scholarly journals Advances in Nuclear Radiation Sensing: Enabling 3-D Gamma-Ray Vision

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Vetter ◽  
Ross Barnowski ◽  
Joshua W. Cates ◽  
Andrew Haefner ◽  
Tenzing H.Y. Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Radiation Detection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Recent Developments

The enormous advances in sensing and data processing technologies in combination with recent developments in nuclear radiation detection and imaging enable unprecedented and “smarter” ways to detect, map, and visualize nuclear radiation. The recently developed concept of three-dimensional (3-D) Scene-data fusion allows us now to “see” nuclear radiation in three dimensions, in real time, and specific to radionuclides. It is based on a multi-sensor instrument that is able to map a local scene and to fuse the scene data with nuclear radiation data in 3-D while the instrument is freely moving through the scene. This new concept is agnostic of the deployment platform and the specific radiation detection or imaging modality. We have demonstrated this 3-D Scene-data fusion concept in a range of configurations in locations, such as the Fukushima Prefecture in Japan or Chernobyl in Ukraine on unmanned and manned aerial and ground-based platforms. It provides new means in the detection, mapping, and visualization of radiological and nuclear materials relevant for the safe and secure operation of nuclear and radiological facilities or in the response to accidental or intentional releases of radioactive materials where a timely, accurate, and effective assessment is critical. In addition, the ability to visualize nuclear radiation in 3-D and in real time provides new means in the communication with public and facilitates to overcome one of the major public concerns of not being able to “see” nuclear radiation.

scholarly journals RADIATION MEASUREMENT OF RADIOISOTOPE IN MINERAL DEPOSIT AT SUBDISTRICT OF MIDDLE KUPANG WEST TIMOR ISLAND INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Bartholomeus Pasangka ◽  
Frederika Rambu Ngana
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Power ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Nuclear Radiation ◽  
Radiation Measurement ◽  
Potential Region ◽  
Background Count ◽  
West Timor ◽  
Accumulation Center

The general objective of this work was investigation of radioisotope distribution and accumulation center in mineral deposit at sub-district of Middle Kupang West Timor Island Indonesia. The purposes of research were: to map of radioisotope distribution in the mineral deposit, to estimate area of radioisotope accumulation center in the mineral deposit, to establish range of nuclear radiation counts in the center region of radioisotope content in mineral deposit. The general methods used in this research were observation, survey, mapping, analysis, and interpretation. Procedures detail of research consists of: observe and identify the potential region and plot gridding, calibrate equipment necessary, measure background count in around of survey location and nuclear radiation in the survey location, plot of three dimensions curve and contour after corrected by background count. Based on geology information or geology data (drilling data) three depth levels determined (about 20 m, 40 m and 60 m), Radiation powers were calculated for estimation of accumulation center of radioisotope in deposit mineral, and contour and three dimensions curves of radiation power of radioisotope in deposit mineral were plotted. Results: Based on three dimensional curves and contour map (radiation counts and radiation powers on three levels) of radioisotope in mineral deposit respectively was distributed on area 3.00 x 106 m2, and 1.56 x 104 m2. The interval of radiation counts of radioisotope in mineral deposit was 10 counts per minute-137 counts per minute. Keywords: Radiation, measurement, radioisotope, mineral, deposit

REAL-TIME MACHINE VISION SYSTEMS

1987 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Kam W. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Machine Vision ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
The United States ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Vision Systems ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Recent Developments

Recent developments in machine vision systems, solid state cameras, and image processing are reviewed. Both hardware and software systems are currently available for performing real-time recognition and geometric measurements. More than 1000 units of these imaging systems are already being used in manufacturing plants in the United States. Current research efforts are focused on the processing of three-dimensional information and on knowledge-based processing systems. Five potential research topics in the area of photogrammetry are proposed: 1) stereo solid state camera systems, 2) image correlation, 3) self-calibration and self-orientation, 4) general algorithm for multistation and multicamera photography, and 5) artificial photogrammetry.

scholarly journals Bedside 3D Visualization of Lymphatic Vessels with a Handheld Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography Device

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Giacalone ◽  
Takumi Yamamoto ◽  
Florence Belva ◽  
Akitatsu Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Secondary Lymphedema ◽  
Optoacoustic Tomography ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Promising Tool

Identification of lymphatics by Indocyanine Green (ICG) lymphography in patients with severe lymphedema is limited due to the overlying dermal backflow. Nor can the method detect deep and/or small vessels. Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT), a real-time three- dimensional (3D) imaging modality which allows exact spatial identification of absorbers in tissue such as blood and injected dyes can overcome these hurdles. However, MSOT with a handheld probe has not been performed yet in lymphedema patients. We conducted a pilot study in 11 patients with primary and secondary lymphedema to test whether lymphatic vessels could be detected with a handheld MSOT device. In eight patients, we could not only identify lymphatics and veins but also visualize their position and contractility. Furthermore, deep lymphatic vessels not traceable by ICG lymphography and lymphatics covered by severe dermal backflow, could be clearly identified by MSOT. In three patients, two of which had advanced stage lymphedema, only veins but no lymphatic vessels could be identified. We found that MSOT can identify and image lymphatics and veins in real-time and beyond the limits of near-infrared technology during a single bedside examination. Given its easy use and high accuracy, the handheld MSOT device is a promising tool in lymphatic surgery.

scholarly journals AUGMENTED TURIN BAROQUE ATRIA: AR EXPERIENCES FOR ENHANCING CULTURAL HERITAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽  
pp. 557-564
Author(s):  
V. Palma ◽  
R. Spallone ◽  
M. Vitali
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Archives ◽  
Three Dimensional Objects ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Subject

