scholarly journals Non-Destructive Trace Detection of Explosives Using Pushbroom Scanning Hyperspectral Imaging System

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth Chaudhary ◽  
Sarawut Ninsawat ◽  
Tai Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Hyperspectral Image ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Trace Detection ◽  
Svm Model ◽  
Detection Of Explosives ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Hyperspectral Sensor

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of the non-destructive hyperspectral imaging system (HSI) and accuracy of the model developed using Support Vector Machine (SVM) for determining trace detection of explosives. Raman spectroscopy has been used in similar studies, but no study has been published which is based on measurement of reflectance from hyperspectral sensor for trace detection of explosives. HSI used in this study has an advantage over existing techniques due to its combination of imaging system and spectroscopy, along with being contactless and non-destructive in nature. Hyperspectral images of the chemical were collected using the BaySpec hyperspectral sensor which operated in the spectral range of 400–1000 nm (144 bands). Image processing was applied on the acquired hyperspectral image to select the region of interest (ROI) and to extract the spectral reflectance of the chemicals which were stored as spectral library. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and first derivative was applied to reduce the high dimensionality of the image and to determine the optimal wavelengths between 400 and 1000 nm. In total, 22 out of 144 wavelengths were selected by analysing the loadings of principal components (PC). SVM was used to develop the classification model. SVM model established on the whole spectrum from 400 to 1000 nm achieved an accuracy of 81.11%, whereas an accuracy of 77.17% with less computational load was achieved when SVM model was established on the optimal wavelengths selected. The results of the study demonstrate that the hyperspectral imaging system along with SVM is a promising tool for trace detection of explosives.

scholarly journals NIR Hyperspectral Imaging Technology Combined with Multivariate Methods to Study the Residues of Different Concentrations of Omethoate on Wheat Grain Surface

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Zhang ◽  
Zhenhong Rao ◽  
Haiyan Ji
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Hyperspectral Image ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Multivariate Methods ◽  
Model Combination ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Svm Model ◽  
Wheat Kernels

In this study, a hyperspectral imaging system of 866.4–1701.0 nm was selected and combined with multivariate methods to identify wheat kernels with different concentrations of omethoate on the surface. In order to obtain the optimal model combination, three preprocessing methods (standard normal variate (SNV), Savitzky–Golay first derivative (SG1), and multivariate scatter correction (MSC)), three feature extraction algorithms (successive projections algorithm (SPA), random frog (RF), and neighborhood component analysis (NCA)), and three classifier models (decision tree (DT), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), and support vector machine (SVM)) were applied to make a comparison. Firstly, based on the full wavelengths modeling analysis, it was found that the spectral data after MSC processing performed best in the three classifier models. Secondly, three feature extraction algorithms were used to extract the feature wavelength of MSC processed data and based on feature wavelengths modeling analysis. As a result, the MSC–NCA–SVM model performed best and was selected as the best model. Finally, in order to verify the reliability of the selected model, the hyperspectral image was substituted into the MSC–NCA–SVM model and the object-wise method was used to visualize the image classification. The overall classification accuracy of the four types of wheat kernels reached 98.75%, which indicates that the selected model is reliable.

Quantitative Analysis of Cadmium Content in Tomato Leaves Based on Hyperspectral Image and Feature Selection

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 789-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuechun Zhang ◽  
Jun Sun ◽  
Junyan Li ◽  
Xiaohong Wu ◽  
Chunmei Dai
Keyword(s):  
Feature Selection ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Hyperspectral Image ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Hyperspectral Images ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Variable Combination ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract.In order to ensure that safe and healthy tomatoes can be provided to people, a method for quantitative determination of cadmium content in tomato leaves based on hyperspectral imaging technology was put forward in this study. Tomato leaves with seven cadmium stress gradients were studied. Hyperspectral images of all samples were firstly acquired by the hyperspectral imaging system, then the spectral data were extracted from the hyperspectral images. To simplify the model, three algorithms of competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), variable combination population analysis (VCPA) and bootstrapping soft shrinkage (BOSS) were used to select the feature wavelengths ranging from 431 to 962 nm. Final results showed that BOSS can improve prediction performance and greatly reduce features when compared with the other two selection methods. The BOSS model got the best accuracy in calibration and prediction with R2c of 0.9907 and RMSEC of 0.4257mg/kg, R2p of 0.9821, and RMSEP of 0.6461 mg/kg. Hence, the method of hyperspectral technology combined with the BOSS feature selection is feasible for detecting the cadmium content of tomato leaves, which can potentially provide a new method and thought for cadmium content detection of other crops. Keywords: Feature selection, Hyperspectral image technology, Non-destructive analysis, Regression model, Tomato leaves.

