scholarly journals Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Antenna Sensor Based Microwave Breast Imaging: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Mahmud ◽  
Mohammad Islam ◽  
Norbahiah Misran ◽  
Ali Almutairi ◽  
Mengu Cho
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Tumor ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Tumor Detection ◽  
Microwave Imaging ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Uwb Antenna ◽  
Microwave Breast Imaging

Globally, breast cancer is reported as a primary cause of death in women. More than 1.8 million new breast cancer cases are diagnosed every year. Because of the current limitations on clinical imaging, researchers are motivated to investigate complementary tools and alternatives to available techniques for detecting breast cancer in earlier stages. This article presents a review of concepts and electromagnetic techniques for microwave breast imaging. More specifically, this work reviews ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna sensors and their current applications in medical imaging, leading to breast imaging. We review the use of UWB sensor based microwave energy in various imaging applications for breast tumor related diseases, tumor detection, and breast tumor detection. In microwave imaging, the back-scattered signals radiating by sensors from a human body are analyzed for changes in the electrical properties of tissues. Tumorous cells exhibit higher dielectric constants because of their high water content. The goal of this article is to provide microwave researchers with in-depth information on electromagnetic techniques for microwave imaging sensors and describe recent developments in these techniques.

scholarly journals Time-Domain Investigation of Switchable Filter Wide-Band Antenna for Microwave Breast Imaging

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Haider ◽  
MuhibUr Rahman ◽  
Mahdi Naghshvarianjahromi ◽  
Hyung Seok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Tumor Detection ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Good Time ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Microwave Breast Imaging ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Domain Performance

This paper investigates the time-domain performance of a switchable filter impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) antenna for microwave breast imaging applications. A miniaturized CPW-fed integrated filter antenna with switchable performance in the range of the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) bands could operate well within a 3.0 to 11 GHz frequency range. The time-domain performance of the filter antenna was investigated in comparison to that of the designed reference wideband antenna. By comparing both antennas’ time-domain characteristics, it was seen that the switchable filter antenna had good time-domain resolution along with the frequency-domain operation. Additionally, the time-domain investigation revealed that the switchable filter wide-band antenna performed similarly to the reference wide band antenna. This antenna was also utilized for a tumor detection application, and it was seen that the switchable filter wide-band antenna could detect a miniaturized irregularly shaped tumor easily, which is quite promising. Such an antenna with a good time-domain resolution and tumor detection capability will be a good candidate and will find potential applications in microwave breast imaging.

scholarly journals A Low Cost and Portable Microwave Imaging System for Breast Tumor Detection Using UWB Directional Antenna array

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Islam ◽  
M. Z. Mahmud ◽  
M. Tarikul Islam ◽  
S. Kibria ◽  
M. Samsuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Breast Tumor ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microwave Imaging ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Slot Antenna ◽  
Breast Phantom

Abstract Globally, breast cancer is a major reason for female mortality. Due to the limitations of current clinical imaging, the researchers are encouraged to explore alternative and complementary tools to available techniques to detect the breast tumor in an earlier stage. This article outlines a new, portable, and low-cost microwave imaging (MWI) system using an iterative enhancing technique for breast imaging. A compact side slotted tapered slot antenna is designed for microwave imaging. The radiating fins of tapered slot antenna are modified by etching nine rectangular side slots. The irregular slots on the radiating fins enhance the electrical length as well as produce strong directive radiation due to the suppression of induced surface currents that radiate vertically at the outer edges of the radiating arms with end-fire direction. It has remarkable effects on efficiency and gain. With the addition of slots, the side-lobe levels are reduced, the gain of the main-lobe is increased and corrects the squint effects simultaneously, thus improving the characteristics of the radiation. For experimental validation, a heterogeneous breast phantom was developed that contains dielectric properties identical to real breast tissues with the inclusion of tumors. An alternative PC controlled and microcontroller-based mechanical MWI system is designed and developed to collect the antenna scattering signal. The radiated backscattered signals from the targeted area of the human body are analyzed to reveal the changes in dielectric properties in tissues. The dielectric constants of tumorous cells are higher than that of normal tissues due to their higher water content. The remarkable deviation of the scattered field is processed by using newly proposed Iteratively Corrected Delay and Sum (IC-DAS) algorithm and the reconstruction of the image of the phantom interior is done. The developed UWB (Ultra-Wideband) antenna based MWI has been able to perform the detection of tumorous cells in breast phantom that can pave the way to saving lives.

scholarly journals Wideband-Narrowband Switchable Tapered Slot Antenna for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 3606
Author(s):  
Seonho Lim ◽  
Young Joong Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Microwave Imaging ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Slot Antenna ◽  
Pin Diode ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Switching Mode ◽  
Meander Line

