scholarly journals Multiparametric Monitoring in Equatorian Tomato Greenhouses (I): Wireless Sensor Network Benchmarking

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Erazo-Rodas ◽  
Mary Sandoval-Moreno ◽  
Sergio Muñoz-Romero ◽  
Mónica Huerta ◽  
David Rivas-Lalaleo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Mesh Topology ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 Standard ◽  
The Comparative Study

In recent years, attention has been paid to wireless sensor networks (WSNs) applied to precision agriculture. However, few studies have compared the technologies of different communication standards in terms of topology and energy efficiency. This paper presents the design and implementation of the hardware and software of three WSNs with different technologies and topologies of wireless communication for tomato greenhouses in the Andean region of Ecuador, as well as the comparative study of the performance of each of them. Two companion papers describe the study of the dynamics of the energy consumption and of the monitored variables. Three WSNs were deployed, two of them with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard with star and mesh topologies (ZigBee and DigiMesh, respectively), and a third with the IEEE 802.11 standard with access point topology (WiFi). The measured variables were selected after investigation of the climatic conditions required for efficient tomato growth. The measurements for each variable could be displayed in real time using either a laboratory virtual instrument engineering workbench (LabVIEWTM) interface or an Android mobile application. The comparative study of the three networks made evident that the configuration of the DigiMesh network is the most complex for adding new nodes, due to its mesh topology. However, DigiMesh maintains the bit rate and prevents data loss by the location of the nodes as a function of crop height. It has been also shown that the WiFi network has better stability with larger precision in its measurements.

scholarly journals Wireless Sensor Network for Sustainable Agriculture

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos D. Moreno-Moreno ◽  
María Brox-Jiménez ◽  
Andrés A. Gersnoviez-Milla ◽  
Mariano Márquez-Moyano ◽  
Manuel A. Ortiz-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Evolution And Development ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Radical Decomposition

Precision agriculture can be defined as the science of using technology to improve the agricultural production. It is advisable for farmers to use a decision support system; in fact, real–time monitoring of climatic conditions is the only way to know the water needed by a cultivation. On the other hand, since the 1990s, a strong decrease of the Mediterranean Quercus has been observed in the pastures of southwestern Spain and Portugal, causing a high mortality of holm and cork oak trees. Among the factors associated with this decrease, the radical decomposition caused by Phytophthora Cinnamomi is remarkable for its gravity, which makes it necessary to reforest the trees and to monitor the microclimatic factors that have an influence on this regeneration. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are a technology in full evolution and development, as well as their appropriate use in cultivations that help to implement ecological techniques. With these considerations in this work five units/nodes with one or more sensors that allow different environmental readings have been developed. In this work, the acquisition of data obtained from different sensors has been achieved, allowing the monitoring of climatic elements such as soil moisture, air quality, temperature and humidity, rainfall intensity, precipitation level, wind speed and direction, luminous flux and atmospheric pressure. A web page has been designed where the user can consult the climatic conditions of the cultivation or reforestation. Different devices interconnected with a central unit have been developed where measurements of the cultivation are sent for its later analysis by the farmer. The microclimatic data acquisition developed in the WSN proposed in this paper allows a farmer to make decisions about the irrigation of the cultivation, use of fertilizers, the development and maturation phases of the cultivated products, obtaining the optimum stages of cultivation and harvesting.

Evaluating the Performance of the IEEE 802.15.4 Standard in Supporting Time-Critical Wireless Sensor Networks

2011 ◽  
pp. 142-158
Author(s):  
Carlos Lino ◽  
Carlos Tavares Calafate ◽  
Pietro Manzoni ◽  
Juan-Carlos Cano ◽  
Arnoldo Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Critical Events ◽  
Routing Overhead ◽  
Monitoring Time ◽  
Important Research Topic ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 Standard ◽  
Time Critical

The performance of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) at monitoring time-critical events is an important research topic, mainly due to the need to ensure that the actions to be taken upon these events are timely. To determine the effectiveness of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard at monitoring time-critical events in WSNs, we introduce a routing scheme based on drain announcements that seeks minimum routing overhead. We carried out a novel performance evaluation of the IEEE 802.15.4 technology under different conditions, to determine whether or not near-real-time event monitoring is feasible. By analyzing different simulation metrics such as packet loss rate, average end-to-end delay, and routing overhead, we determine the degree of effectiveness of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard at supporting time-critical tasks in multi-hop WSNs, evidencing its limitations upon the size and the amount of traffic flowing through the network.

Performance Evaluation of Quality of Service in IEEE 802.15.4-Based Wireless Sensor Networks

2017 ◽  
pp. 213-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanatan Mohanty ◽  
Sarat Kumar Patra
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Mesh Topology ◽  
Autonomous Sensor

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of many tiny, autonomous sensor nodes capable of sensing, computation and communication. The main objective of IEEE 802.15.4 based WSN standard is to provide low cost, low power and short range communication. Providing QoS in WSN is a challenging task due to its severe resource constraints in terms of energy, network bandwidth, memory, and CPU. In this chapter, Quality of Service (QoS) performance evaluation has been carried out for IEEE 802.15.4 networks based WSN star and mesh topology using routing protocols like AODV, DSR and DYMO in QualNet 4.5 simulator. Performance evaluations metrics like Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), throughput, average end to end delay, energy per goodput bit, network lifetime of battery model and total energy consumption which includes transmission, reception, idle and sleep mode were considered for both the topology. From the simulation studies and analysis, it can be seen that on an average DSR and DYMO performs better than AODV for different traffic load rates.

