Investigation of Polyurethane Matrix Membranes for Salivary Nitrate ISFETs to Prevent the Drift

Shuto Osaki; Takuya Kintoki; Takayo Moriuchi-Kawakami; Kenichi Kitamura; Shin-ichi Wakida

doi:10.3390/s19122713

Investigation of Polyurethane Matrix Membranes for Salivary Nitrate ISFETs to Prevent the Drift

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19122713 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (12) ◽

pp. 2713

Author(s):

Shuto Osaki ◽

Takuya Kintoki ◽

Takayo Moriuchi-Kawakami ◽

Kenichi Kitamura ◽

Shin-ichi Wakida

Keyword(s):

Field Effect Transistors ◽

Wearable Sensors ◽

Single Drop ◽

Stress Monitoring ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

Selective Membrane ◽

Human Stress ◽

Polyurethane Matrix ◽

Matrix Membranes

We have investigated human-stress monitoring by making use of salivary nitrate, which can be a candidate for stress markers, with ion-selective field-effect transistors (ISFETs). ISFETs are suitable for on-site single-drop analysis of salivary nitrate within 10 s. However, when ISFETs are used for salivary nitrate, ISFETs have a problem that is called the initial drift. The initial drift makes accurate nitrate monitoring difficult. Thus, the purpose of this study is to prevent the initial drift and to search for a new, simple polymer to possess a better performance of sensor responses than conventional matrix membranes, such as PVC. In this research, we investigated ISFETs using specific matrix membranes, for example KP-13, Pellethane®, and P7281-PU. The initial drift was evaluated from the fluctuations of the response values generated by the ISFETs when immersed in saliva or aqueous solution. As a result, P7281-PU showed a prevention effect on the initial drift, both in the whole saliva and in various solutions. Furthermore, the cause of drift may be H+ diffusion, and the drift prevention effect of P7281-PU may be affected by urethane bond capturing H+ in the ion-selective membrane. This result suggests that a continuous nitrate monitoring is feasible and may be applied to wearable sensors.

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Investigation of ISFETs' Polyurethane Matrix Membrane to Suppress Drift in Saliva

10.20944/preprints201904.0151.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Shuto Osaki ◽

Takuya Kintoki ◽

Takayo Moriuchi ◽

Kenichi Kitamura ◽

Shin-ichi Wakida

Keyword(s):

Stress Measurement ◽

Field Effect Transistors ◽

Wearable Sensors ◽

Single Drop ◽

Suppression Effect ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

Selective Membrane ◽

Polyurethane Matrix

We have studied on the stress measurement by making use of salivary nitrate, which can be a candidate of stress markers, with ion-selective field-effect transistors (ISFETs). ISFETs are suitable for on-site single-drop analysis of salivary nitrate within 10 seconds. However, when ISFETs are used for salivary nitrate, ISFETs have a problem which is called the initial drift. The initial drift makes it difficult for determination of an accurate nitrate monitoring. Thus, the purpose of this study is to suppress an initial drift and to search for new easy polymer to possess more performance of sensor responses than conventional matrix membrane such as PVC. In this research, we investigated ISFETs using specific matrix membrane for example, KP-13, Pellethane® and P7281-PU. The initial drift was evaluated from the fluctuation of the response values generated by ISFETs which are immersed in saliva or aqueous solution. As a result, P7281-PU showed its suppression effect for the initial drift in the whole saliva and various solutions. Furthermore, the cause of drift may be H+ diffusion, and drift suppression effect of P7281-PU may be affected by urethane bond capturing H+ in ion-selective membrane. This result suggests a continuous nitrate monitoring and development of wearable sensors.

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Chronic stress impacts the cardiovascular system: animal models and clinical outcomes

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00859.2014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 308 (12) ◽

pp. H1476-H1498 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Saeid Golbidi ◽

Jefferson C. Frisbee ◽

Ismail Laher

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Animal Models ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Laboratory Findings ◽

Important Group ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Random Fashion ◽

Human Stress ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Psychosomatic Diseases

Psychological stresses are associated with cardiovascular diseases to the extent that cardiovascular diseases are among the most important group of psychosomatic diseases. The longstanding association between stress and cardiovascular disease exists despite a large ambiguity about the underlying mechanisms. An array of possibilities have been proposed including overactivity of the autonomic nervous system and humoral changes, which then converge on endothelial dysfunction that initiates unwanted cardiovascular consequences. We review some of the features of the two most important stress-activated systems, i.e., the humoral and nervous systems, and focus on alterations in endothelial function that could ensue as a result of these changes. Cardiac and hematologic consequences of stress are also addressed briefly. It is likely that activation of the inflammatory cascade in association with oxidative imbalance represents key pathophysiological components of stress-induced cardiovascular changes. We also review some of the commonly used animal models of stress and discuss the cardiovascular outcomes reported in these models of stress. The unique ability of animals for adaptation under stressful conditions lessens the extrapolation of laboratory findings to conditions of human stress. An animal model of unpredictable chronic stress, which applies various stress modules in a random fashion, might be a useful solution to this predicament. The use of stress markers as indicators of stress intensity is also discussed in various models of animal stress and in clinical studies.

