scholarly journals Field Spectroscopy for Assisting Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment in Water Treatment Reservoirs Using Atmospheric Corrected Satellite Remotely Sensed Imagery

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diofantos Hadjimitsis ◽  
Chris Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Remotely Sensed Imagery ◽  
Field Spectroscopy

Monitoring and modelling mining impacts on water quality in Chindwin River Basin, Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanapon Piman ◽  
Chayanis Krittasudthacheew ◽  
Shakthi K. Gunawardanaa ◽  
Sangam Shresthaa
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Mining Activities

<p>The Chindwin River, a major tributary of the Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar, is approximately 850 km long with a watershed area of 115,300 km<sup>2</sup>. The Chindwin River is essential for local livelihoods, drinking water, ecosystems, navigation, agriculture, and industries such as logging and mining. Over the past two decades, Myanmar’s rapid economic development has resulted in drastic changes to socio-economic and ecological conditions in the basin. Water users in the basin reported that there is a rapid extension of gold and jade mining and they observed a noticeable decline in water quality along with increased sedimentation and turbidity. So far, however, Myanmar has not undertaken a comprehensive scientific study in the Chindwin River Basin to assess water quality and sources of water pollution and to effectively address issues of river basin degradation and concerns for public health and safety. This study aims to assess the status of water quality in the Chindwin River and the potential impact of mining activities on the water quality and loading through monitoring program and modeling approach. 17 locations in the upper, middle and lower parts of the Chindwin River Basin were selected for water quality monitoring. These sites are located near Homalin, Kalewa, Kani and Monywa townships where human activities and interventions could affect water quality. Water quality sampling and testing in the Chindwin River was conducted two times per year: in the dry season (May-June) and in the wet season (September-October) during 2015-2017. We monitored 21 parameters including heavy metals such as Lead (Pb), Mercury (Hg), Copper (Cu) and Iron (Fe). The observed values of Mercury in Uru River in the upper Chindwin River Basin which located nearby gold mining sites shown higher than the WHO drinking standard. This area also has high values of turbidity and Total Suspended Solid. The SHETRAN hydrological model, PHREEQC geochemical model and LOADEST model were used to quantify the heavy metal loads in the Uru River. Results from scenario analysis indicate an increase in Arsenic and Mercury load under increment of concentration due to expansions in mining areas. In both baseline and future climate conditions, the Uru downstream area shows the highest load effluent in both Arsenic and Mercury. These heavy metal loads will intensify the declining water quality condition in Chindwin River and can impact negatively on human health who use water for drinking. Therefore, we recommend that water quality monitoring should continue to provide scientific-evidence for decision-makers to manage water quality and mining activities properly.  Water treatment systems for drinking water are required to remove turbidity, Total Suspended Solid, and Mercury from raw water sources. Raising awareness of relevant stakeholders (local people, farmers, private sectors, etc.) is necessary as many people living in the Chindwin River Basin are using water directly from the river and other waterways without proper water treatment.</p>

A New Hybrid Inverse Modeling Method for Water Quality Monitoring Using Remotely Sensed Data

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Taheri Shahraiyni ◽  
M. Schaale ◽  
S. Bagheri ◽  
F. Fell ◽  
J. Fischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Inverse Modeling ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Modeling Method ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data

scholarly journals Near real time water quality monitoring of Chivero and Manyame lakes of Zimbabwe

2018 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Muchini ◽  
Webster Gumindoga ◽  
Sydney Togarepi ◽  
Tarirai Pinias Masarira ◽  
Timothy Dube
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Remotely Sensed ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Web Portal

Abstract. Zimbabwe's water resources are under pressure from both point and non-point sources of pollution hence the need for regular and synoptic assessment. In-situ and laboratory based methods of water quality monitoring are point based and do not provide a synoptic coverage of the lakes. This paper presents novel methods for retrieving water quality parameters in Chivero and Manyame lakes, Zimbabwe, from remotely sensed imagery. Remotely sensed derived water quality parameters are further validated using in-situ data. It also presents an application for automated retrieval of those parameters developed in VB6, as well as a web portal for disseminating the water quality information to relevant stakeholders. The web portal is developed, using Geoserver, open layers and HTML. Results show the spatial variation of water quality and an automated remote sensing and GIS system with a web front end to disseminate water quality information.