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This paper presents the most recent developments in a project aimed to the documentation, storage and dissemination of the cultural heritage. The subject of the project are more than 70 Baroque atria in Turin, recognized by critics for their particular unitary vaulted systems Our research team is currently working on digitizing documents and studying ways to enhance and share these results through ICT. In particular, we want to explore possibilities for recognizing and tracing three-dimensional objects in augmented reality (AR) applications connected to the collected data. Recent developments in this field relate to the technology available on widespread mobile devices such as tablets and smartphones, allowing for real-time 3D scanning. Using software prototypes, we want to introduce some problems involved in integrating this technology into digital archives.</p>

scholarly journals Theory of magnetic reconnection in solar and astrophysical plasmas

2012 ◽  
Vol 370 (1970) ◽  
pp. 3169-3192 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Pontin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Reconnection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Astrophysical Plasmas ◽  
Current State ◽  
Fundamental Process ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Theoretical Results

Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental process in a plasma that facilitates the release of energy stored in the magnetic field by permitting a change in the magnetic topology. In this paper, we present a review of the current state of understanding of magnetic reconnection. We discuss theoretical results regarding the formation of current sheets in complex three-dimensional magnetic fields and describe the fundamental differences between reconnection in two and three dimensions. We go on to outline recent developments in modelling of reconnection with kinetic theory, as well as in the magnetohydrodynamic framework where a number of new three-dimensional reconnection regimes have been identified. We discuss evidence from observations and simulations of Solar System plasmas that support this theory and summarize some prominent locations in which this new reconnection theory is relevant in astrophysical plasmas.

scholarly journals TMIC-09. MULTIMODAL VISIBLE LIGHT OPTICAL COHERENCE MICROSCOPY AND FLUORESCENCE IMAGING OF GLIOBLASTOMA REGIONAL SAMPLES

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi248-vi249
Author(s):  
Johanna Gesperger ◽  
Antonia Lichtenegger ◽  
Thomas Roetzer ◽  
Georg Widhalm ◽  
Barbara Kiesel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Optical Coherence

Abstract Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging modality based on the inherent backscattering of light within different tissue types. OCT was introduced in the early 1990s and has since become a standard diagnostic tool in ophthalmology. Images can be acquired non-destructively, in real time and three dimensions at micrometer resolution. Only recently, OCT has been increasingly recognized in other fields such as neuroimaging. Here we present a multimodal imaging approach using a custom-built visible light optical coherence microscope (OCM) combined with a fluorescence imaging mode for the evaluation of different tumor compartments in glioblastoma (GB) samples retrieved during 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) fluorescence-guided surgery. 18 biopsies of ten GB patients were imaged using the visible light OCM system, providing the three-dimensional morphologic structure of the tissue on a cellular level (axial resolution in brain tissue 0.88 µm, penetration depth 100 µm). Attenuation coefficients, i.e., indicators for light penetration and scattering, were calculated for each sample. Tumor-specific contrast enhanced by 5-ALA was evaluated in co-registered images from the fluorescence channel. Samples were ultimately processed for histopathologic work-up and compared to OCM findings. Three different groups of biopsies could be defined based on quantitative 5-ALA fluorescence [normalized between 0 and 1], attenuation [mm-1] and histological H&E stainings: tumor core (n=8; fluorescence [median ± standard deviation]=0.72±0.13, attenuation [median ± standard deviation]=3.9±0.66), infiltration zone (n=6; fluorescence=0.5±0.19, attenuation=4.4±0.5), and adjacent brain parenchyma (n=4; fluorescence=0.3±0.12, attenuation=5.0±0.79). Concurrent increase in fluorescence intensity and cell density was significantly associated with tissue malignancy (tumor core: 3849±1028 nuclei/mm²; brain parenchyma: 1364±236 nuclei/mm². p=0.024). Furthermore, a negative correlation between fluorescence and attenuation coefficient was detected (r=0.51, p=0.032). Aforementioned results suggest that this multimodal imaging setup is a promising approach for non-destructively investigating the three-dimensional morphologic structure at microscopic resolution whilst at the same time leveraging tumor-specific contrast through 5-ALA fluorescence.

scholarly journals Electron crystallography: imaging and single-crystal diffraction from powders

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Zou ◽  
Sven Hovmöller
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electron Crystallography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Recent Developments

The study of crystals at atomic level by electrons – electron crystallography – is an important complement to X-ray crystallography. There are two main advantages of structure determinations by electron crystallography compared to X-ray diffraction: (i) crystals millions of times smaller than those needed for X-ray diffraction can be studied and (ii) the phases of the crystallographic structure factors, which are lost in X-ray diffraction, are present in transmission-electron-microscopy (TEM) images. In this paper, some recent developments of electron crystallography and its applications, mainly on inorganic crystals, are shown. Crystal structures can be solved to atomic resolution in two dimensions as well as in three dimensions from both TEM images and electron diffraction. Different techniques developed for electron crystallography, including three-dimensional reconstruction, the electron precession technique and ultrafast electron crystallography, are reviewed. Examples of electron-crystallography applications are given. There is in principle no limitation to the complexity of the structures that can be solved by electron crystallography.

Three-dimensional imaging of x-ray and gamma-ray objects in real time

1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 2952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lo Yin ◽  
Jacob I. Trombka ◽  
Stephen M. Seltzer
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Imaging ◽  
X Ray
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document