scholarly journals Application of Sentinel-1 and-2 Images in Measuring the Deformation of Kuh-e-Namak (Dashti) Namakier, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 785
Author(s):  
Sen Zhang ◽  
Qigang Jiang ◽  
Chao Shi ◽  
Xitong Xu ◽  
Yundi Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Sbas Insar ◽  
Aperture Radar

Kuh-e-Namak (Dashti) namakier is one of the most active salt diapirs along the Zagros fold–thrust belt in Iran. Its surface deformation should be measured to estimate its long-term kinematics. Ten Sentinel-2 optical images acquired between October 2016 and December 2019 were processed by using Co-Registration of Optically Sensed Images and Correlation (COSI-Corr) method. Forty-seven Sentinel-1 ascending Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images acquired between April 2017 and December 2019 were processed by using Small Baseline Subset Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (SBAS-InSAR) method. The deformation of Kuh-e-Namak (Dashti) namakier was measured using both methods. Then, meteorological data were utilized to explore the relationship between the kinematics of the namakier and weather conditions and differences in macrodeformation behavior of various rock salt types. The advantages and disadvantages of COSI-Corr and SBAS-InSAR methods in measuring the deformation of the namakier were compared. The results show that: (1) The flank subsides in the dry season and uplifts in the rainy season, whereas the dome subsides in the rainy season and uplifts in the dry season. Under extreme rainfall conditions, the namakier experiences permanent plastic deformation. (2) The “dirty” rock salt of the namakier is more prone to flow than the “clean” rock salt in terms of macrodeformation behavior. (3) In the exploration of the kinematics of the namakier via the two methods, COSI-Corr is superior to SBAS-InSAR on a spatial scale, but the latter is superior to the former on a time scale.

scholarly journals Atmospheric corrections in interferometric synthetic aperture radar surface deformation – a case study of the city of Mendoza, Argentina

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Balbarani ◽  
P. A. Euillades ◽  
L. D. Euillades ◽  
F. Casu ◽  
N. C. Riveros
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Aperture Radar

Abstract. Differential interferometry is a remote sensing technique that allows studying crustal deformation produced by several phenomena like earthquakes, landslides, land subsidence and volcanic eruptions. Advanced techniques, like small baseline subsets (SBAS), exploit series of images acquired by synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensors during a given time span. Phase propagation delay in the atmosphere is the main systematic error of interferometric SAR measurements. It affects differently images acquired at different days or even at different hours of the same day. So, datasets acquired during the same time span from different sensors (or sensor configuration) often give diverging results. Here we processed two datasets acquired from June 2010 to December 2011 by COSMO-SkyMed satellites. One of them is HH-polarized, and the other one is VV-polarized and acquired on different days. As expected, time series computed from these datasets show differences. We attributed them to non-compensated atmospheric artifacts and tried to correct them by using ERA-Interim global atmospheric model (GAM) data. With this method, we were able to correct less than 50% of the scenes, considering an area where no phase unwrapping errors were detected. We conclude that GAM-based corrections are not enough for explaining differences in computed time series, at least in the processed area of interest. We remark that no direct meteorological data for the GAM-based corrections were employed. Further research is needed in order to understand under what conditions this kind of data can be used.

scholarly journals Sentinel-1 and Ground-Based Sensors for Continuous Monitoring of the Corvara Landslide (South Tyrol, Italy)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Darvishi ◽  
Romy Schlögel ◽  
Christian Kofler ◽  
Giovanni Cuozzo ◽  
Martin Rutzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
South Tyrol ◽  
Temporal Decorrelation ◽  
Aperture Radar