scholarly journals Detection of Sulfite Dioxide Residue on the Surface of Fresh-Cut Potato Slices Using Near-Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging System and Portable Near-Infrared Spectrometer

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiulin Bai ◽  
Qinlin Xiao ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Yu Tang ◽  
Yong He
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Model ◽  
Fresh Cut ◽  
Potato Slices

Sodium pyrosulfite is a browning inhibitor used for the storage of fresh-cut potato slices. Excessive use of sodium pyrosulfite can lead to sulfur dioxide residue, which is harmful for the human body. The sulfur dioxide residue on the surface of fresh-cut potato slices immersed in different concentrations of sodium pyrosulfite solution was classified by near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) system and portable near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer. Principal component analysis was used to analyze the object-wise spectra, and support vector machine (SVM) model was established. The classification accuracy of calibration set and prediction set were 98.75% and 95%, respectively. Savitzky–Golay algorithm was used to recognize the important wavelengths, and SVM model was established based on the recognized important wavelengths. The final classification accuracy was slightly less than that based on the full spectra. In addition, the pixel-wise spectra extracted from NIR-HSI system could realize the visualization of different samples, and intuitively reflect the differences among the samples. The results showed that it was feasible to classify the sulfur dioxide residue on the surface of fresh-cut potato slices immersed in different concentration of sodium pyrosulfite solution by NIR spectra. It provided an alternative method for the detection of sulfur dioxide residue on the surface of fresh-cut potato slices.

scholarly journals Non-Destructive Detection Pilot Study of Vegetable Organic Residues Using VNIR Hyperspectral Imaging and Deep Learning Techniques

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2899
Author(s):  
Youngwook Seo ◽  
Giyoung Kim ◽  
Jongguk Lim ◽  
Ahyeong Lee ◽  
Balgeum Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
Non Destructive

Contamination is a critical issue that affects food consumption adversely. Therefore, efficient detection and classification of food contaminants are essential to ensure food safety. This study applied a visible and near-infrared (VNIR) hyperspectral imaging technique to detect and classify organic residues on the metallic surfaces of food processing machinery. The experimental analysis was performed by diluting both potato and spinach juices to six different concentration levels using distilled water. The 3D hypercube data were acquired in the range of 400–1000 nm using a line-scan VNIR hyperspectral imaging system. Each diluted residue in the spectral domain was detected and classified using six classification methods, including a 1D convolutional neural network (CNN-1D) and five pre-processing methods. Among them, CNN-1D exhibited the highest classification accuracy, with a 0.99 and 0.98 calibration result and a 0.94 validation result for both spinach and potato residues. Therefore, in comparison with the validation accuracy of the support vector machine classifier (0.9 and 0.92 for spinach and potato, respectively), the CNN-1D technique demonstrated improved performance. Hence, the VNIR hyperspectral imaging technique with deep learning can potentially afford rapid and non-destructive detection and classification of organic residues in food facilities.