scholarly journals An Efficient Superframe Structure with Optimal Bandwidth Utilization and Reduced Delay for Internet of Things Based Wireless Sensor Networks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangrez Khan ◽  
Ahmad Naseem Alvi ◽  
Muhammad Awais Javed ◽  
Byeong-hee Roh ◽  
Jehad Ali
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Bandwidth Utilization ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 Standard

Internet of Things (IoT) is a promising technology that uses wireless sensor networks to enable data collection, monitoring, and transmission from the physical devices to the Internet. Due to its potential large scale usage, efficient routing and Medium Access Control (MAC) techniques are vital to meet various application requirements. Most of the IoT applications need low data rate and low powered wireless transmissions and IEEE 802.15.4 standard is mostly used in this regard which offers superframe structure at the MAC layer. However, for IoT applications where nodes have adaptive data traffic, the standard has some limitations such as bandwidth wastage and latency. In this paper, a new superframe structure is proposed that is backward compatible with the existing parameters of the standard. The proposed superframe overcomes limitations of the standard by fine-tuning its superframe structure and squeezing the size of its contention-free slots. Thus, the proposed superframe adjusts its duty cycle according to the traffic requirements and accommodates more nodes in a superframe structure. The analytical results show that our proposed superframe structure has almost 50% less delay, accommodate more nodes and has better link utilization in a superframe as compared to the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.

scholarly journals Review on lightweight hardware architectures for the crypt-analytics in FPGA

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1888
Author(s):  
Sunitha Tappari ◽  
K. Sridevi
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Environmental Security ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Memory Requirement ◽  
Military Health ◽  
Hardware Architectures ◽  
The Comparative Study

Internet of Things (IoT) plays a vital role in the Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which is used for many applications, such as military, health, and environmental. Security is the major concern and it is very difficult to achieve because of a different kind of attack in the network. In recent years, many authors have introduced different Hardware Architectures to solve these security problems. This paper has discussed about a review of various Hardware Architectures for the lightweight Crypt-analytics methods and the comparative learning of various Crypt-analytics and authentication systems carried out. The comparative study result showed that the lightweight algorithms have good per-formance compared to the conventional Crypt-analytics algorithm in terms of memory requirement, operations, and power consumption. 

scholarly journals Integrating Wireless Sensor Networks with Cloudcomputing

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2026-2033
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Remote Sensors ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
Sensor Cloud ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 Standard ◽  
Cloud Condition

wireless sensor network (WSN) is an unmistakable innovation for a long while. In most genuine applications, the immense measure of information assembled utilizing sensors are required to be put away and be made accessible for whenever, anyplace get to. However, WSNs are made out of asset obliged gadgets which absence of abilities to store gigantic lump of information and perform ensuing preparing of the information. WSNs can be increased by cloud condition which offers such administrations. Thus, a Sensor-Cloud structure is imagined in this proposition coordinating remote sensor connect with cloud condition. The coordinated system is appropriate for versatile and unavoidable figuring applications empowering Internet of Things (IoT) and planned to be utilized in genuine applications. Creating countries need proportionate social insurance conveyance answers for serve gigantic populace. This proposition features the issues identified with medicinal services conveyance that might be tended to utilizing the incorporated system. It might be utilized for empowering individuals, networks, medicinal services associations to gather and transmit wellbeing data as and when required so as to improve social insurance administrations for the provincial and urban populace. Inside the IoT empowered structure, few difficulties are recognized for examination. This theory stresses on difficulties including remote sensors and gives specialized answers for these difficulties. WSNs ordinarily work on IEEE 802.15.4 standard utilizing exclusive conventions which includes structure and the board unpredictability when combined with Internet. This postulation furnishes answer for coordinate sensor worldview with cloud condition which depends on

scholarly journals Design of a Network with wireless sensor applied to data transmission based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 665-670
Author(s):  
Amelec Viloria ◽  
Nelson Alberto Lizardo Zelaya ◽  
Nohora Mercado-Caruzo
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 Standard

scholarly journals An Energy-Efficient MAC Scheduler based on a Switched-Beam Antenna for Wireless Sensor Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Catarinucci ◽  
Sergio Guglielmi ◽  
Luca Mainetti ◽  
Vincenzo Mighali ◽  
Luigi Patrono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Communication Protocols ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Standard Solution ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 Standard ◽  
And Storage

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are receiving an ever increasing attention because they are one of the most important technologies enabling the Internet of Things vision. Since nodes of these networks are battery-powered, energy efficiency represents one of the main design objectives. This goal can be primarily achieved through an optimization of the communication phase, which is the most power consuming operation for a WSN node. However, the limited computational and storage resources of physical devices make the design of complex communication protocols particularly hard, suggesting, on the contrary, to integrate more simple communication protocols with hardware solutions aimed at energy saving. In this work, a new MAC protocol, compatible with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard, and a reconfigurable beam-steering antenna are presented and validated. They significantly reduce the nodes’ power consumption by exploiting scheduling techniques and directional communications. Specifically, both during transmission and receiving phases, the node activates exclusively the antenna sector needed to communicate with the intended neighbour. The designed antenna and the proposed protocol have been thoroughly evaluated by means of simulations and test-beds, which have highlighted their good performance. In particular, the MAC protocol has been implemented on the Contiki Operating System and it was compared with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard solution.

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