The Copernicus Sentinel-1 mission provides synthetic aperture radar (SAR) acquisitions over large areas with high temporal and spatial resolution. This new generation of satellites providing open-data products has enhanced the capabilities for continuously studying Earth surface changes. Over the past two decades, several studies have demonstrated the potential of differential synthetic aperture radar interferometry (DInSAR) for detecting and quantifying land surface deformation. DInSAR limitations and challenges are linked to the SAR properties and the field conditions (especially in mountainous environments) leading to spatial and temporal decorrelation of the SAR signal. High temporal decorrelation can be caused by changes in vegetation (particularly in nonurban areas), atmospheric conditions, or high ground surface velocity. In this study, the kinematics of the complex and vegetated Corvara landslide, situated in Val Badia (South Tyrol, Italy), are monitored by a network of three permanent and 13 monthly measured benchmark points measured with the differential global navigation satellite system (DGNSS) technique. The slope displacement rates are found to be highly unsteady and reach several meters a year. This paper focuses firstly on evaluating the performance of DInSAR changing unwrapping and coherence parameters with Sentinel-1 imagery, and secondly, on applying DInSAR with DGNSS measurements to monitor an active and complex landslide. To this end, 41 particular SAR images, coherence thresholds, and 2D and 3D unwrapping processes give various results in terms of reliability and accuracy, supporting the understanding of the landslide velocity field. Evolutions of phase changes are analysed according to the coherence, the changing field conditions, and the monitored ground-based displacements.

scholarly journals Production-Induced Subsidence at the Los Humeros Geothermal Field Inferred from PS-InSAR

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Békési ◽  
Peter A. Fokker ◽  
Joana E. Martins ◽  
Jon Limberger ◽  
Damien Bonté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Ground Deformation ◽  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Geomechanical Properties ◽  
Reservoir Compartmentalization ◽  
Aperture Radar

Surface deformation due to fluid extraction can be detected by satellite-based geodetic sensors, providing important insights on subsurface geomechanical properties. In this study, we use Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) observations to measure ground deformation due to fluid extraction at the Los Humeros Geothermal Field (Puebla, Mexico). Our main goal is to reveal the pressure distribution in the reservoir and to identify reservoir compartmentalization, which can be important aspects for optimizing the production of the field. The result of the PS-InSAR (Persistent Scatterer by Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry) analysis shows that the subsidence at the LHGF was up to 8 mm/year between April 2003 and March 2007, which is small relative to the produced volume of 5×106 m3/year. The subsidence pattern indicates that the geothermal field is controlled by sealing faults separating the reservoir into several blocks. To assess if this is the case, we relate surface movements with volume changes in the reservoir through analytical solutions for different types of nuclei of strain. We constrain our models with the movements of the PS points as target observations. Our models imply small volume changes in the reservoir, and the different nuclei of strain solutions differ only slightly. These findings suggest that the pressure within the reservoir is well supported and that reservoir recharge is taking place.

Transient active deformation in Tainan tableland using persistent scatterers SAR interferometry

2013 ◽  
Vol 184 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 441-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Yia Wu ◽  
Jyr-Ching Hu ◽  
Geng-Pei Lin ◽  
Chung-Pai Chang ◽  
Hsin Tung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Uplift Rate ◽  
Active Deformation ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
Persistent Scatterers ◽  
Area North ◽  
Aperture Radar

Abstract Persistent scatterers SAR interferometry (PS-InSAR) was employed to monitor surface deformation in and around the Tainan tableland using 20 advanced synthetic aperture radar (ASAR) images from the ENVISAT satellite taken during the period from 2005 May 19 to 2008 September 25. In our study, we have found that the uplift rate of the northern Tainan tableland is faster than the southern tableland. The slant range displacement (SRD) rate for the area north along the precise leveling array is about 5 to 10 mm/yr with respect to the western edge of the Tainan tableland, whereas the SRD rate for the area south of the leveling array is about 1 to 5 mm/yr. In addition, the uplifted area extends eastward to the Tawan lowland with a maximum SRD rate of nearly 10 mm/yr, which is almost the same as the rate of the Tainan tableland. Results of this study differ from those suggested in previous researches that employed ERS-1/2 radar images taken from 1996 to 1999 and the differential interferometry synthetic aperture radar (D-InSAR) technique. Our findings indicated that the Tawan lowland no longer subsides with respect to the western edge of the Tainan tableland, and that both northern and southern areas are experiencing uplift.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF DATA APPLICABILITY FOR D-INSAR IN AREAS COVERED BY ABUNDANT VEGETATION

