scholarly journals Integration of a Mobile Node into a Hybrid Wireless Sensor Network for Urban Environments

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Socarrás Bertiz ◽  
Juan Jesús Fernández Lozano ◽  
Jose Antonio Gomez-Ruiz ◽  
Alfonso García-Cerezo
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Intelligent Vehicles ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Machine Interface

Robots, or in general, intelligent vehicles, require large amounts of data to adapt their behavior to the environment and achieve their goals. When their missions take place in large areas, using additional information to that gathered by the onboard sensors frequently offers a more efficient solution of the problem. The emergence of Cyber-Physical Systems and Cloud computing allows this approach, but integration of sensory information, and its effective availability for the robots or vehicles is challenging. This paper addresses the development and implementation of a modular mobile node of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), designed to be mounted onboard vehicles, and capable of using different sensors according to mission needs. The mobile node is integrated with an existing static network, transforming it into a Hybrid Wireless Sensor Network (H-WSN), and adding flexibility and range to it. The integration is achieved without the need for multi-hop routing. A database holds the data acquired by both mobile and static nodes, allowing access in real-time to the gathered information. A Human–Machine Interface (HMI) presents this information to users. Finally, the system is tested in real urban scenarios in a use-case of measurement of gas levels.

scholarly journals Development and Implementation of a Hybrid Wireless Sensor Network of Low Power and Long Range for Urban Environments

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Juan Bravo-Arrabal ◽  
J. J. Fernandez-Lozano ◽  
Javier Serón ◽  
Jose Antonio Gomez-Ruiz ◽  
Alfonso García-Cerezo
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Hybrid Architecture ◽  
Web Mapping

The urban population, worldwide, is growing exponentially and with it the demand for information on pollution levels, vehicle traffic, or available parking, giving rise to citizens connected to their environment. This article presents an experimental long range (LoRa) and low power consumption network, with a combination of static and mobile wireless sensors (hybrid architecture) to tune and validate concentrator placement, to obtain a large coverage in an urban environment. A mobile node has been used, carrying a gateway and various sensors. The Activation By Personalization (ABP) mode has been used, justified for urban applications requiring multicasting. This allows to compare the coverage of each static gateway, being able to make practical decisions about its location. With this methodology, it has been possible to provide service to the city of Malaga, through a single concentrator node. The information acquired is synchronized in an external database, to monitor the data in real time, being able to geolocate the dataframes through web mapping services. This work presents the development and implementation of a hybrid wireless sensor network of long range and low power, configured and tuned to achieve efficient performance in a mid-size city, and tested in experiments in a real urban environment.

scholarly journals A NOVEL APPROACH OF CLUSTERING FOR ENHANCED LIFETIME IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 7031-7039
Author(s):  
Chamanpreet Kaur ◽  
Vikramjit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Separation Distance ◽  
Residual Energy ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Wireless Sensor

Wireless sensor network has revolutionized the way computing and software services are delivered to the clients on demand. Our research work proposed a new method for cluster head selection having less computational complexity. It was also found that the modified approach has improved performance to that of the other clustering approaches. The cluster head election mechanism will include various parameters like maximum residual energy of a node, minimum separation distance and minimum distance to the mobile node. Each CH will create a TDMA schedule for the member nodes to transmit the data. Nodes will have various level of power for signal amplification. The three levels of power are used for amplifying the signal. As the member node will send only its own data to the cluster head, the power level of the member node is set to low. The cluster head will send the data of the whole cluster to the mobile node, therefore the power level of the cluster head is set to medium. High power level is used for mobile node which will send the data of the complete sector to the base station. Using low energy level for intra cluster transmissions (within the cluster) with respect to cluster head to mobile node transmission leads in saving much amount of energy. Moreover, multi-power levels also reduce the packet drop ratio, collisions and/ or interference for other signals. It was found that the proposed algorithm gives a much improved network lifetime as compared to existing work. Based on our model, multiple experiments have been conducted using different values of initial energy.