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A Multi-User Multi-Task Model For Stress Monitoring From Wearable Sensors

2018 21st International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) ◽

10.23919/icif.2018.8455378 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Oumayma Sakri ◽

Christelle Godin ◽

Gael Vila ◽

Etienne Labyt ◽

Sylvie Charbonnier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wearable Sensors ◽

Stress Monitoring ◽

Task Model

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Salivary Oxidative Stress Markers’ Relation to Oral Diseases in Children and Adolescents

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10101540 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1540

Author(s):

Bahareh Nazemi Salman ◽

Shayan Darvish ◽

Ancuta Goriuc ◽

Saeideh Mazloomzadeh ◽

Maryam Hossein Poor Tehrani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Gingival Bleeding ◽

Whole Saliva ◽

Markers Of Oxidative Stress

(1) Background: Current evidence suggests that salivary markers of oxidative stress are indicative of clinical disease indices such as the papillary bleeding index (PBI) and the caries index (CI). The aim of this study was to assess the relation of oxidative stress markers with oral dental caries and periodontal problems in a pediatric population. (2) Methods: In this case-control study, unstimulated whole saliva was collected from individuals aged 3–18 years (n = 177); 14 individuals were excluded. Study subjects were divided into those with caries (CI = 2, n = 78) and those who were caries-free (n = 85). These groups were then divided into another subset consisting of children (mean age 7.3 years, n = 121) and adolescents (mean age 16.1 years, n = 42). The PBI was determined in all groups. We then assessed salivary levels of oxidative stress markers. (3) Results: Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level increased in patients with more gingival bleeding (p < 0.05) in the study group aged 3–18 years. In addition, TAC showed a significant decrease in samples with caries when compared to the caries-free group in adolescents (p = 0.008). (4) Conclusions: TAC levels may be a marker of both gingival bleeding and dental caries in young adult populations. We hope that in the near future, prophylaxis, control, follow up and even possible therapeutic use of oxidative stress markers in a chairside way will become possible as antioxidants have been shown to be effective against oral diseases.

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Human Stress Detection With Wearable Sensors Using Convolutional Neural Networks

IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine ◽

10.1109/maes.2021.3115198 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 60-70

Author(s):

Manuel Gil-Martin ◽

Ruben San-Segundo ◽

Ana Mateos ◽

Javier Ferreiros-Lopez

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Convolutional Neural Networks ◽

Wearable Sensors ◽

Stress Detection ◽

Human Stress

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Fabrication of a portable device for stress monitoring using wearable sensors and soft computing algorithms

Neural Computing and Applications ◽

10.1007/s00521-019-04278-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (11) ◽

pp. 7515-7537 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alireza Golgouneh ◽

Bahram Tarvirdizadeh

Keyword(s):

Soft Computing ◽

Wearable Sensors ◽

Portable Device ◽

Stress Monitoring

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Recent Advances in Flexible Field‐Effect Transistors toward Wearable Sensors

Advanced Intelligent Systems ◽

10.1002/aisy.202000113 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (11) ◽

pp. 2000113

Author(s):

Ming-Zheng Li ◽

Su-Ting Han ◽

Ye Zhou

Keyword(s):

Field Effect ◽

Field Effect Transistors ◽

Wearable Sensors ◽

Recent Advances

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Identification of Suitable Biomarkers for Stress and Emotion Detection for Future Personal Affective Wearable Sensors

Biosensors ◽

10.3390/bios10040040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 40 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abdulaziz Zamkah ◽

Terence Hui ◽

Simon Andrews ◽

Nilanjan Dey ◽

Fuqian Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotional Stress ◽

Wearable Sensors ◽

Biological Information ◽

Current Status ◽

Physiological Parameter ◽

Stress Monitoring ◽

Detection Systems ◽

Primary Stress ◽

Stress Biomarkers ◽

Skin Conductivity

Skin conductivity (i.e., sweat) forms the basis of many physiology-based emotion and stress detection systems. However, such systems typically do not detect the biomarkers present in sweat, and thus do not take advantage of the biological information in the sweat. Likewise, such systems do not detect the volatile organic components (VOC’s) created under stressful conditions. This work presents a review into the current status of human emotional stress biomarkers and proposes the major potential biomarkers for future wearable sensors in affective systems. Emotional stress has been classified as a major contributor in several social problems, related to crime, health, the economy, and indeed quality of life. While blood cortisol tests, electroencephalography and physiological parameter methods are the gold standards for measuring stress; however, they are typically invasive or inconvenient and not suitable for wearable real-time stress monitoring. Alternatively, cortisol in biofluids and VOCs emitted from the skin appear to be practical and useful markers for sensors to detect emotional stress events. This work has identified antistress hormones and cortisol metabolites as the primary stress biomarkers that can be used in future sensors for wearable affective systems.

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