scholarly journals Adaptable and Automated Small UAV Deployments via Virtualization

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja Nogales ◽  
Victor Sanchez-Aguero ◽  
Ivan Vidal ◽  
Francisco Valera
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Small Uav ◽  
Functional Prototype ◽  
Practical Feasibility

In this paper, we present a practical solution to support the adaptable and automated deployment of applications of Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (SUAVs). Our solution is based on virtualization technologies, and considers SUAVs as programmable network platforms capable of executing virtual functions and services, which may be dynamically selected according to the requirements specified by the operator of the aerial vehicles. This way, SUAVs can be flexibly and rapidly adapted to different missions with heterogeneous objectives. The design of our solution is based on Network Function Virtualization (NFV) technologies, developed under the umbrella of the fifth generation of mobile networks (5G), as well as on existing Internet protocol standards, including flying ad hoc network routing protocols. We implemented a functional prototype of our solution using well-known open source technologies, and we demonstrated its practical feasibility with the execution of an IP telephony service. This service was implemented as a set of virtualized network functions, which were automatically deployed and interconnected over an infrastructure of SUAVs, being the telephony service tested with real voice-over-IP terminals.

scholarly journals Enabling the Orchestration of IoT Slices through Edge and Cloud Microservice Platforms

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 2980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernandez ◽  
Vidal ◽  
Valera
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Network Slicing ◽  
Functional Perspective ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Functional Prototype ◽  
Practical Feasibility

This article addresses one of the main challenges related to the practical deployment of Internet of Things (IoT) solutions: the coordinated operation of entities at different infrastructures to support the automated orchestration of end-to-end Internet of Things services. This idea is referred to as “Internet of Things slicing” and is based on the network slicing concept already defined for the Fifth Generation (5G) of mobile networks. In this context, we present the architectural design of a slice orchestrator addressing the aforementioned challenge, based on well-known standard technologies and protocols. The proposed solution is able to integrate existing technologies, like cloud computing, with other more recent technologies like edge computing and network slicing. In addition, a functional prototype of the proposed orchestrator has been implemented, using open-source software and microservice platforms. As a first step to prove the practical feasibility of our solution, the implementation of the orchestrator considers cloud and edge domains. The validation results obtained from the prototype prove the feasibility of the solution from a functional perspective, verifying its capacity to deploy Internet of Things related functions even on resource constrained platforms. This approach enables new application models where these Internet of Things related functions can be onboarded on small unmanned aerial vehicles, offering a flexible and cost-effective solution to deploy these functions at the network edge. In addition, this proposal can also be used on commercial cloud platforms, like the Google Compute Engine, showing that it can take advantage of the benefits of edge and cloud computing respectively.

scholarly journals Using Aerial and Vehicular NFV Infrastructures to Agilely Create Vertical Services

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1342
Author(s):  
Borja Nogales ◽  
Miguel Silva ◽  
Ivan Vidal ◽  
Miguel Luís ◽  
Francisco Valera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Network Services ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Mobile Environments ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
The Public ◽  
Network Function ◽  
And Performance

5G communications have become an enabler for the creation of new and more complex networking scenarios, bringing together different vertical ecosystems. Such behavior has been fostered by the network function virtualization (NFV) concept, where the orchestration and virtualization capabilities allow the possibility of dynamically supplying network resources according to its needs. Nevertheless, the integration and performance of heterogeneous network environments, each one supported by a different provider, and with specific characteristics and requirements, in a single NFV framework is not straightforward. In this work we propose an NFV-based framework capable of supporting the flexible, cost-effective deployment of vertical services, through the integration of two distinguished mobile environments and their networks: small sized unmanned aerial vehicles (SUAVs), supporting a flying ad hoc network (FANET) and vehicles, promoting a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET). In this context, a use case involving the public safety vertical will be used as an illustrative example to showcase the potential of this framework. This work also includes the technical implementation details of the framework proposed, allowing to analyse and discuss the delays on the network services deployment process. The results show that the deployment times can be significantly reduced through a distributed VNF configuration function based on the publish–subscribe model.

