scholarly journals In-Situ Wireless Pressure Measurement Using Zero-Power Packaged Microwave Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Philippe ◽  
Maria De Paolis ◽  
Dominique Henry ◽  
Alexandre Rumeau ◽  
Antony Coustou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Remote Measurement ◽  
Reverberant Environments ◽  
Indoor Wireless ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Radar Imagery ◽  
First Time

This paper reports the indoor wireless measurement of pressure from zero-power (or passive) microwave (24 GHz) sensors. The sensors are packaged and allow the remote measurement of overpressure up to 2.1 bars. Their design, fabrication process and packaging are detailed. From the measurement of sensor scattering parameters, the outstanding sensitivity of 995 MHz/bar between 0.8 and 2.1 bars was achieved with the full-scale measurement range of 1.33 GHz. Moreover, the 3D radar imagery technique was applied for the remote interrogation of these sensors in electromagnetic reverberant environments. The full-scale dynamic range of 4.9 dB and the sensitivity of 4.9 dB/bar between 0.7 and 1.7 bars were achieved with radar detection in a highly reflective environment. These measurement results demonstrate for the first time the ability of the radar imagery technique to interrogate fully passive pressure sensors in electromagnetic reverberant environments.

State special primary acceleration measurement standard for gravimetry GET 190-2019

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
L.F. Vitushkin ◽  
F.F. Karpeshin ◽  
E.P. Krivtsov ◽  
P.P. Krolitsky ◽  
V.V. Nalivaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Measurement Standard ◽  
Acceleration Measurement ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Free Fall Acceleration ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Upper Level

The State special primary acceleration measurement standard for gravimetry (GET 190-2019), its composition, principle of operation and basic metrological characteristics are presented. This standard is on the upper level of reference for free-fall acceleration measurements. Its accuracy and reliability were improved as a result of optimisation of the adjustment procedures for measurement systems and its integration within the upgraded systems, units and modern hardware components. A special attention was given to adjusting the corrections applied to measurement results with respect to procedural, physical and technical limitations. The used investigation methods made it possibled to confirm the measurement range of GET 190-2019 and to determine the contributions of main sources of errors and the total value of these errors. The measurement characteristics and GET 90-2019 were confirmed by the results obtained from measurements of the absolute value of the free fall acceleration at the gravimetrical site “Lomonosov-1” and by their collation with the data of different dates obtained from measurements by high-precision foreign and domestic gravimeters. Topicality of such measurements ensues from the requirements to handle the applied problems that need data on parameters of the Earth gravitational field, to be adequately faced. Geophysics and navigation are the main fields of application for high-precision measurements in this field.

scholarly journals Influence of the Porosity of Polymer Foams on the Performances of Capacitive Flexible Pressure Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Bilent ◽  
Thi Hong Nhung Dinh ◽  
Emile Martincic ◽  
Pierre-Yves Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Dielectric Material ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Polymer Foams ◽  
First Order ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Flexible Pressure Sensors

This paper reports on the study of microporous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) foams as a highly deformable dielectric material used in the composition of flexible capacitive pressure sensors dedicated to wearable use. A fabrication process allowing the porosity of the foams to be adjusted was proposed and the fabricated foams were characterized. Then, elementary capacitive pressure sensors (15 × 15 mm2 square shaped electrodes) were elaborated with fabricated foams (5 mm or 10 mm thick) and were electromechanically characterized. Since the sensor responses under load are strongly non-linear, a behavioral non-linear model (first order exponential) was proposed, adjusted to the experimental data, and used to objectively estimate the sensor performances in terms of sensitivity and measurement range. The main conclusions of this study are that the porosity of the PDMS foams can be adjusted through the sugar:PDMS volume ratio and the size of sugar crystals used to fabricate the foams. Additionally, the porosity of the foams significantly modified the sensor performances. Indeed, compared to bulk PDMS sensors of the same size, the sensitivity of porous PDMS sensors could be multiplied by a factor up to 100 (the sensitivity is 0.14 %.kPa−1 for a bulk PDMS sensor and up to 13.7 %.kPa−1 for a porous PDMS sensor of the same dimensions), while the measurement range was reduced from a factor of 2 to 3 (from 594 kPa for a bulk PDMS sensor down to between 255 and 177 kPa for a PDMS foam sensor of the same dimensions, according to the porosity). This study opens the way to the design and fabrication of wearable flexible pressure sensors with adjustable performances through the control of the porosity of the fabricated PDMS foams.