Hyperspectral Imaging for Tomato Bruising Damage Assessment of Simulated Harvesting Process Impact Using Wavelength Interval Selection and Multivariate Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-547
Author(s):  
Jinshi Cui ◽  
Myongkyoon Yang ◽  
Daesik Son ◽  
Seong-In Cho ◽  
Ghiseok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Wavelength Selection ◽  
Internal Damage ◽  
Discrimination Analysis ◽  
Interval Selection ◽  
Non Destructive

Highlights The hidden internal damage of falling impact on tomatoes will reduce the quality of products. Hyperspectral imaging and VIS/NIR spectrum analysis, including wavelength selection and classification model construction, have the possibility as a non-destructive and fast method to predict the effect of drop impact grades on tomato bruising damage. Abstract . Mechanical damage usually causes hidden internal damage to tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.), which can reduce the product quality and can cause economic losses to farmers. The visible and near-infrared (VIS/NIR) spectra of tomato fruits were analyzed by using the wavelength selection algorithm (the combination of ant colony optimization and variable importance in projection), and the influence of impact grades of simulated transport on tomato fruit bruising was evaluated. A VIS/NIR hyperspectral imaging system was developed to capture hyperspectral images of tomatoes from 392–1034 nm spectral region and the part used in actual data analysis was 442-984 nm. Multivariate analysis classifier models (partial least squares discrimination analysis and ANN) were set up based on the original spectral dataset. On the basis of selected wavelength intervals, multivariate analysis classifier models were re-established. The overall classification accuracies of all models in the validation set are good, ranging from 64.29% to 100%. Especially in the two types of classification (bruising and normal), the range of correct accuracy is 89.29% to 100%, which shows very high predicted performance. The prediction performance of the model based on the selected wavelengths decreases slightly, but the prediction time is shortened by more than 70%. The results demonstrated that hyperspectral imaging and VIS/NIR spectrum analysis, including wavelength selection and classification model construction, have the possibility as a non-destructive and fast method to predict the effect of drop impact grades on tomato bruising damage. Keywords: ANN, Ant colony optimization (ACO), Partial least squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA), Variable importance in projection (VIP), VIS/NIR hyperspectral imaging system, wavelength interval selection.

scholarly journals Remote Hyperspectral Imaging Acquisition and Characterization for Marine Litter Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 2536
Author(s):  
Sara Freitas ◽  
Hugo Silva ◽  
Eduardo Silva
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Hyperspectral Image ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

This paper addresses the development of a remote hyperspectral imaging system for detection and characterization of marine litter concentrations in an oceanic environment. The work performed in this paper is the following: (i) an in-situ characterization was conducted in an outdoor laboratory environment with the hyperspectral imaging system to obtain the spatial and spectral response of a batch of marine litter samples; (ii) a real dataset hyperspectral image acquisition was performed using manned and unmanned aerial platforms, of artificial targets composed of the material analyzed in the laboratory; (iii) comparison of the results (spatial and spectral response) obtained in laboratory conditions with the remote observation data acquired during the dataset flights; (iv) implementation of two different supervised machine learning methods, namely Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machines (SVM), for marine litter artificial target detection based on previous training. Obtained results show a marine litter automated detection capability with a 70–80% precision rate of detection in all three targets, compared to ground-truth pixels, as well as recall rates over 50%.

Detection of the Freshness State of Cooked Beef During Storage Using Hyperspectral Imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 2286-2301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Yang ◽  
Dandan He ◽  
Anxiang Lu ◽  
Dong Ren ◽  
Jihua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Svm Classification ◽  
Svm Model

The freshness of meat products during storage has received unprecedented attention. This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of a hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technique to determine the freshness state of cooked beef during storage and identify the contaminated areas on the surface of spoiled samples. Hyperspectral images of cooked beef were acquired in the wavelength range of 400–1000 nm and the freshness state of all samples was divided into three classes (freshness, medium freshness, and spoilage) using the measured total viable count (TVC) of bacteria. Fifteen feature spectra variables were extracted by random frog (RF); based on this, six optimal wavelength variables were further selected by correlation analysis (CA). Partial least squares (PLS) and least squares–support vector machine (LS-SVM) classification models were established using different spectral variables. The results indicated that the performance of the RF-CA-LS-SVM classification model with a high overall classification accuracy of 97.14%, the results of sensitivity and specificity in the range of 0.92–1, and the κ coefficient of 0.9575 in the prediction set were obviously superior to other models. Spoiled samples were further obtained using a RF-CA-LS-SVM model, and then six feature images were extracted and further fused by principal component analysis (PCA). A PC3 image was used to segment successfully the contaminated areas from normal areas of cooked beef images using the Otsu threshold algorithm. The results demonstrated that HSI has great potential in classifying the freshness of cooked beef and identifying the contaminated areas. This current study provides a foundational basis for the classification and grading of meat production in further online detection.

