scholarly journals A New Approach for Realistic 3D Reconstruction of Planar Surfaces from Laser Scanning Data and Imagery Collected Onboard Modern Low-Cost Aerial Mapping Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Lari ◽  
Naser El-Sheimy ◽  
Ayman Habib
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Planar Surfaces ◽  
Aerial Mapping ◽  
Mapping Systems

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Two Indoor Mapping Systems: Low-Cost UWB-Aided Photogrammetry and Backpack Laser Scanning

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Masiero ◽  
Francesca Fissore ◽  
Alberto Guarnieri ◽  
Francesco Pirotti ◽  
Domenico Visintini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Mapping Systems

scholarly journals GENERATION OF INDOOR POINT CLOUDS EXPLOITING GEOMETRIC SYMMETRIES AND REGULARITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 435-440
Author(s):  
A. Masiero ◽  
A. Guarnieri ◽  
G. Tucci ◽  
A. Vettore
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
Mobile Mapping ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Planar Surfaces ◽  
Mapping System

Abstract. 3D building modeling is becoming an important support in civil engineering, architecture and cultural heritage applications. Despite static laser scanning can be considered as the state-of-the-art in such kind of applications, mobile mapping techniques can be considered as a suitable alternative to quickly gather geospatial information. Outdoor mobile mapping can be considered as a mature technique, which takes into advantage of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-laser scanning information fusion. Instead, indoor mobile mapping is typically more challenging: the unavailability of GNSS makes the mapping system rely either just on the inertial navigation system, or on some control points. A drift in the navigation solution, and consequently in the 3D reconstruction, is typically visible after a while in the former case, whereas the use of other surveying instruments is required in the latter.This work aims at exploiting geometric characteristics of the buildings, such as symmetries and regularities, to reduce the drift effect in indoor mobile mapping, in particular when dealing with affordable systems. The proposed approach is based on the segmentation of the point clouds acquired with a time of flight camera (ToF), detecting in particular vertical planar surfaces. It is well known that aligning planar surfaces can be a viable way for reducing the drift in this kind of applications. Nevertheless, this paper aims also at investigating the use of geometric symmetries to such aim.The proposed approach is tested on a case study, a building of the University of Padova, whose reconstruction was produced by an ad hoc affordable mobile mapping system, integrating low cost inertial sensors, RGB and ToF camera.

scholarly journals Novel low-cost mobile mapping systems for forest inventories as terrestrial laser scanning alternatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 102512
Author(s):  
Martin Mokroš ◽  
Tomáš Mikita ◽  
Arunima Singh ◽  
Julián Tomaštík ◽  
Juliána Chudá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Mobile Mapping ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Mobile Mapping Systems ◽  
Mapping Systems

scholarly journals Evaluating Feature Extraction Methods with Synthetic Noise Patterns for Image-Based Modelling of Texture-Less Objects

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3886
Author(s):  
Jahanzeb Hafeez ◽  
Jaehyun Lee ◽  
Soonchul Kwon ◽  
Sungjae Ha ◽  
Gitaek Hur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Feature Matching ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Planar Surfaces ◽  
Vision Sensors ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
3D Information

Image-based three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction is a process of extracting 3D information from an object or entire scene while using low-cost vision sensors. A structure-from-motion coupled with multi-view stereo (SFM-MVS) pipeline is a widely used technique that allows 3D reconstruction from a collection of unordered images. The SFM-MVS pipeline typically comprises different processing steps, including feature extraction and feature matching, which provide the basis for automatic 3D reconstruction. However, surfaces with poor visual texture (repetitive, monotone, etc.) challenge the feature extraction and matching stage and affect the quality of reconstruction. The projection of image patterns while using a video projector during the image acquisition process is a well-known technique that has been shown to be successful for such surfaces. In this study, we evaluate the performance of different feature extraction methods on texture-less surfaces with the application of synthetically generated noise patterns (images). Seven state-of-the-art feature extraction methods (HARRIS, Shi-Tomasi, MSER, SIFT, SURF, KAZE, and BRISK) are evaluated on problematic surfaces in two experimental phases. In the first phase, the 3D reconstruction of real and virtual planar surfaces evaluates image patterns while using all feature extraction methods, where the patterns with uniform histograms have the most suitable morphological features. The best performing pattern from Phase One is used in Phase Two experiments in order to recreate a polygonal model of a 3D printed object using all of the feature extraction methods. The KAZE algorithm achieved the lowest standard deviation and mean distance values of 0.0635 mm and −0.00921 mm, respectively.

scholarly journals Underwater High-Precision 3D Reconstruction System Based on Rotating Scanning

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1402
Author(s):  
Qingsheng Xue ◽  
Qian Sun ◽  
Fupeng Wang ◽  
Haoxuan Bai ◽  
Bai Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reconstruction Error ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Standard Sphere ◽  
Underwater Camera ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents an underwater high-precision line laser three-dimensional (3D) scanning (LLS) system with rotary scanning mode, which is composed of a low illumination underwater camera and a green line laser projector. The underwater 3D data acquisition can be realized in the range of field of view of 50° (vertical) × 360° (horizontal). We compensate the refraction of the 3D reconstruction system to reduce the angle error caused by the refraction of light on different media surfaces and reduce the impact of refraction on the image quality. In order to verify the reconstruction effect of the 3D reconstruction system and the effectiveness of the refraction compensation algorithm, we conducted error experiments on a standard sphere. The results show that the system’s underwater reconstruction error is less than 0.6 mm within the working distance of 140 mm~2500 mm, which meets the design requirements. It can provide reference for the development of low-cost underwater 3D laser scanning system.