In this paper, a wideband-narrowband switchable tapered slot antenna (TSA) with a compact meander line resonator for an integrated microwave imaging and hyperthermia system was proposed. A compact meander line resonator, which exhibited band-pass characteristics and provided narrowband characteristics by using one PIN diode, was fabricated beneath the tapered slot of the wideband TSA to minimize the degradation of the wideband characteristics. Moreover, the electromagnetic energy was transferred to the meander line resonator with a coupling effect to ensure effective frequency switching. By adapting a PIN diode on the meander line resonator, frequency switching could be achieved. In this way, the proposed antenna could operate in a real-time frequency switching mode between the ultra-wideband (UWB; 3.1~10 GHz), which is used for microwave imaging, and the 2.45 GHz band (industrial, scientific, and medical, ISM band), which is used for microwave hyperthermia. Frequency and time-domain results proved the applicability of the proposed antenna to an integrated breast cancer detection and treatment system.

scholarly journals Microwave Imaging of Breast Skin Utilizing Elliptical UWB Antenna and Reverse Problems Algorithm

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Sameer Alani ◽  
Zahriladha Zakaria ◽  
Tale Saeidi ◽  
Asmala Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Ali Imran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Microwave Imaging ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Uwb Antenna ◽  
System A ◽  
High Structural Similarity

Skin cancer is one of the most widespread and fast growing of all kinds of cancer since it affects the human body easily due to exposure to the Sun’s rays. Microwave imaging has shown better outcomes with higher resolution, faster processing time, mobility, and less cutter and artifact effects. A miniaturized elliptical ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna and its semi-spherical array arrangement were used for signal transmission and reception from the defected locations in the breast skin. Several conditions such as various arrays of three, six, and nine antenna elements, smaller tumor, multi-tumors, and skin on a larger breast sample of 30 cm were considered. To assess the ability of the system, a breast shape container with a diameter of 130 mm and height of 60 mm was 3D printed and then filled with fabricated skin and breast fat to perform the experimental investigation. An improved modified time-reversal algorithm (IMTR) was used to recreate 2D images of tumors with the smallest radius of 1.75 mm in any location within the breast skin. The reconstructed images using both simulated and experimental data verified that the system can be a reliable imaging system for skin cancer diagnosis having a high structural similarity index and resolution.

Breast Tumor Detection in MR Images Based on Density

2021 ◽  
pp. 2250001
Author(s):  
Neeraj Shrivastava ◽  
Jyoti Bharti
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Tumor ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Region Growing ◽  
Tumor Detection ◽  
Misclassification Rate ◽  
Seed Region ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Multiple Tumor ◽  
Breast Image

Breast cancer is dangerous in women. It is generally found after the symptoms appear. Detecting the breast cancer at an early stage and understanding the treatment are the most important strategies to prevent death from cancer. Generally, for detection of breast cancer, breast Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) takes place. It is one of the best approaches to detect tumor in women. In this research paper, a combination of selection methods for seed region growing image segmentation is suggested to detect breast tumor. The suggested method has been divided into following parts: First, the pre-processing of breast image is performed. Second, the automatic threshold for binarization process is calculated. Third, the number of seed points and its position in the breast image are determined automatically using density of pixels value. Fourth, a method for calculation of threshold value is proposed for the purpose of region creation in seed region growing. For the evaluation purpose, the proposed method was applied and tested on the RIDER MRI breast dataset from National Biomedical Imaging Archive (NBIA). After the test was performed, it was observed that proposed algorithm gives 90% accuracy, 88% True Negative Fraction, 91% True Positive Fraction, 10% Misclassification Rate, 94% Precision and 86% Relative Overlap which is better than other existing methods. It not only gives better evaluation measure but also provides segmentation method for multiple tumor detection.

scholarly journals Microwave Breast Imaging Using Rotational Bistatic Impulse Radar for the Detection of Breast Cancer: Protocol for a Prospective Diagnostic Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Sasada ◽  
Norio Masumoto ◽  
Hang Song ◽  
Akiko Emi ◽  
Takayuki Kadoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Cancer Surveillance ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Study ◽  
Imaging Device ◽  
Microwave Breast Imaging

BACKGROUND Mammography is the standard examination for breast cancer screening; however, it is associated with pain and exposure to ionizing radiation. Microwave breast imaging is a less invasive method for breast cancer surveillance. A bistatic impulse radar–based breast cancer detector has recently been developed. OBJECTIVE This study aims to present a protocol for evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of the novel microwave breast imaging device. METHODS This is a prospective diagnostic study. A total of 120 participants were recruited before treatment administration and divided into 2 cohorts: 100 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and 20 participants with benign breast tumors. The detector will be directly placed on each breast, while the participant is in supine position, without a coupling medium. Confocal images will be created based on the analyzed data, and the presence of breast tumors will be assessed. The primary endpoint will be the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the detector for breast cancer and benign tumors. The secondary endpoint will be the safety and detectability of each molecular subtype of breast cancer. For an exploratory endpoint, the influence of breast density and tumor size on tumor detection will be investigated. RESULTS Recruitment began in November 2018 and was completed by March 2020. We anticipate the preliminary results to be available by summer 2021. CONCLUSIONS This study will provide insights on the diagnostic accuracy of microwave breast imaging using a rotational bistatic impulse radar. The collected data will improve the diagnostic algorithm of microwave imaging and lead to enhanced device performance. CLINICALTRIAL Japan Registry of Clinical Trials jRCTs062180005; https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCTs062180005 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/17524

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