scholarly journals Single-Epoch, Single-Frequency Multi-GNSS L5 RTK under High-Elevation Masking

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kan Wang ◽  
Pei Chen ◽  
Peter Teunissen
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Single Epoch

The Japanese Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS) satellite system has placed in orbit four satellites by October 2017. The Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) system has launched the new satellite IRNNSS-11 in April 2018, completing seven operational satellites. Together with the GPS block IIF satellites and the Galileo satellites, four different global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) are providing precise L5 signals on the frequency of 1176.45 MHz. In this contribution, we challenge the strength of the multi-GNSS model by analysing its single-frequency (L5), single-epoch (instantaneous) precise positioning capabilities under high-elevation masking (up to 40 degrees). With more satellites available, multi-GNSS real time kinematic (RTK) positioning is possible using L5-only signals with a high customary elevation mask. This helps to enable positioning in areas with constrained measurement geometry, and could significantly reduce the multipath effects in difficult measurement environments like urban canyons and mountainous areas. In this study, benefiting from the location of the Asia–Australia area, instantaneous multi-GNSS L5 RTK analysis is performed with respect to the ambiguity resolution and positioning performance. Formal results are shown and discussed for baselines located in different grids covering Australia, part of the Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean and Asia, and empirical analysis is given for two baselines in Perth, Australia. Compared to the stand-alone cases, for baselines in Perth, it is shown that combining L5 signals from GPS/Galileo/QZSS/IRNSS significantly improves both the ambiguity success rates (ASR) and the positioning performance under high elevation mask. While the average single-system ASR is under 50% even with a low elevation mask of 10 degrees, combining all the four systems increases the ASR to above 95% under an elevation cut-off angles of 40 degrees. With an elevation mask of 40 degrees, using satellites from one system does not allow for meaningful positioning solutions of more than 8 h within the test day, while mm-to-cm level ambiguity-fixed standard deviations could be obtained based on the positioning results of almost the entire day when combining all the four systems. In addition to that, simulation was also performed for receivers with larger signal standard deviations, i.e., for low-cost receivers or receivers located in environments with larger multipath.

scholarly journals Initial assessment of single- and dual-frequency BDS-3 RTK positioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunbin Yuan ◽  
Xiaolong Mi ◽  
Baocheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Satellite System ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Integer Ambiguity ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Short Baselines ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

AbstractThe BeiDou navigation satellite system with global coverage (BDS-3) has been fully operational since July 2020 and provides comprehensive services to global users. BDS-3 transmits several new navigational signals based on the signals inherited from the BeiDou navigation satellite (regional) system (BDS-2). Previous studies focused on the positioning performance of BDS-2 plus BDS-3 and that of combining BDS-3 and other Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs), but there was no in-depth discussion on the positioning performance of the BDS-3-only. In this contribution, the BDS-3-only Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning is analysed using the data collected in zero and short baselines in Wuhan, China. The RTK model based on Single-Differenced is first presented, and the BDS-3-only RTK positioning in cases of single and dual-frequencies is evaluated with the model in terms of the empirical integer ambiguity resolution success rates and positioning accuracy. Our numerical tests suggest two major findings. First, the positioning performance for the B1I and B3I retained from BDS-2 and the new frequency B1C is comparable, while that for the new frequency B2a is poorer. Second, the positioning performance of the new frequency combination of the B1C + B2a is not as good as that of the B1C only, owing to the unrealistic stochastic model used.

scholarly journals Single-epoch RTK performance assessment of tightly combined BDS-2 and newly complete BDS-3

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanke Liu ◽  
Mingkui Wu ◽  
Xiaohong Zhang ◽  
Wang Wang ◽  
Wei Ke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Ambiguity Resolution ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Short Baseline ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Single Epoch