Development, Calibration and Evaluation of a Portable and Direct Georeferenced Laser Scanning System for Kinematic 3D Mapping

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Heinz ◽  
Christian Eling ◽  
Markus Wieland ◽  
Lasse Klingbeil ◽  
Heiner Kuhlmann
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Attitude Determination ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
Planar Surfaces ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Scanning Geometry ◽  
Laser Scanning System

AbstractIn recent years, kinematic laser scanning has become increasingly popular because it offers many benefits compared to static laser scanning. The advantages include both saving of time in the georeferencing and a more favorable scanning geometry. Often mobile laser scanning systems are installed on wheeled platforms, which may not reach all parts of the object. Hence, there is an interest in the development of portable systems, which remain operational even in inaccessible areas. The development of such a portable laser scanning system is presented in this paper. It consists of a lightweight direct georeferencing unit for the position and attitude determination and a small low-cost 2D laser scanner. This setup provides advantages over existing portable systems that employ heavy and expensive 3D laser scanners in a profiling mode.A special emphasis is placed on the system calibration, i. e. the determination of the transformation between the coordinate frames of the direct georeferencing unit and the 2D laser scanner. To this end, a calibration field is used, which consists of differently orientated georeferenced planar surfaces, leading to estimates for the lever arms and boresight angles with an accuracy of mm and one-tenth of a degree. Finally, point clouds of the mobile laser scanning system are compared with georeferenced point clouds of a high-precision 3D laser scanner. Accordingly, the accuracy of the system is in the order of cm to dm. This is in good agreement with the expected accuracy, which has been derived from the error propagation of previously estimated variance components.

scholarly journals A MAN-PORTABLE, IMU-FREE MOBILE MAPPING SYSTEM

2015 ◽  
Vol II-3/W5 ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nüchter ◽  
D. Borrmann ◽  
P. Koch ◽  
M. Kühn ◽  
S. May
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Mobile Mapping ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Mapping System ◽  
Mobile Mapping System ◽  
Mems Imu ◽  
Mapping Solution ◽  
Mapping Systems

Mobile mapping systems are commonly mounted on cars, ships and robots. The data is directly geo-referenced using GPS data and expensive IMU (inertial measurement systems). Driven by the need for flexible, indoor mapping systems we present an inexpensive mobile mapping solution that can be mounted on a backpack. It combines a horizontally mounted 2D profiler with a constantly spinning 3D laser scanner. The initial system featuring a low-cost MEMS IMU was revealed and demonstrated at <i>MoLaS: Technology Workshop Mobile Laser Scanning at Fraunhofer IPM</i> in Freiburg in November 2014. In this paper, we present an IMU-free solution.

scholarly journals Improved point clouds from a heritage artifact depth low-cost acquisition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Pedro Oliveira Raimundo ◽  
Karl Philips Apaza-Agüero
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Insufficient Information ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Depth Maps ◽  
High Level

Poor data acquisition from low-cost cameras, such as low-resolution depth maps or high level of noise or point clouds generated with insufficient information from an object, limits the use of such cameras for heritage artifacts 3D reconstruction. This work proposes to improve this depth low-cost acquisition by using a new approach based on the Super-Resolution technique. The proposed approach has been applied to several artifacts of the Federal University of Bahia Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology (MAE/UFBA). As shown in the results, our approach improved the quality of point clouds generated from tested heritage artifacts. Results indicate that whenever artifact geometry is gained via our method there is actual reconstruction of detail or accuracy improvements, whereas a reduction in number of points of the clouds, if any, would indicate the removal of inconsistencies or noise from the input data without loss of detail.

Janus – A New Approach to Air Combat Pilot Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Georges Bridel ◽  
Zdobyslaw Goraj ◽  
Lukasz Kiszkowiak ◽  
Jean-Georges Brévot ◽  
Jean-Pierre Devaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Training System ◽  
Embedded Sensors ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Combat Aircraft ◽  
Air Combat ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Advanced jet training still relies on old concepts and solutions that are no longer efficient when considering the current and forthcoming changes in air combat. The cost of those old solutions to develop and maintain combat pilot skills are important, adding even more constraints to the training limitations. The requirement of having a trainer aircraft able to perform also light combat aircraft operational mission is adding unnecessary complexity and cost without any real operational advantages to air combat mission training. Thanks to emerging technologies, the JANUS project will study the feasibility of a brand-new concept of agile manoeuvrable training aircraft and an integrated training system, able to provide a live, virtual and constructive environment. The JANUS concept is based on a lightweight, low-cost, high energy aircraft associated to a ground based Integrated Training System providing simulated and emulated signals, simulated and real opponents, combined with real-time feedback on pilot’s physiological characteristics: traditionally embedded sensors are replaced with emulated signals, simulated opponents are proposed to the pilot, enabling out of sight engagement. JANUS is also providing new cost effective and more realistic solutions for “Red air aircraft” missions, organised in so-called “Aggressor Squadrons”.

Low Temperature Fault Isolation Using Soft Defect Localization

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristopher D. Staller
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fault Isolation ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Multiple Point ◽  
Defect Localization ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Cold temperature failures are often difficult to resolve, especially those at extreme low levels (&lt; -40°C). Momentary application of chill spray can confirm the failure mode, but is impractical during photoemission microscopy (PEM), laser scanning microscopy (LSM), and multiple point microprobing. This paper will examine relatively low-cost cold temperature systems that can hold samples at steady state extreme low temperatures and describe a case study where a cold temperature stage was combined with LSM soft defect localization (SDL) to rapidly identify the cause of a complex cold temperature failure mechanism.

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