Enhanced piezocapacitive response in zinc oxide tetrapod–poly(dimethylsiloxane) composite dielectric layer for flexible and ultrasensitive pressure sensor

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6076-6086
Author(s):  
Gen-Wen Hsieh ◽  
Shih-Rong Ling ◽  
Fan-Ting Hung ◽  
Pei-Hsiu Kao ◽  
Jian-Bin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Pressure Sensor ◽  
Dielectric Layer ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Dielectric Matrix ◽  
First Time

Zinc oxide tetrapod is introduced for the first time within a poly(dimethylsiloxane) dielectric matrix for the formation of ultrasensitive piezocapacitive pressure sensors.

scholarly journals In-Process Diameter Measurement Technique for Micro-Optical Fiber with Standing Wave Illumination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Michihata ◽  
Zhao Zheng ◽  
Daiki Funaiwa ◽  
Sojiro Murakami ◽  
Shotaro Kadoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Standing Wave ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
High Dynamic Range ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Process Measurement ◽  
Air Turbulence ◽  
Tapered Optical Fiber

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an in-process measurement method of the diameter of micro-optical fiber such as a tapered optical fiber. The proposed technique is based on analyzing optically scattered light generated by standing wave illumination. The proposed method is significant in that it requires an only limited measurement range and does not require a high dynamic range sensor. These properties are suitable for in-process measurement. This experiment verified that the proposed method could measure a fiber diameter as stable as ± 0.01 μm under an air turbulence environment. As a result of comparing the measured diameter distribution with those by scanning electron microscopy, it was confirmed that the proposed method has a measurement accuracy better than several hundred nanometers.

scholarly journals Hydrostatic Densitometer for Monitoring Density in Freshwater to Hypersaline Water Bodies

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1842
Author(s):  
Ziv Mor ◽  
Hallel Lutzky ◽  
Eyal Shalev ◽  
Nadav G. Lensky
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Density Profiles ◽  
Water Column Stratification ◽  
Hypersaline Water ◽  
First Time

Density, temperature, salinity, and hydraulic head are physical scalars governing the dynamics of aquatic systems. In coastal aquifers, lakes, and oceans, salinity is measured with conductivity sensors, temperature is measured with thermistors, and density is calculated. However, in hypersaline brines, the salinity (and density) cannot be determined by conductivity measurements due to its high ionic strength. Here, we resolve density measurements using a hydrostatic densitometer as a function of an array of pressure sensors and hydrostatic relations. This system was tested in the laboratory and was applied in the Dead Sea and adjacent aquifer. In the field, we measured temporal variations of vertical profiles of density and temperature in two cases, where water density varied vertically from 1.0 × 103 kg·m−3 to 1.24 × 103 kg·m−3: (i) a borehole in the coastal aquifer, and (ii) an offshore buoy in a region with a diluted plume. The density profile in the borehole evolved with time, responding to the lowering of groundwater and lake levels; that in the lake demonstrated the dynamics of water-column stratification under the influence of freshwater discharge and atmospheric forcing. This method allowed, for the first time, continuous monitoring of density profiles in hypersaline bodies, and it captured the dynamics of density and temperature stratification.

scholarly journals Temperature Dependence of Thermophysical Properties of Full-Scale Corium of Fast Energy Reactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mazhyn K. Skakov ◽  
Nurzhan Ye. Mukhamedov ◽  
Alexander D. Vurim ◽  
Ilya I. Deryavko
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Thermal Diffusivity ◽  
Fast Reactor ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Heat Conductivity ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Reactor Vessel ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
First Time

For the first time the paper determines thermophysical properties (specific heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, and heat conductivity) of the full-scale corium of the fast energy nuclear reactor within the temperature range from ~30°С to ~400°С. Obtained data are to be used in temperature fields calculations during modeling the processes of corium melt retention inside of the fast reactor vessel.