AbstractThe BeiDou global navigation satellite system (BDS-3) constellation deployment has been completed on June 23, 2020, with a full constellation comprising 30 satellites. In this study, we present the performance assessment of single-epoch Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning with tightly combined BeiDou regional navigation satellite system (BDS-2) and BDS-3. We first investigate whether code and phase Differential Inter-System Biases (DISBs) exist between the legacy B1I/B3I signals of BDS-3/BDS-2. It is discovered that the DISBs are in fact about zero for the baselines with the same or different receiver types at their endpoints. These results imply that BDS-3 and BDS-2 are fully interoperable and can be regarded as one constellation without additional DISBs when the legacy B1I/B3I signals are used for precise relative positioning. Then we preliminarily evaluate the single-epoch short baseline RTK performance of tightly combined BDS-2 and the newly completed BDS-3. The performance is evaluated through ambiguity resolution success rate, ambiguity dilution of precision, as well as positioning accuracy in kinematic and static modes using the datasets collected in Wuhan. Experimental results demonstrate that the current BDS-3 only solutions can deliver comparable ambiguity resolution performance and much better positioning accuracy with respect to BDS-2 only solutions. Moreover, the RTK performance is much improved with tightly combined BDS-3/BDS-2, particularly in challenging or harsh conditions. The single-frequency single-epoch tightly combined BDS-3/BDS-2 solution could deliver an ambiguity resolution success rate of 96.9% even with an elevation cut-off angle of 40°, indicating that the tightly combined BDS-3/BDS-2 could achieve superior RTK positioning performance in the Asia–Pacific region. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional (East/North/Up) positioning accuracy of BDS-3 only solution (0.52 cm/0.39 cm/2.14 cm) in the kinematic test is significantly better than that of the BDS-2 only solution (0.85 cm/1.02 cm/3.01 cm) due to the better geometry of the current BDS-3 constellation. The tightly combined BDS-3/BDS-2 solution can provide the positioning accuracy of 0.52 cm, 0.22 cm, and 1.80 cm, respectively.

scholarly journals Code Single Point Positioning Using Nominal Gnss Constellations (Future Perception)

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
A. Farah
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Single Point Positioning ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Point Positioning ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Code Single Point Positioning Using Nominal Gnss Constellations (Future Perception) Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have an endless number of applications in industry, science, military, transportation and recreation & sports. Two systems are currently in operation namely GPS (the USA Global Positioning System) and GLONASS (the Russian GLObal NAvigation Satellite System), and a third is planned, the European satellite navigation system GALILEO. The potential performance improvements achievable through combining these systems could be significant and expectations are high. The need is inevitable to explore the future of positioning from different nominal constellations. In this research paper, Bernese 5.0 software could be modified to simulate and process GNSS observations from three different constellations (GPS, Glonass and Galileo) using different combinations. This study presents results of code single point positioning for five stations using the three constellations and different combinations.

scholarly journals OBSERVATIONS OF SPACE DEBRIS IN THE VICINITY OF ORBITS OF GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Ivan Korobtsev ◽  
Tatyana Tsukker ◽  
Marina Mishina ◽  
Vladimir Goryashin ◽  
Maxim Eselevich
Keyword(s):  
Space Debris ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Orbital Parameters ◽  
Space Objects ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

The problem of the amount and characteristics of space debris in the vicinity of orbits of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) is of significant interest from the viewpoint of safe operation of these systems. Attempts have repeatedly been made to search for space debris fragments in a given region of orbits, but have not led to cataloging such objects. Only in 2018, eight space objects were discovered which were not related to active or inactive spacecraft or their launch elements. Photometrical and trajectory observations with optical telescopes are practically the only source of information about characteristics of such objects. The paper presents a summary of the design features and technical characteristics of the new AZT-33VM telescope. We describe a technique for determining orbital parameters of non-cataloged space debris from optical measurements. We report the results of photometric observations of a space object, detected in the vicinity of orbits of the Global Navigation Satellite System GLONASS.

scholarly journals Satellite Availability and Service Performance Evaluation for Next-Generation GNSS, RNSS and LEO Augmentation Constellation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3698
Author(s):  
Haomeng Cui ◽  
Shoujian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Satellite System ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Satellite Visibility ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite ◽  
Average Position

