scholarly journals Investigation of Exhaled Breath Samples from Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and an Exhaled Breath Sensor System

Sensors ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Chong Lau ◽  
Joon-Boo Yu ◽  
Ho-Won Lee ◽  
Jeung-Soo Huh ◽  
Jeong-Ok Lim
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

scholarly journals Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Exhaled Breath Compounds after Whole Grain Diets

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2667
Author(s):  
Kaisa Raninen ◽  
Ringa Nenonen ◽  
Elina Järvelä-Reijonen ◽  
Kaisa Poutanen ◽  
Hannu Mykkänen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wheat Bread ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Exhaled breath is a potential noninvasive matrix to give new information about metabolic effects of diets. In this pilot study, non-targeted analysis of exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was made by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCxGC-MS) to explore compounds relating to whole grain (WG) diets. Nine healthy subjects participated in the dietary intervention with parallel crossover design, consisting of two high-fiber diets containing whole grain rye bread (WGR) or whole grain wheat bread (WGW) and 1-week control diets with refined wheat bread (WW) before both diet periods. Large interindividual differences were detected in the VOC composition. About 260 VOCs were detected from exhaled breath samples, in which 40 of the compounds were present in more than half of the samples. Various derivatives of benzoic acid and phenolic compounds, as well as some furanones existed in exhaled breath samples only after the WG diets, making them interesting compounds to study further.

scholarly journals Mechanistic Insights into Alzheimer’s Disease Unveiled through the Investigation of Disturbances in Central Metabolites and Metabolic Pathways

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Raúl González-Domínguez ◽  
Álvaro González-Domínguez ◽  
Ana Sayago ◽  
Juan Diego González-Sanz ◽  
Alfonso María Lechuga-Sancho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Multiple Primary ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Direct Mass Spectrometry

Hydrophilic metabolites are closely involved in multiple primary metabolic pathways and, consequently, play an essential role in the onset and progression of multifactorial human disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. This review article provides a comprehensive revision of the literature published on the use of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics platforms for approaching the central metabolome in Alzheimer’s disease research, including direct mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Overall, mounting evidence points to profound disturbances that affect a multitude of central metabolic pathways, such as the energy-related metabolism, the urea cycle, the homeostasis of amino acids, fatty acids and nucleotides, neurotransmission, and others.

scholarly journals Detecting Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity Using eNose Technology and Associations between Electronic Nose and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Data

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Thijs T. Wingelaar ◽  
Paul Brinkman ◽  
Rianne de Vries ◽  
Pieter-Jan A.M. van Ooij ◽  
Rigo Hoencamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Oxygen Toxicity ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Exposure to oxygen under increased atmospheric pressures can induce pulmonary oxygen toxicity (POT). Exhaled breath analysis using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has revealed that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are associated with inflammation and lipoperoxidation after hyperbaric–hyperoxic exposure. Electronic nose (eNose) technology would be more suited for the detection of POT, since it is less time and resource consuming. However, it is unknown whether eNose technology can detect POT and whether eNose sensor data can be associated with VOCs of interest. In this randomized cross-over trial, the exhaled breath from divers who had made two dives of 1 h to 192.5 kPa (a depth of 9 m) with either 100% oxygen or compressed air was analyzed, at several time points, using GC–MS and eNose. We used a partial least square discriminant analysis, eNose discriminated oxygen and air dives at 30 min post dive with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 79.9% (95%CI: 61.1–98.6; p = 0.003). A two-way orthogonal partial least square regression (O2PLS) model analysis revealed an R² of 0.50 between targeted VOCs obtained by GC–MS and eNose sensor data. The contribution of each sensor to the detection of targeted VOCs was also assessed using O2PLS. When all GC–MS fragments were included in the O2PLS model, this resulted in an R² of 0.08. Thus, eNose could detect POT 30 min post dive, and the correlation between targeted VOCs and eNose data could be assessed using O2PLS.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of COVID-19 by exhaled breath analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

2021 ◽  
pp. 00139-2021
Author(s):  
Wadah Ibrahim ◽  
Rebecca L. Cordell ◽  
Michael J. Wilde ◽  
Matthew Richardson ◽  
Liesl Carr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Clinical Probability ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Exhaled Breath Analysis

BackgroundThe ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has claimed over two and a half million lives worldwide so far. SARS-CoV-2 infection is perceived to be seasonally recurrent and a rapid non-invasive biomarker to accurately diagnose patients early-on in their disease course will be necessary to meet the operational demands for COVID-19 control in the coming years.ObjectiveTo evaluate the role of exhaled breath volatile biomarkers in identifying patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection, based on their underlying PCR status and clinical probability.MethodsA prospective, real-world, observational study recruiting adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection. Breath samples were collected using a standard breath collection bag, modified with appropriate filters to comply with local infection control recommendations and samples were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS).Findings81 patients were recruited between April 29th to July 10th, 2020, of whom 52/81 (64%) tested positive for COVID-19 by RT-PCR. A regression analysis identified a set of seven exhaled breath features (benzaldehyde, 1-propanol, 3, 6-methylundecane, camphene, beta-cubebene, Iodobenzene, and an unidentified compound) that separated PCR positive patients with an area under the curve (AUC): 0.836, sensitivity: 68%, specificity: 85%.ConclusionsGC-MS detected exhaled breath biomarkers were able to identify PCR positive COVID-19 patients. External replication of these compounds is warranted to validate these results.

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