scholarly journals Electromagnetic–Acoustic Sensing for Biomedical Applications

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siyu Liu ◽  
Ruochong Zhang ◽  
Zesheng Zheng ◽  
Yuanjin Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Hemoglobin Oxygen Saturation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hybrid Techniques ◽  
Acoustic Wave Generation ◽  
Microwave Magnetic Field ◽  
Acoustic Methods ◽  
Em Field ◽  
Blood Flowmetry

This paper reviews the theories and applications of electromagnetic–acoustic (EMA) techniques (covering light-induced photoacoustic, microwave-induced thermoacoustic, magnetic-modulated thermoacoustic, and X-ray-induced thermoacoustic) belonging to the more general area of electromagnetic (EM) hybrid techniques. The theories cover excitation of high-power EM field (laser, microwave, magnetic field, and X-ray) and subsequent acoustic wave generation. The applications of EMA methods include structural imaging, blood flowmetry, thermometry, dosimetry for radiation therapy, hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SO2) sensing, fingerprint imaging and sensing, glucose sensing, pH sensing, etc. Several other EM-related acoustic methods, including magnetoacoustic, magnetomotive ultrasound, and magnetomotive photoacoustic are also described. It is believed that EMA has great potential in both pre-clinical research and medical practice.

scholarly journals 3D Modeling of Silver Doped ZrO2 Coupled Graphene-Based Mesoporous Silica Quaternary Nanocomposite for a Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensing Effects

Nanomaterials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Kamrun Nahar Fatema ◽  
Chang-Sung Lim ◽  
Yin Liu ◽  
Kwang-Youn Cho ◽  
Chong-Hun Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

We described the novel nanocomposite of silver doped ZrO2 combined graphene-based mesoporous silica (ZrO2-Ag-G-SiO2,) in bases of low-cost and self-assembly strategy. Synthesized ZrO2-Ag-G-SiO2 were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Raman spectroscopy, Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS). The ZrO2-Ag-G-SiO2 as an enzyme-free glucose sensor active material toward coordinate electro-oxidation of glucose was considered through cyclic voltammetry in significant electrolytes, such as phosphate buffer (PBS) at pH 7.4 and commercial urine. Utilizing ZrO2-Ag-G-SiO2, glucose detecting may well be finished with effective electrocatalytic performance toward organically important concentrations with the current reaction of 9.0 × 10−3 mAcm−2 and 0.05 mmol/L at the lowest potential of +0.2 V, thus fulfilling the elemental prerequisites for glucose detecting within the urine. Likewise, the ZrO2-Ag-G-SiO2 electrode can be worked for glucose detecting within the interferometer substances (e.g., ascorbic corrosive, lactose, fructose, and starch) in urine at proper pH conditions. Our results highlight the potential usages for qualitative and quantitative electrochemical investigation of glucose through the ZrO2-Ag-G-SiO2 sensor for glucose detecting within the urine concentration.

scholarly journals Nitrogen‐doped Hollow Co3O4Nanofibers for both Solid‐state pH Sensing and Improved Non‐enzymatic Glucose Sensing

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 678-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuchen Dong ◽  
Xudong Wang ◽  
William S. Willis ◽  
Donghui Song ◽  
Yikun Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Nitrogen Doped

scholarly journals Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing Based on Incorporation of Carbon Nanotube into Zn-Co-S Ball-in-Ball Hollow Sphere

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4340
Author(s):  
Han-Wei Chang ◽  
Chia-Wei Su ◽  
Jia-Hao Tian ◽  
Yu-Chen Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hollow Sphere ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Ionic Exchange ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electro Oxidation

