scholarly journals Efficient Energy Supply Using Mobile Charger for Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Min Yi ◽  
Ikjune Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Mobile Sink ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Transfer Energy ◽  
Anchor Nodes ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Mobile Charger ◽  
Solar Powered

An energy-harvesting wireless sensor network mitigates the energy shortage problems of existing battery-based wireless sensors; however, its hotspot area sensor nodes still experience 3 blackouts, thereby reducing network connectivity. Techniques that transfer energy directly to sensor nodes using wireless power transfer (WPT) have been studied in recent years to address this issue. In this paper, we propose a technique that uses a drone (quadcopter), which is a type of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), as a mobile sink. The drone selects and manages anchor nodes that aggregate data temporarily, collects data by visiting the anchor nodes to mitigate the hotspot issue, and then prevents blackouts by supplying energy to low-energy nodes, thereby improving network connectivity. The anchor nodes are carefully selected after considering the energy capacity of the drone, the size of the network, the amount of collected data, and the energy consumed by the nodes to increase the network’s energy efficiency. Furthermore, energy is transferred from the drone to the anchor nodes to support their energy consumption. In our study, this method reduced the blackouts of sensor nodes, including anchor nodes, in hotspot regions, and increased network connectivity, thereby improving the amount of data gathered by the mobile sink.

scholarly journals Efficient Location Service for a Mobile Sink in Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjae Kang ◽  
Ikjune Yoon ◽  
Dong Noh
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Mobile Sink ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Location Information ◽  
Position Information ◽  
Location Service ◽  
Surplus Energy ◽  
Solar Powered

By utilizing mobile sinks in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), WSNs can be deployed in more challenging environments that cannot connect with the Internet, such as those that are isolated or dangerous, and can also achieve a balanced energy consumption among sensors which leads to prolonging the network lifetime. However, an additional overhead is required to check the current location of the sink in order for a node to transmit data to the mobile sink, and the size of the overhead is proportional to that of the network. Meanwhile, WSNs composed of solar-powered nodes have recently been actively studied for the perpetual operation of a network. This study addresses both of these research topics simultaneously, and proposes a method to support an efficient location service for a mobile sink utilizing the surplus energy of a solar-powered WSN. In this scheme, nodes that have a sufficient energy budget can constitute rings, and the nodes belonging to these rings (which are called ring nodes) maintain up-to-date location information on the mobile sink node and serve this information to the other sensor nodes. Because each ring node only uses surplus energy to serve location information, this does not affect the performance of a node’s general operations (e.g., sensing, processing, and data delivery). Moreover, because multiple rings can exist simultaneously in the proposed scheme, the overhead for acquiring the position information of the sink can be significantly reduced, and also hardly increases even if the network size becomes larger.

scholarly journals Energy-Efficient Cluster Management Using a Mobile Charger for Solar-Powered Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjae Son ◽  
Minjae Kang ◽  
Younghyun Kim ◽  
Ikjune Yoon ◽  
Dong Kun Noh
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Mobile Sink ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sink Node ◽  
Energy Imbalance ◽  
Cluster Heads ◽  
Imbalance Problem ◽  
Solar Powered

In solar-powered wireless sensor networks (SP-WSNs), sensor nodes can continuously harvest energy to relieve the energy constraint problem in battery-powered WSNs. With the advent of wireless power transmission (WPT) technology, the nodes can be charged remotely if the energy harvested is insufficient. However, even in SP-WSNs with WPT, an energy imbalance problem is observed, in which the energy consumption of the nodes around a sink node increases abnormally if the sink node is stationary. To solve this problem, recent studies have been conducted using a mobile sink node instead of a stationary one. Generally, a clustering scheme is used for the efficient utilization of a mobile sink. However, even in the case of mobile sinks, it is still necessary to minimize the energy burden of the cluster heads and their surrounding nodes. In this study, we propose a scheme that mitigates the energy imbalance problem of SP-WSNs by using a WPT-capable mobile sink and an efficient clustering scheme. In the proposed scheme, the energy imbalance is minimized by electing the cluster heads effectively after considering the energy state of the nodes, and by enabling the sink node to charge the energy of the cluster heads while collecting data from them. Consequently, this scheme allows the sink node to collect more data with fewer blackouts of the sensor nodes.