Wave Run-Up on the Zeebrugge Rubble Mound Breakwater: Full-Scale Measurement Results Versus Laboratory Results

2007 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 584-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien De Rouck ◽  
Björn Van de Walle ◽  
Peter Troch ◽  
Jentsje van der Meer ◽  
Luc Van Damme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Rubble Mound ◽  
Run Up

scholarly journals Expanding Assay Dynamics: A Combined Competitive and Direct Assay System for the Quantification of Proteins in Multiplexed Immunoassays

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 956-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hartmann ◽  
Monika Schrenk ◽  
Anette Döttinger ◽  
Sarah Nagel ◽  
Johan Roeraade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Protein Microarray ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Multiplex Assay ◽  
Competitive System ◽  
Direct Immunoassay ◽  
Sandwich Configuration ◽  
Readout Channel ◽  
Autoantibody Detection ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Abstract Background: The concurrent detection and quantification of analytes that vary widely in concentration present a principal problem in multiplexed assay systems. Combining competitive and sandwich immunoassays permits coverage of a wide concentration range, and both highly abundant molecules and analytes present in low concentration can be quantified within the same assay. Methods: The use of different fluorescence readout channels allows the parallel use of a competitive system and a sandwich configuration. The 2 generated assay signals are combined and used to calculate the amount of analyte. The measurement range can be adjusted by varying the competitor concentration, and an extension of the assay system’s dynamic range is possible. Results: We implemented the method in a planar protein microarray–based autoimmune assay to detect autoantibodies against 13 autoantigens and to measure the concentration of a highly abundant protein, total human IgG, in one assay. Our results for autoantibody detection and IgG quantification agreed with results obtained with commercially available assays. The use of 2 readout channels in the protein microarray–based system reduced spot-to-spot variation and intraassay variation. Conclusions: By combining a direct immunoassay with a competitive system, analytes present in widely varying concentrations can be quantified within a single multiplex assay. Introducing a second readout channel for analyte quantification is an effective tool for spot-to-spot normalization and helps to lower intraassay variation.

Launching of Ships and Floating Structures from Horizontal Berth by Tipping Table

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 265-276
Author(s):  
Ivo Senjanovic
Keyword(s):  
Structural Dynamics ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Floating Structures ◽  
Measurement Results

This review paper covers extensive investigations which were undertaken in order to verify the idea of launching of ships and other floating structures from a horizontal berth by a set of turning pads. This includes structural dynamics during launching, model tests and strength analysis of the structure and the launching system. The most important results, which were used for the design of the launching system, are presented. The preparation of a barge for side launching is described, and the full-scale measurement results are compared with the test results. The advantages of building ships and offshore structures on a horizontal berth are pointed out in the conclusion.

A 12-BIT 400-MS/s CURRENT-STEERING DAC WITH DEGLITCHING TECHNIQUE

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450004 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAOBO XUE ◽  
XIAOLEI ZHU ◽  
QIFENG SHI ◽  
LENIAN HE
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Current Steering ◽  
Digital To Analog Converter ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Voltage Swing ◽  
Current Steering Dac ◽  
Low Supply Voltage

In this paper, a 12-bit current-steering digital-to-analog converter (DAC) employing a deglitching technique is proposed. The deglitching technique is realized by lowering the voltage swing of the control signal as well as by using a method of glitch counteraction (GC). A new switch–driver structure is designed to enable the effectiveness of the GC and provide sufficient driving capability under a low supply voltage. Moreover, the control signal's rise/fall asymmetry which increases the glitch error can be suppressed by using the proposed switch–driver structure. The 12-bit DAC is implemented in 180 nm CMOS technology. The measurement results show that the spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) at low signal frequency is 78.8 dB, and it is higher than 70 dB up to 60 MHz signal frequency at 400 MS/s. The measured INL and DNL are both less than ±0.6 LSB.

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