Zn-Co-S ball-in-ball hollow sphere (BHS) was successfully prepared by solvothermal sulfurization method. An efficient strategy to synthesize Zn-Co-S BHS consisted of multilevel structures by controlling the ionic exchange reaction was applied to obtain great performance electrode material. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a conductive agent were uniformly introduced with Zn-Co-S BHS to form Zn-Co-S BHS/CNTs and expedited the considerable electrocatalytic behavior toward glucose electro-oxidation in alkaline medium. In this study, characterization with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used for investigating the morphological and physical/chemical properties and further evaluating the feasibility of Zn-Co-S BHS/CNTs in non-enzymatic glucose sensing. Electrochemical methods (cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA)) were performed to investigate the glucose sensing performance of Zn-Co-S BHS/CNTs. The synergistic effect of Faradaic redox couple species of Zn-Co-S BHS and unique conductive network of CNTs exhibited excellent electrochemical catalytic ability towards the glucose electro-oxidation, which revealed linear range from 5 to 100 μM with high sensitivity of 2734.4 μA mM−1 cm−2, excellent detection limit of 2.98 μM, and great selectivity in the presence of dopamine, uric acid, ascorbic acid, and fructose. Thus, Zn-Co-S BHS/CNTs would be expected to be a promising material for non-enzymatic glucose sensing.

scholarly journals Photo-Electrochemical Properties of CuO–TiO2 Heterojunctions for Glucose Sensing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Maria Tobaldi ◽  
Claudia Espro ◽  
salvarore gianluca leonardi ◽  
Luc Lajaunie ◽  
Maria Paula Seabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Electrochemical Sensing ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Halogen Lamp ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Efficient Detection

<p>Electrochemical sensors for monitoring biochemical substances are attracting considerable attention. These devices are usually based on enzymes that are sensitive and very specific. Still, the activity of those enzymes is lost with changes in temperature or pH. Non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors – fabricated <i>via</i> the modification of the electrode surface with metal oxide nanoparticles – are a judicious answer. In this study, we investigated the photo-electrochemical properties of CuO–TiO<sub>2</sub> heterojunctions for glucose sensing in alkaline media. A combination of high-resolution (scanning) transmission electron microscopy, spatially resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction, was used to study in detail the microstructures of the prepared specimens. These results highlighted the strong intertwining between the TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles and the Cu-based nanoparticles, which present a metallic core with a CuO rich surface. In addition, we showed that CuO, joint to TiO<sub>2</sub>, has smaller size compared to pure CuO, which entails larger surface area available for the glucose electro-oxidation, which consequently enhanced the electrochemical features. The influence of Cu loading over the sensing performance of TiO<sub>2</sub> was examined in detail carrying out electrochemical sensing tests under dark, laboratory and halogen lamp irradiation. Results demonstrated that, under halogen lamp irradiation, modified CuO–TiO<sub>2</sub> electrodes showed a higher specific response signal than that of pure CuO. Those increased photo-electrochemical properties in CuO–TiO<sub>2</sub> heterojunctions are likely due to a synergistic effect between the microstructural characteristics and effective separation of photo-generated exciton created at the heterojunction interface. Results of this study offer applicable guidelines for designing photo-electrochemical screen-printed electrodes based on nano-sized CuO on titania for an efficient detection of glucose.</p>

scholarly journals Return Current Instability in Flares

1989 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-316
Author(s):  
D. Cromwell ◽  
P. McQuillan ◽  
J.C. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Solar Flares ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Thick Target ◽  
Target Electron ◽  
Return Current ◽  
Ion Acoustic Wave ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acoustic Wave Generation ◽  
Bremsstrahlung Emission ◽  
Current Instability

AbstractWe consider the problem of ion-acoustic wave generation, and resultant anomalous Joule heating, by a return current driven unstable by a small-area thick-target electron beam in solar flares. We find that, contrary to the usual assumption, the hard X-ray bremsstrahlung emission may actually be enhanced in comparison to conventional thick-target models. This present paper is a summary of the work of Cromwell, McQuillan and Brown (1988).

scholarly journals A NiFe Alloy Reduced on Graphene Oxide for Electrochemical Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensing

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe-Peng Deng ◽  
Yu Sun ◽  
Yong-Cheng Wang ◽  
Jian-De Gao
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Glucose Detection ◽  
Ni Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Measurement Results

A NiFe alloy nanoparticle/graphene oxide hybrid (NiFe/GO) was prepared for electrochemical glucose sensing. The as-prepared NiFe/GO hybrid was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated that NiFe alloy nanoparticles can be successfully deposited on GO. The electrochemical glucose sensing performance of the as-prepared NiFe/GO hybrid was studied by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric measurement. Results showed that the NiFe/GO-modified glassy carbon electrode had sensitivity of 173 μA mM−1 cm−2 for glucose sensing with a linear range up to 5 mM, which is superior to that of commonly used Ni nanoparticles. Furthermore, high selectivity for glucose detection could be achieved by the NiFe/GO hybrid. All the results demonstrated that the NiFe/GO hybrid has promise for application in electrochemical glucose sensing.