scholarly journals Collaborative Wireless Power Transfer in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Azka Amin ◽  
Xi-Hua Liu ◽  
Muhammad Asim Saleem ◽  
Shagufta Henna ◽  
Taseer-ul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Wireless Power Transfer ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Transfer Energy ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks

Wireless power transfer techniques to transfer energy have been widely adopted by wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs). These techniques are aimed at increasing network lifetime by transferring power to end devices. Under these wireless techniques, the incurred charging latency to replenish the sensor nodes is considered as one of the major issues in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Existing recharging schemes rely on rigid recharging schedules to recharge a WSN deployment using a single global charger. Although these schemes charge devices, they are not on-demand and incur higher charging latency affecting the lifetime of a WSN. This paper proposes a collaborative recharging technique to offload recharging workload to local chargers. Experiment results reveal that the proposed scheme maximizes average network lifetime and has better average charging throughput and charging latency compared to a global charger-based recharging.

scholarly journals Scheduled Optimal SDWSN Using Wireless Transfer of Power

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Dr. Anand C
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Wireless Power Transfer ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Power Transfer ◽  
Wireless Power ◽  
Transfer Energy

Energy scarcity is one of the biggest threats faced by today’s society because of the increasing demand for Wireless Sensor Networks. Wireless power transfer is one of the merging solutions that promise to address this energy scarcity and replenish the sensor nodes. In this method, dedicated energy transmitters are used to transfer energy to the sensor nodes. Moreover, Software-defined Wireless Sensor Networks (SDWSNs) have been proposed recently and are defined such that they are used to utilize the WSN resources to its maximum potential. The proposed methodology proposes a Wireless power transfer using SDWSN. We have designed a method to find the minimum energy transmitters by placing the energy transmitters in the node. A trade-off is made between fair distribution of energy and maximum energy charged in the network to place the energy transmitters. The proposed mechanism is defines a utility function in order to increase fairness and total energy charged. The goal is to decrease the energy consumed by the transmitters while retaining the charge of the sensor nodes. The simulation results illustrate the optimum efficiency of the proposed methodology with respect to energy consumption, number of tasks, number of energy transmitters, fairness and energy charged.

Improved DV-Hop Localization Scheme for Randomly Deployed WSNs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekha Goyat ◽  
Mritunjay Kumar Rai ◽  
Gulshan Kumar ◽  
Hye-Jin Kim ◽  
Se-Jung Lim
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Localization Error ◽  
Anchor Nodes ◽  
Least Energy ◽  
Range Free

Background: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is considered one of the key research area in the recent. Various applications of WSNs need geographic location of the sensor nodes. Objective: Localization in WSNs plays an important role because without knowledge of sensor nodes location the information is useless. Finding the accurate location is very crucial in Wireless Sensor Networks. The efficiency of any localization approach is decided on the basis of accuracy and localization error. In range-free localization approaches, the location of unknown nodes are computed by collecting the information such as minimum hop count, hop size information from neighbors nodes. Methods: Although various studied have been done for computing the location of nodes but still, it is an enduring research area. To mitigate the problems of existing algorithms, a range-free Improved Weighted Novel DV-Hop localization algorithm is proposed. Main motive of the proposed study is to reduced localization error with least energy consumption. Firstly, the location information of anchor nodes is broadcasted upto M hop to decrease the energy consumption. Further, a weight factor and correction factor are introduced which refine the hop size of anchor nodes. Results: The refined hop size is further utilized for localization to reduces localization error significantly. The simulation results of the proposed algorithm are compared with other existing algorithms for evaluating the effectiveness and the performance. The simulated results are evaluated in terms localization error and computational cost by considering different parameters such as node density, percentage of anchor nodes, transmission range, effect of sensing field and effect of M on localization error. Further statistical analysis is performed on simulated results to prove the validation of proposed algorithm. A paired T-test is applied on localization error and localization time. The results of T-test depicts that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the localization accuracy with least energy consumption as compared to other existing algorithms like DV-Hop, IWCDV-Hop, and IDV-Hop. Conclusion: From the simulated results, it is concluded that the proposed algorithm offers 36% accurate localization than traditional DV-Hop and 21 % than IDV-Hop and 13% than IWCDV-Hop.

