scholarly journals Overview and Evaluation of Bluetooth Low Energy: An Emerging Low-Power Wireless Technology

Sensors ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 11734-11753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carles Gomez ◽  
Joaquim Oller ◽  
Josep Paradells
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Wireless Technology ◽  
Bluetooth Low Energy

scholarly journals A Fully Integrated Bluetooth Low-Energy Transceiver with Integrated Single Pole Double Throw and Power Management Unit for IoT Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Jin Kim ◽  
Dong Gyu Kim ◽  
Seong Jin Oh ◽  
Dong Soo Lee ◽  
Young Gun Pu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Buck Converter ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Management Unit ◽  
Load Current ◽  
Bluetooth Low Energy ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Power Management Unit

This paper presents a low power Gaussian Frequency-Shift Keying (GFSK) transceiver (TRX) with high efficiency power management unit and integrated Single-Pole Double-Throw switch for Bluetooth low energy application. Receiver (RX) is implemented with the RF front-end with an inductor-less low-noise transconductance amplifier and 25% duty-cycle current-driven passive mixers, and low-IF baseband analog with a complex Band Pass Filter(BPF). A transmitter (TX) employs an analog phase-locked loop (PLL) with one-point GFSK modulation and class-D digital Power Amplifier (PA) to reduce current consumption. In the analog PLL, low power Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) is designed and the automatic bandwidth calibration is proposed to optimize bandwidth, settling time, and phase noise by adjusting the charge pump current, VCO gain, and resistor and capacitor values of the loop filter. The Analog Digital Converter (ADC) adopts straightforward architecture to reduce current consumption. The DC-DC buck converter operates by automatically selecting an optimum mode among triple modes, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM), and retention, depending on load current. The TRX is implemented using 1P6M 55-nm Complementary Metal–Oxide–Semiconductor (CMOS) technology and the die area is 1.79 mm2. TRX consumes 5 mW on RX and 6 mW on the TX when PA is 0-dBm. Measured sensitivity of RX is −95 dBm at 2.44 GHz. Efficiency of the DC-DC buck converter is over 89% when the load current is higher than 2.5 mA in the PWM mode. Quiescent current consumption is 400 nA from a supply voltage of 3 V in the retention mode.

Using Bluetooth Low Energy to trigger an ultra-low power FSK wake-up receiver

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Gavrikov ◽  
Pascal E. Verboket ◽  
Tolgay Ungan ◽  
Markus Muller ◽  
Matthias Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Bluetooth Low Energy

scholarly journals Analysis and Design of an Ultra-Low-Power Bluetooth Low-Energy Transmitter With Ring Oscillator-Based ADPLL and 4$\times$ Frequency Edge Combiner

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 1339-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Chen ◽  
Jacob Breiholz ◽  
Farah B. Yahya ◽  
Christopher J. Lukas ◽  
Hun-Seok Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Ring Oscillator ◽  
Ultra Low Power ◽  
Bluetooth Low Energy ◽  
Analysis And Design
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