Electrocatalytic Study of Low-Cost Bimetallic Cobalt/Iron Catalyst on Carbon for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor in Human Urine

2019 ◽  
Vol 962 ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Metini Janyasupab ◽  
Chen Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Human Urine ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Iron Catalyst ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Rotating Disk Electrode ◽  
Glucose Detection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sensing Applications

This study investigated an electrocatalytic behavior of non-enzymatic glucose detection in urine by using low-cost non-precious metal CoFe catalyst on carbon (C) supported. The bimetal catalyst was prepared by the reduction of oleic acid and loaded 10% wt. metal onto the activated carbon. Due to the synergistic effect, CoFe exhibited its intrinsic electrocatalytic property, suitable for the chemisorption of glucose molecule and the d-electron of metal. For morphology and elemental composition, CoFe/C was characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and X-ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD), exhibiting Co (111) and Fe2O3(104) with the nanocluster average diameter of 25 nm. More importantly, electrocatalytic behaviors of CoFe/C were assessed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) on the glassy carbon rotating disk electrode for glucose detection (0-3 mM) in modified artificial urine (mAUM), and human urine specimens. In particular, excellent sensitivities from the lower range of glucose level (< 1 mM) and the higher level by DPV in mAUM were estimated to be 318.42 and 82.20 μA.cm-2.mM-1 with the correlation coefficient (R2) values of 0.90 and 0.94, respectively. Furthermore, the as-prepared CoFe/C biosensor also demonstrated practical measurement in human urine sample with the sensitivity of 59.72 μA.cm-2.mM-1 (R2 = 0.99) without any electron facilitators (e.g. sodium hydroxide), thereby providing a promising cost-effective catalyst design for future technology of non-enzymatic glucose sensing applications in urine.

CuO Nanowire-Based Extended-Gate Field-Effect-Transistor (FET) for pH Sensing and Enzyme-Free/Receptor-Free Glucose Sensing Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 5039-5047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwini Kumar Mishra ◽  
Deepak Kumar Jarwal ◽  
Bratindranath Mukherjee ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Smrity Ratan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Effect ◽  
Field Effect Transistor ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Free Glucose ◽  
Cuo Nanowire ◽  
Effect Transistor

scholarly journals Comparison of Magnesium and Titanium Doping on Material Properties and pH Sensing Performance on Sb2O3 Membranes in Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor Structure

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Chyuan-Haur Kao ◽  
Kuan-Lin Chen ◽  
Jun-Ru Chen ◽  
Shih-Ming Chen ◽  
Yaw-Wen Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Multiple Material ◽  
Ti Doping ◽  
Sensing Performance ◽  
Mg Doped

In this research, electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) capacitors with Sb2O3 sensing membranes were fabricated. The results indicate that Mg doping and Ti-doped Sb2O3 membranes with appropriate annealing had improved material quality and sensing performance. Multiple material characterizations and sensing measurements of Mg-doped and Ti doping on Sb2O3 sensing membranes were conducted, including of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These detailed studies indicate that silicate and defects in the membrane could be suppressed by doping and annealing. Moreover, compactness enhancement, crystallization and grainization, which reinforced the surface sites on the membrane and boosted the sensing factor, could be achieved by doping and annealing. Among all of the samples, Mg doped membrane with annealing at 400 °C had the most preferable material properties and sensing behaviors. Mg-doped Sb2O3-based with appropriate annealing are promising for future industrial ionsensing devices and for possible integration with Sb2O3-based semiconductor devices.

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