Positioning accuracy is affected by the combined effect of user range errors and the geometric distribution of satellites. Dilution of precision (DOP) is defined as the geometric strength of visible satellites. DOP is calculated based on the satellite broadcast or precise ephemerides. However, because the modernization program of next-generation navigation satellite systems is still under construction, there is a lack of real ephemerides to assess the performance of next-generation constellations. Without requiring real ephemerides, we describe a method to estimate satellite visibility and DOP. The improvement of four next-generation Global Navigation Satellite Systems (four-GNSS-NG), compared to the navigation constellations that are currently in operation (four-GNSS), is statistically analyzed. The augmentation of the full constellation the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (7-QZSS) and the Navigation with Indian Constellation (11-NavIC) for regional users and the low Earth orbit (LEO) constellation enhancing four-GNSS performance are also analyzed based on this method. The results indicate that the average number visible satellites of the four-GNSS-NG will reach 44.86, and the average geometry DOP (GDOP) will be 1.19, which is an improvement of 17.3% and 7.8%, respectively. With the augmentation of the 120-satellite mixed-orbit LEO constellation, the multi-GNSS visible satellites will increase by 5 to 8 at all latitudes, while the GDOP will be reduced by 6.2% on average. Adding 7-QZSS and 11-NavIC to the four-GNSS-NG, 37.51 to 71.58 satellites are available on global scales. The average position DOP (PDOP), horizontal DOP (HDOP), vertical DOP (VDOP), and time DOP (TDOP) are reduced to 0.82, 0.46, 0.67 and 0.44, respectively.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF POSITIONING DEVIATION BETWEEN BEIDOU AND GPS BASED ON NATIONAL REFERENCE STATIONS IN CHINA

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B1-2021 ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
M. Chen ◽  
Q. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Satellite System ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Global Coordinate System ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
National Reference ◽  
The North ◽  
Processing Modes

Abstract. In order to probe into the characteristics of positioning deviation between Beidou Navigation Satellite System (Beidou) and global positioning system (GPS), and investigate possible contribution of Beidou data to refinement of global coordinate system, refined calculation is made on observation data of 240 national reference stations that are distributed uniformly across China on the whole in this study. These stations support satellite signals of four global navigation satellite systems, including Beidou, GPS, GLONASS and Galileo, and a 5-year time span from 2016 to 2020 is adopted. In this study, PPP is calculated based on GPS data and Beidou single system data in no-difference resolution network mode, and accurate coordinates of national reference stations in two processing modes are obtained. Analysis of difference between the calculations based on Beidou data and on GPS data shows that the consistency between Beidou and GPS positioning results reaches about 5 mm in the east and in the north, and about 1.3 cm in the height direction.

Double-Difference Carrier-Phase Network Solution Using Nominal Gnss Constellations (Future Perception)

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
A. Farah
Keyword(s):  
Carrier Phase ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
Double Difference ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Network Solution ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Global Navigation ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

Double-Difference Carrier-Phase Network Solution Using Nominal Gnss Constellations (Future Perception)Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have an endless number of applications in industry, science, military, transportation and recreation & sports. Two systems are currently in operation namely GPS (the USA Global Positioning System) and GLONASS (the Russian GLObal NAvigation Satellite System), and a third is planned, the European satellite navigation system GALILEO. The potential performance improvements achievable through combining these systems could be significant and expectations are high. The need is inevitable to explore the future of positioning accuracy using different nominal constellations. In this research paper, Bernese 5.0 software could be modified to simulate and process GNSS observations from three different constellations (GPS, Glonass and Galileo) using different combinations. This study presents results of double-difference carrier-phase solution for five stations-network using the three constellations and different combinations.

GNSS Guidance for All Phases of Flight: Practical Results

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
S. J. Leighton ◽  
A. E. McGregor ◽  
D. Lowe ◽  
A. Wolfe ◽  
A. A. Macaulay
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽  
European Symposium ◽  
Navigation Satellite ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Global Navigation Satellite

This, and the following three papers, were first presented at GNSS 2000, the Third European Symposium on Global Navigation Satellite Systems held in Edinburgh, Scotland from 1st to 4th May 2000.GNSS, or more specifically, Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS), guidance provides the prospect of a low-cost means for aircraft to become equipped to fly area navigation (RNAV) operations. The implementation of such RNAV operations within UK airspace offers potential benefits to both the airline operators and the Air Traffic Service Providers (ATSPs).

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