scholarly journals Forensic analysis of beverage stains using hyperspectral imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Binu Melit Devassy ◽  
Sony George
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Data Dimensionality Reduction ◽  
Gradient Based

AbstractDocumentation and analysis of crime scene evidences are of great importance in any forensic investigation. In this paper, we present the potential of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) to detect and analyze the beverage stains on a paper towel. To detect the presence and predict the age of the commonly used drinks in a crime scene, we leveraged the additional information present in the HSI data. We used 12 different beverages and four types of paper hand towel to create the sample stains in the current study. A support vector machine (SVM) is used to achieve the classification, and a convolutional auto-encoder is used to achieve HSI data dimensionality reduction, which helps in easy perception, process, and visualization of the data. The SVM classification model was re-established for a lighter and quicker classification model on the basis of the reduced dimension. We employed volume-gradient-based band selection for the identification of relevant spectral bands in the HSI data. Spectral data recorded at different time intervals up to 72 h is analyzed to trace the spectral changes. The results show the efficacy of the HSI techniques for rapid, non-contact, and non-invasive analysis of beverage stains.

scholarly journals Cancer Discrimination Using Fourier Transform Near-Infrared Spectroscopy with Chemometric Models

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Chen ◽  
Zan Lin ◽  
Chao Tan
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Biomedical Analysis ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Svm Model ◽  
High Prediction

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technique offers many potential advantages as tool for biomedical analysis since it enables the subtle biochemical signatures related to pathology to be detected and extracted. In conjunction with advanced chemometrics, NIR spectroscopy opens the possibility of their use in cancer diagnosis. The study focuses on the application of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and classification models for discriminating colorectal cancer. A total of 107 surgical specimens and a corresponding NIR diffuse reflection spectral dataset were prepared. Three preprocessing methods were attempted and least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) was used to build a classification model. The hybrid preprocessing of first derivative and principal component analysis (PCA) resulted in the best LS-SVM model with the sensitivity and specificity of 0.96 and 0.96 for the training and 0.94 and 0.96 for test sets, respectively. The similarity performance on both subsets indicated that overfitting did not occur, assuring the robustness and reliability of the developed LS-SVM model. The area of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.99, demonstrating once again the high prediction power of the model. The result confirms the applicability of the combination of NIR spectroscopy, LS-SVM, PCA, and first derivative preprocessing for cancer diagnosis.

scholarly journals Vis/NIR hyperspectral imaging for detection of hidden bruises on kiwifruits

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 595-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Lü ◽  
M.-j. Tang ◽  
J.-r. Cai ◽  
J.-w. Zhao ◽  
S. Vittayapadung
Keyword(s):  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Hyperspectral Image ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Hyperspectral Image Data ◽  
Multispectral Detection ◽  
Non Destructive

It is necessary to develop a non-destructive technique for kiwifruit quality analysis because the machine injury could lower the quality of fruit and incur economic losses. Bruises are not visible externally owing to the special physical properties of kiwifruit peel.We proposed the hyperspectral imaging technique to inspect the hidden bruises on kiwifruit. The Vis/NIR (408–1117 nm) hyperspectral image data was collected. Multiple optimal wavelength (682, 723, 744, 810, and 852 nm) images were obtained using principal component analysis on the high dimension spectral image data (wavelength range from 600 nm to 900 nm). The bruise regions were extracted from the component images of the five waveband images using RBF-SVM classification. The experimental results showed that the error of hidden bruises detection on fruits by means of hyperspectral imaging was 12.5%. It was concluded that the multiple optimal waveband images could be used to constructs a multispectral detection system for hidden bruises on kiwifruits.

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