Water quality considerations in developing a new resource for water supply within the midlands of England

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Smith ◽  
S. Crymble
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Programme ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Major Consideration

Increasing demand for limited water resources within the Midlands of England resulted in a lower quality river being considered for water supply in an area of high urban and rural population. A comprehensive water quality monitoring programme was undertaken on the river to compare its quality with other sources used for water supply. Concurrent with the monitoring programme a series of laboratory scale trials began to assess how the river water could be treated, and the costs involved. A major consideration was the need to provide treated water by the summer of 1997, which precluded a complete new water treatment process from being designed. The paper outlines the results from the monitoring programme, including some of the problem parameters such as pesticides at over 10 ug/l, and how some of the sources of these pollutants were identified. It also describes the treatment trials and explains how a water treatment process was developed which utilises disused gravel workings to provide bankside storage and a combination of powdered and granular activated carbon to remove organic pollutants.

Methods of optimizing chlorammoniation processes on the basis of online water quality monitoring (experience of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg»)

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-16
Author(s):  
В.А. Гвоздев ◽  
Т.М. Портнова ◽  
Т.Ф. Корчиго ◽  
С.З. Морозова ◽  
Е.Н. Семиволос ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Production Control ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Laboratory Methods

На водопроводных очистных сооружениях дезинфекция воды с применением хлора, наряду с ее фильтрованием, является исторически самым старым и потому рутинным технологическим процессом. Практика управления процессом дезинфекции, складывающаяся на сооружениях в течение многих лет, часто основывается на не вполне обоснованных, а иногда и на ошибочных решениях, принятых в прошлом. Главными ориентирами, как правило, являются только нормируемые параметры: остаточная концентрация хлора и микробиологические показатели на выходе станции. Между тем расположение точек ввода реагентов, их начальные концентрации и режим дозирования имеют ключевое значение с точки зрения эффективности, надежности и безопасности технологии. Точность и оперативность контроля концентраций реагентов, контроль эффективности связывания хлора в случае аммонизации воды являются определяющими факторами при автоматизации процесса. Традиционно и формально программы производственного контроля базируются на лабораторных методах, разработанных еще в начале ХХ века. В то же время прогресс в аналитическом приборостроении позволяет вести контроль технологических параметров дезинфекции в режиме реального времени. Представлены результаты опытно-промышленных испытаний оптимизации процессов хлораммонизации на основе онлайн-контроля качества воды. Испытания проведены на Южной водопроводной станции ГУП «Водоканал Санкт-Петербурга». Выполнен анализ лабораторных методов контроля концентрации активного хлора и азотсодержащих веществ с точки зрения обеспечения достоверной оценки физико-химических процессов хлораммонизации. Дана оценка возможностей современных анализаторов для повышения эффективности, точности и безопасности методов управления процессом хлораммонизации. Во введении приведены некоторые значимые события в истории развития технологии дезинфекции воды в России и в мире. Disinfection of water with chlorine, along with the filtration at water treatment facilities has been historically the oldest and therefore routine technological process. The practice of disinfection process control that has been developed at the facilities over many years is often based on not exactly justified, and sometimes on erroneous, decisions made in the past. The main reference points, as a rule, are only regulated parameters, i. e., residual chlorine concentration and microbiological indicators at the outlet of the facilities. Meanwhile, the location of the chemical injection points, initial concentrations of chemicals and the dosing rate are of key importance from the point of view of the technology efficiency, reliability and safety. Accuracy and efficiency of chemical concentration control, control of the chlorine binding efficiency in the process of water ammoniation are the decisive factors in the process automation. Traditionally and formally, production control programs are based on the laboratory methods developed back in the early twentieth century. At the same time, progress in analytical instrumentation provides for monitoring the process parameters of disinfection in real time mode. The results of pilot tests of optimizing chlorammoniation processes based on online water quality monitoring are presented. The tests were carried out at the Southern Water Treatment Plant of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg». The analysis of the laboratory methods for monitoring the concentration of active chlorine and nitrogen-containing substances from the point of view of ensuring a reliable assessment of the physicochemical processes of chlorammoniation has been carried out. An assessment of the capabilities of modern analyzers for improving the efficiency, accuracy and safety of methods for controlling the chlorammoniation process is given. Some significant events in the history of the development of water disinfection technology in Russia and in the world are given in the Introduction.

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