Exploring SDN & NFV in 5G Using ONOS & POX Controllers

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Bouras ◽  
Anastasia Kollia ◽  
Andreas Papazois
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Central Office ◽  
Software Defined Networking ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Cloud Networking ◽  
Experimental Findings

This article describes how novel functionalities will take advantage of the cloud networking and will gradually replace the existing infrastructure of mobile networks with a virtualized one. Two technologies, namely software defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV), offer their important benefits and a combination of them is an answer to the demands raised, such as central office re-architected as a data center (CORD). Open network operating system (ONOS) and POX are SDN controllers and offer an option to combine SDN and NFV addressing many ongoing problems in the field of mobile networks. In this paper, technologies and both controllers are compared and contrasted. Indicative cases of topologies are simulated and help evaluating both controllers. According to the experimental findings, ONOS is one of the most important controllers for practical, theoretical, research and educational purposes, while POX is a useful and simpler controller for other educative applications.

scholarly journals Securing Virtual Network Function (VNF) in Telco Cloud

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharathkumar Ravichandran
Keyword(s):  
General Purpose ◽  
Virtual Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
5G Network ◽  
Network Functions ◽  
Computing Platforms

In the fifth generation mobile communication architecture (5G), network functions which traditionally existed as discrete hardware entities based on custom architectures, are replaced with dynamic, scalable Virtual Network Functions (VNF) that run on general purpose (x86) cloud computing platforms, under the paradigm Network Function Virtualization (NFV). The shift towards a virtualized infrastructure poses its own set of security challenges that need to be addressed. One such challenge that we seek to address in this paper is providing integrity, authenticity and confidentiality protection for VNFs.

scholarly journals A Scalable Architecture for the Dynamic Deployment of Multimodal Learning Analytics Applications in Smart Classrooms

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2923
Author(s):  
Alberto Huertas Celdrán ◽  
José A. Ruipérez-Valiente ◽  
Félix J. García Clemente ◽  
María Jesús Rodríguez-Triana ◽  
Shashi Kant Shankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning Analytics ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Multimodal Learning ◽  
Network Function ◽  
The Future ◽  
Multimodal Learning Analytics ◽  
Smart Classrooms

The smart classrooms of the future will use different software, devices and wearables as an integral part of the learning process. These educational applications generate a large amount of data from different sources. The area of Multimodal Learning Analytics (MMLA) explores the affordances of processing these heterogeneous data to understand and improve both learning and the context where it occurs. However, a review of different MMLA studies highlighted that ad-hoc and rigid architectures cannot be scaled up to real contexts. In this work, we propose a novel MMLA architecture that builds on software-defined networks and network function virtualization principles. We exemplify how this architecture can solve some of the detected challenges to deploy, dismantle and reconfigure the MMLA applications in a scalable way. Additionally, through some experiments, we demonstrate the feasibility and performance of our architecture when different classroom devices are reconfigured with diverse learning tools. These findings and the proposed architecture can be useful for other researchers in the area of MMLA and educational technologies envisioning the future of smart classrooms. Future work should aim to deploy this architecture in real educational scenarios with MMLA applications.

scholarly journals Network Slicing to Enable Resilience and High Availability in 5G Mobile Telecommunications

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 03028
Author(s):  
Qi He ◽  
Yunxia Ju ◽  
Jianguo Wang ◽  
Gang Zhao ◽  
Haiyong Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smart Grids ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Software Defined Networks ◽  
Network Slicing ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Personalized Services ◽  
Health Applications ◽  
Open Issues

In the upcoming fifth-generation (5G) ecosystem, the delivery of a variety of personalized services is envisioned. With the development of software-defined networks and network function virtualization technologies, networks display increasingly flexible features, such as programmability. Network slicing is a state-of-the-art technology that provides services tailored to the specific demands of users, such as smart grids and e-health applications. In this article, we introduce the network slicing concept and its application and discuss related work. In addition, we propose an architecture for network slicing by combining software-defined networks and network function virtualization technologies. Finally, we note important challenges and open issues in the development and application of these technologies.

scholarly journals C-RAN Traffic Aggregation on Latency-Controlled Ethernet Links

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Tonini ◽  
Bahare Khorsandi ◽  
Steinar Bjornstad ◽  
Raimena Veisllari ◽  
Carla Raffaelli
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Access Networks ◽  
Hybrid Network ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Available Bandwidth ◽  
Optical Links ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Radio Access ◽  
Joint Application

Centralized/Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN) are deployed in converged fixed-mobile networks to exploit the flexibility coming from joint application of Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking (SDN). In this context, optical links connecting C-RAN nodes, possibly based on the Ethernet standards, may carry traffic with different requirements in terms of latency and throughput. This paper considers the problem of traffic aggregation on C-RAN optical Ethernet links with latency control for fronthaul traffic and throughput capability for backhaul traffic. Integrated hybrid network technique is applied to show how time transparency can be enforced for Ethernet encapsulated Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) traffic while allowing statistical multiplexing of backhaul traffic. Simulation results show the effectiveness of segmentation of backhaul traffic to allow exploitation of the available bandwidth even with high capacity CPRI options.