A Comparative Study of Range-Free and Range-Based Localization Protocols for Wireless Sensor Network

2020 ◽  
pp. 1522-1537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essa Qasem Shahra ◽  
Tarek Rahil Sheltami ◽  
Elhadi M. Shakshuki
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Localization Algorithms ◽  
Anchor Nodes ◽  
Routing Tables ◽  
Range Free

Wireless Sensor Network is deployed in many fields including military operations, mechanical applications, human services, smart homes, etc. However, deploying WSN encounters many challenges. One of the challenges is localizing the node position, especially mobile targets in critical situations. In this paper, the authors compare two types from range-free localization algorithms and one type from range-based algorithms, namely: Received Signal Strength (RSS), Centroid, and Distance Vector Hop (DV-Hops) protocols, using Cooja simulator. RSS localization algorithms require determining values of the RSS from the anchor nodes around the mobile node, to calculate the distance between the unknown mobile and the first three anchor nodes in the mobile range. The centroid localization requires only three anchors to compute the location of the mobile sensor without the need for distance measuring. Lastly, the DV-Hop algorithm uses routing tables of each anchor in the network topology to compute the Average Distance of Hops. The results show that rang-based algorithms are more accurate than range-free.

scholarly journals A Hierarchical Voting Based Mixed Filter Localization Method for Wireless Sensor Network in Mixed LOS/NLOS Environments

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 2348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Jinquan Hang ◽  
Long Cheng ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Xin Song
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Unscented Kalman Filter ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Mobile Node ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Localization Method

In recent years, the rapid development of microelectronics, wireless communications, and electro-mechanical systems has occurred. The wireless sensor network (WSN) has been widely used in many applications. The localization of a mobile node is one of the key technologies for WSN. Among the factors that would affect the accuracy of mobile localization, non-line of sight (NLOS) propagation caused by a complicated environment plays a vital role. In this paper, we present a hierarchical voting based mixed filter (HVMF) localization method for a mobile node in a mixed line of sight (LOS) and NLOS environment. We firstly propose a condition detection and distance correction algorithm based on hierarchical voting. Then, a mixed square root unscented Kalman filter (SRUKF) and a particle filter (PF) are used to filter the larger measurement error. Finally, the filtered results are subjected to convex optimization and the maximum likelihood estimation to estimate the position of the mobile node. The proposed method does not require prior information about the statistical properties of the NLOS errors and operates in a 2D scenario. It can be applied to time of arrival (TOA), time difference of arrival (TDOA), received signal (RSS), and other measurement methods. The simulation results show that the HVMF algorithm can efficiently reduce the effect of NLOS errors and can achieve higher localization accuracy than the Kalman filter and PF. The proposed algorithm is robust to the NLOS errors.

scholarly journals A wireless sensor network for high-tech agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-270
Author(s):  
Nhan Chi Nguyen ◽  
Hoang Huy Nguyen ◽  
Tuan Ngoc Pham
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Area Network

This paper presents the design of wireless sensor network (WSN) based on low-power wide area network technology for high-tech agriculture. This WSN allows the farmer to collect data such as air temperature, air humidity, soil moisture. The WSN system consists of components: 02 wireless sensor nodes, 01 gateway, 01 cloud server and smartphone app. This WSN tested for data transmission in two zones: zone 1 (dense urban environments) at a distance of 500m and zone 2 (urban environments - less obstacles) at a distance of 1,500m and 1,700m. The data collected at different times of the day and updated every 15 minutes. The results show that the wireless sensor network system operates stably, data constantly updated to LoRa Server and there was not data packet loss. The power consumption of sensor node and gateway determined in three operating modes: transmitting, receiving, turn-off. This shows the advantages of LoRa technology in the development of wireless sensor network which is the distance of data transmission distance and low power consumption. Besides this WSN also tested in the net house of aquaponics of the Research Center for High-tech Application in Agriculture (RCHAA), University of Science, Vietnam National University-HCM. The results show that the WSN system is working reliably and promising which brings significantly benefits to smart agriculture as aquaponics, clean vegetable farms, aquaculture farms…

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