scholarly journals Intelligent On-Demand Connectivity Restoration for Wireless Sensor Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Amir Khan ◽  
Mahmood ul Hassan ◽  
Ansar Munir Shah ◽  
Shahzad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Connectivity Restoration ◽  
Restoration Technique ◽  
Near Future

Wireless sensor networks are envisioned to play a very important role in the Internet of Things in near future and therefore the challenges associated with wireless sensor networks have attracted researchers from all around the globe. A common issue which is well studied is how to restore network connectivity in case of failure of single or multiple nodes. Energy being a scarce resource in sensor networks drives all the proposed solutions to connectivity restoration to be energy efficient. In this paper we introduce an intelligent on-demand connectivity restoration technique for wireless sensor networks to address the connectivity restoration problem, where nodes utilize their transmission range to ensure the connectivity and the replacement of failed nodes with their redundant nodes. The proposed technique helps us to keep track of system topology and can respond to node failures effectively. Thus our system can better handle the issue of node failure by introducing less overhead on sensor node, more efficient energy utilization, better coverage, and connectivity without moving the sensor nodes.

scholarly journals Overcoming Localization Errors due to Node Power Drooping in a Wireless Sensor Network

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safdar Khan ◽  
Boubaker Daachi ◽  
Karim Djouani
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Position Estimation ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Battery Voltage ◽  
Localization Errors ◽  
Anchor Nodes ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indication

Overcoming Localization Errors due to Node Power Drooping in a Wireless Sensor NetworkReceived Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) plays a vital role in the range-free localization of sensor nodes in a wireless sensor network and a good amount of research has been made in this regard. One important factor is the battery voltage of the nodes (i.e., the MICAz sensors) which is not taken into account in the existing literature. As battery voltage level performs an indispensable role for the position estimation of sensor nodes through anchor nodes therefore, in this paper, we take into a account this crucial factor and propose an algorithm that overcomes the problem of decaying battery. We show the results, in terms of more precise localization of sensor nodes through simulation. This work is an extension to [1] and now we also use neural network to overcome the localization errors generated due to gradual battery voltage drooping.

scholarly journals Genetic Algorithms for Localization in WSN

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 2397-2401
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Bat Algorithm ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Localization Error ◽  
Node Localization ◽  
Soft Computing Techniques ◽  
Anchor Nodes ◽  
The Mean

In wireless sensor networks, localization is a way to track the exact location of sensor nodes. Occasionally node localization may not be accurate due to the absence or limitation of anchor nodes. To reduce the mean localization error, soft computing techniques such as BAT and bacterial foraging driven bat algorithm (BDBA) are utilized in literature. For better localization with reduced error, in this paper, firefly driven bat algorithm (FDBA) is proposed, which combines the heuristic of firefly and BAT algorithms. Our proposed FDBA algorithm provides better localization in terms of error of 60% and 40 % less error as compared to BAT and BDBA algorithm, respectively.

A Novel Nature Instilled Moving Sink Architecture for Data Gathering in Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
Amiya Bhusan Bagjadab ◽  
Sushree Bibhuprada B. Priyadarshini
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Mobile Sink ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Packet Forwarding ◽  
Battery Power ◽  
Communication Distance

Wireless sensor networks are commonly used to monitor certain regions and to collect data for several application domains. Generally, in wireless sensor networks, data are routed in a multi-hop fashion towards a static sink. In this scenario, the nodes closer to the sink become heavily involved in packet forwarding, and their battery power is exhausted rapidly. This article proposes that a special node (i.e., mobile sink) will move in the specified region and collect the data from the sensors and transmit it to the base station such that the communication distance of the sensors will be reduced. The aim is to provide a track for the sink such that it covers maximum sensor nodes. Here, the authors compared two tracks theoretically and in the future will try to simulate the two tracks for the sink movement so as to identify the better one.

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