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 2277-2281
Author(s):  
P. Zhang ◽  
Z. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Disaster Assessment ◽  
Evaluation Of Data ◽  
Aperture Radar

In the past few years, the frequent geological disasters have caused enormous casualties and economic losses. Therefore, D-InSAR (differential interferometry synthetic aperture radar) has been widely used in early-warning and post disaster assessment. However, large area of decorrelation often occurs in the areas covered with abundant vegetation, which seriously affects the accuracy of surface deformation monitoring. In this paper, we analysed the effect of sensor parameters and external environment parameters on special decorrelation. Then Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) datasets acquired by X-band TerraSAR-X, Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Satellite-2 (ALOS-2), and C-band Sentinel-1 in Guizhou province were collected and analysed to generate the maps of coherence, which were used to evaluating the applicability of datasets of different wavelengths for D-InSAR in forest area. Finally, we found that datasets acquired by ALOS-2 had the best monitoring effect.

scholarly journals A SHORT REVIEW ON PERSISTENT SCATTERER INTERFEROMETRY TECHNIQUES FOR SURFACE DEFORMATION MONITORING

2022 ◽  
Vol XLVI-4/W3-2021 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
A. M. H. Ansar ◽  
A. H. M. Din ◽  
A. S. A. Latip ◽  
M. N. M. Reba
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Structural Development ◽  
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Persistent Scatterer Interferometry ◽  
Persistent Scatterers ◽  
Persistent Scatterer ◽  
Aperture Radar

Abstract. Technology advancement has urged the development of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to be upgraded and transformed. The main contribution of the InSAR technique is that the surface deformation changes measurements can achieve up to millimetre level precision. Environmental problems such as landslides, volcanoes, earthquakes, excessive underground water production, and other phenomena can cause the earth's surface deformation. Deformation monitoring of a surface is vital as unexpected movement, and future behaviour can be detected and predicted. InSAR time series analysis, known as Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI), has become an essential tool for measuring surface deformation. Therefore, this study provides a review of the PSI techniques used to measure surface deformation changes. An overview of surface deformation and the basic principles of the four techniques that have been developed from the improvement of Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PSInSAR), which is Small Baseline Subset (SBAS), Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS), SqueeSAR and Quasi Persistent Scatterer (QPS) were summarised to perceive the ability of these techniques in monitoring surface deformation. This study also emphasises the effectiveness and restrictions of each developed technique and how they suit Malaysia conditions and environment. The future outlook for Malaysia in realising the PSI techniques for structural monitoring also discussed in this review. Finally, this review will lead to the implementation of appropriate techniques and better preparation for the country's structural development.

scholarly journals Fusion of SAR Interferometry and Polarimetry Methods for Landslide Reactivation Study, the Bureya River (Russia) Event Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5136
Author(s):  
Valery Bondur ◽  
Tumen Chimitdorzhiev ◽  
Aleksey Dmitriev ◽  
Pavel Dagurov
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Aperture Radar ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Scattering Mechanisms ◽  
Radar Images ◽  
Landslide Reactivation ◽  
Sbas Insar ◽  
Aperture Radar

In this paper, we demonstrate the estimation capabilities of landslide reactivation based on various SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) methods: Cloude-Pottier decomposition of Sentinel-1 dual polarimetry data, MT-InSAR (Multi-temporal Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) techniques, and cloud computing of backscattering time series. The object of the study is the landslide in the east of Russia that took place on 11 December 2018 on the Bureya River. H-α-A polarimetric decomposition of C-band radar images not detected significant transformations of scattering mechanisms for the surface of the rupture, whereas L-band radar data show changes in scattering mechanisms before and after the main landslide. The assessment of ground displacements along the surface of the rupture in the 2019–2021 snowless periods was carried out using MT-InSAR methods. These displacements were 40 mm/year along the line of sight. The SBAS-InSAR results have allowed us to reveal displacements of great area in 2020 and 2021 snowless periods that were 30–40 mm/year along the line-of-sight. In general, the results obtained by MT-InSAR methods showed, on the one hand, the continuation of displacements along the surface of the rupture and on the other hand, some stabilization of the rate of landslide processes.

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