Exploring SDN & NFV in 5G Using ONOS & POX Controllers

2021 ◽  
pp. 187-203
Author(s):  
Christos Bouras ◽  
Anastasia Kollia ◽  
Andreas Papazois
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Central Office ◽  
Software Defined Networking ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Cloud Networking ◽  
Experimental Findings

This article describes how novel functionalities will take advantage of the cloud networking and will gradually replace the existing infrastructure of mobile networks with a virtualized one. Two technologies, namely software defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV), offer their important benefits and a combination of them is an answer to the demands raised, such as central office re-architected as a data center (CORD). Open network operating system (ONOS) and POX are SDN controllers and offer an option to combine SDN and NFV addressing many ongoing problems in the field of mobile networks. In this paper, technologies and both controllers are compared and contrasted. Indicative cases of topologies are simulated and help evaluating both controllers. According to the experimental findings, ONOS is one of the most important controllers for practical, theoretical, research and educational purposes, while POX is a useful and simpler controller for other educative applications.

scholarly journals A Multi-Provider End-to-End Dynamic Orchestration Architecture Approach for 5G and Future Communication Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11914
Author(s):  
José Olimpio Rodrigues Batista ◽  
Douglas Chagas da Silva ◽  
Moacyr Martucci ◽  
Regina Melo Silveira ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Cugnasca
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Network Function ◽  
End To End ◽  
Horizontal Handover

Network segregation is the solution adopted in the IMT-2020 standardization of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), better known as 5G networks (Fifth Generation Mobile Networks), under development to meet the requirements of performance, reliability, energy, and economic efficiency required by applications in the various verticals of current and near-future economic activities. The philosophy adopted for the IMT-2020 standardization relies on the use of Software-Defined Networking (SDN), Network Function Virtualization (NFV), and Software-Defined Radio (SDR), i.e., the softwarization of the network. Softwarization allows network segregation through its slicing, which is discussed herein this work. Network slicing is performed by a novel Orchestrator, as provided in IMT-2020, which maintains the end-to-end network slices independent of each other and performs horizontal handover when the possibility of a loss of Quality of Service (QoS) is predictively detected by monitoring quality parameters during operation. Therefore, the Orchestrator is dynamic, operates in uptime, and allows horizontal handover. Hence, it chooses the most appropriate telecommunication infrastructure provider and network operator to guarantee QoS and Quality of Experience (QoE) to end-users in each network segment. These features make this work modern and keep it aligned with the actions being carried out by ITU. Based on this objective, as the main result of this paper, we propose an effective architecture for implementing the Orchestrator, not only to contribute to the state of the art for 5G and beyond communication systems but also to generate economic, technological, and social impacts.

scholarly journals C-RAN Traffic Aggregation on Latency-controlled Ethernet links

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Tonini ◽  
Bahare Masood Khorsandi ◽  
Steinar Bjornstad ◽  
Raimena Veisllari ◽  
Carla Raffaelli
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Access Networks ◽  
Network Function Virtualization ◽  
Available Bandwidth ◽  
Optical Links ◽  
Network Function ◽  
Radio Access ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Simulation Results

Centralized/Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RAN) are deployed in converged fixed-mobile networks to exploit the flexibility coming from joint application of Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking (SDN). In this context, optical links connecting C-RAN nodes, possibly based on the Ethernet standards, may carry traffic with different requirements in terms of latency and throughput. This paper considers the problem of traffic aggregation on C-RAN optical Ethernet links with latency control for fronthaul traffic and throughput capability for backhaul traffic. Integrated hybrid nework technique is applied to show how time transparency can be enforced for Ethernet encapsulated Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) traffic while allowing statistical multiplexing of backhaul traffic. Simulation results show the effectiveness of segmentation of backhaul traffic to allow exploitation of the available bandwidth even with high capacity CPRI options.

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