scholarly journals A Low-Cost Resource Re-Allocation Scheme for Increasing the Number of Guaranteed Services in Resource-Limited Vehicular Networks

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Meng ◽  
Yuan Dong ◽  
Chunling Wu ◽  
Xinyi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Optimization ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Optimization Theory ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Guaranteed Services

Vehicular networks are becoming increasingly dense due to expanding wireless services and platooning has been regarded as a promising technology to improve road capacity and on-road safety. Constrained by limited resources, not all communication links in platoons can be allocated to the resources without suffering interference. To guarantee the quality of service, it is required to determine the set of served services at which the scale of demand exceeds the capability of the network. To increase the number of guaranteed services, the resource allocation has to be adjusted to adapt to the dynamic environment of the vehicular network. However, resource re-allocation results in additional costs, including signal overhead and latency. To increase the number of guaranteed services at a low-cost in a resource-limited vehicular network, we propose a time dynamic optimization method that constrains the network re-allocation rate. To decrease the computational complexity, the time dynamic optimization problem is converted into a deterministic optimization problem using the Lyapunov optimization theory. The simulation indicates that the analytical results do approximate the reality, and that the proposed scheme results in a higher number of guaranteed services as compared to the results of a similar algorithm.

scholarly journals Optimizing Resource Allocation for 6G NOMA-enabled Cooperative Vehicular Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zain Ali ◽  
Wali Ullah Khan ◽  
Asim Ihsan ◽  
Omer Waqar ◽  
Guftaar Ahmad Sardar Sidhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Allocation ◽  
Channel Assignment ◽  
Interference Cancellation ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Battery Lifetime ◽  
Optimization Framework ◽  
Dual Variables ◽  
Optimization Schemes

This paper proposes a new optimization framework for NOMA-enabled cooperative vehicular network. In particular, we jointly optimize the vehicle paring, channel assignment, and power allocation at source and relaying vehicles. The objective is to maximize the sum rate of the system subject to the power allocation, minimum rate, relay battery lifetime and successive interference cancellation constraints. To solve the joint optimization problem efficiently, we adopt dual theory followed by Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions, where the dual variables are iteratively computed through sub-gradient method. Two less complex suboptimal optimization schemes are also presented as the benchmark cooperative vehicular schemes.

scholarly journals Optimizing Resource Allocation for 6G NOMA-enabled Cooperative Vehicular Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zain Ali ◽  
Wali Ullah Khan ◽  
Asim Ihsan ◽  
Omer Waqar ◽  
Guftaar Ahmad Sardar Sidhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Allocation ◽  
Channel Assignment ◽  
Interference Cancellation ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Battery Lifetime ◽  
Optimization Framework ◽  
Dual Variables ◽  
Optimization Schemes

This paper proposes a new optimization framework for NOMA-enabled cooperative vehicular network. In particular, we jointly optimize the vehicle paring, channel assignment, and power allocation at source and relaying vehicles. The objective is to maximize the sum rate of the system subject to the power allocation, minimum rate, relay battery lifetime and successive interference cancellation constraints. To solve the joint optimization problem efficiently, we adopt dual theory followed by Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions, where the dual variables are iteratively computed through sub-gradient method. Two less complex suboptimal optimization schemes are also presented as the benchmark cooperative vehicular schemes.

scholarly journals Validation of a point-of-care rapid diagnostic test for hepatitis C for use in resource-limited settings

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
James S Leathers ◽  
Maria Belen Pisano ◽  
Viviana Re ◽  
Gertine van Oord ◽  
Amir Sultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis Test ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Hcv Screening ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background Treatment of HCV with direct-acting antivirals has enabled the discussion of HCV eradication worldwide. Envisioning this aim requires implementation of mass screening in resource-limited areas, usually constrained by testing costs. Methods We validated a low-cost, rapid diagnosis test (RDT) for HCV in three different continents in 141 individuals. Results The HCV RDT showed 100% specificity and sensitivity across different samples regardless of genotype or viral load (in samples with such information, 90%). Conclusions The HCV test validated in this study can allow for HCV screening in areas of need when properly used.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Capabilities of a Smartphone- Based Low-Cost Microscope

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-525
Author(s):  
Dorina Hasselbeck ◽  
Max B. Schäfer ◽  
Kent W. Stewart ◽  
Peter P. Pott
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities

AbstractMicroscopy enables fast and effective diagnostics. However, in resource-limited regions microscopy is not accessible to everyone. Smartphone-based low-cost microscopes could be a powerful tool for diagnostic and educational purposes. In this paper, the imaging quality of a smartphone-based microscope with four different optical parameters is presented and a systematic overview of the resulting diagnostic applications is given. With the chosen configuration, aiming for a reasonable trade-off, an average resolution of 1.23 μm and a field of view of 1.12 mm2 was achieved. This enables a wide range of diagnostic applications such as the diagnosis of Malaria and other parasitic diseases.

scholarly journals Investigating Capnography Innovation for Better Patient Monitoring in the Resource Limited Surgical Setting

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maziar M. Nourian ◽  
Patrick Kolbay ◽  
Soeren Hoehne ◽  
Ahrash E. Poursaid ◽  
Ann E. Rowley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Environmental Sensor ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
Surgical Setting ◽  
Lung Simulation

Background. Access to basic anesthetic monitoring in the developing world is lacking, which contributes to the 100 times greater anesthesia-related mortality in low- and middle-income countries. We hypothesize that an environmental sensor with a lower sampling rate could provide some clinical utility by providing CO2 levels, respiratory rate, and support in detection of clinical abnormalities. Materials and Methods. A bench-top lung simulation was created to replicate CO2 waveforms, and an environmental sensor was compared with industry-available technology. Sensor response time and respiratory rates were compared between devices. Additionally, an in silico model was created to replicate capnography pathology as waveforms would appear using the environmental sensor. Results and Conclusion. Breath simulations using the bench-top lung simulation produced similar results to industry standards with a degree of variability. Respiratory rates did not differ between the environmental sensor and all other devices tested. Finally, pathological waveforms created in silico carried a certain level of detail regarding ventilatory pathology, which could provide some clinical insight to an anesthesiologist. We believe our prototype is the first step toward making low-cost and portable capnography available in the resource-limited setting, and future efforts should focus on bridging the gap to safer anesthesia and surgery globally.

scholarly journals Disease control as an optimization problem

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257958
Author(s):  
Miguel Navascués ◽  
Costantino Budroni ◽  
Yelena Guryanova
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Stochastic Models ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Optimization Theory ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Grid Search ◽  
Brute Force ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Policy Optimization

In the context of epidemiology, policies for disease control are often devised through a mixture of intuition and brute-force, whereby the set of logically conceivable policies is narrowed down to a small family described by a few parameters, following which linearization or grid search is used to identify the optimal policy within the set. This scheme runs the risk of leaving out more complex (and perhaps counter-intuitive) policies for disease control that could tackle the disease more efficiently. In this article, we use techniques from convex optimization theory and machine learning to conduct optimizations over disease policies described by hundreds of parameters. In contrast to past approaches for policy optimization based on control theory, our framework can deal with arbitrary uncertainties on the initial conditions and model parameters controlling the spread of the disease, and stochastic models. In addition, our methods allow for optimization over policies which remain constant over weekly periods, specified by either continuous or discrete (e.g.: lockdown on/off) government measures. We illustrate our approach by minimizing the total time required to eradicate COVID-19 within the Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) model proposed by Kissler et al. (March, 2020).

scholarly journals A Review of Self-Coherent Optical Transceivers: Fundamental Issues, Recent Advances, and Research Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7554
Author(s):  
Isiaka Alimi ◽  
Romil Patel ◽  
Nuno Silva ◽  
Chuanbowen Sun ◽  
Honglin Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Heterogeneous Nature ◽  
Signal Processing Algorithms ◽  
Processing Algorithms

This paper reviews recent progress on different high-speed optical short- and medium-reach transmission systems. Furthermore, a comprehensive tutorial on high-performance, low-cost, and advanced optical transceiver (TRx) paradigms is presented. In this context, recent advances in high-performance digital signal processing algorithms and innovative optoelectronic components are extensively discussed. Moreover, based on the growing increase in the dynamic environment and the heterogeneous nature of different applications and services to be supported by the systems, we discuss the reconfigurable and sliceable TRxs that can be employed. The associated technical challenges of various system algorithms are reviewed, and we proffer viable solutions to address them.

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