scholarly journals A Preliminary Study of Wave Energy Resource Using an HF Marine Radar, Application to an Eastern Southern Pacific Location: Advantages and Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Valeria Mundaca-Moraga ◽  
Rodrigo Abarca-del-Rio ◽  
Dante Figueroa ◽  
James Morales
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Hf Radar ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Wave Radar ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

As climate change is of global concern, the electric generation through fossil fuel is progressively shifted to renewable energies. Among the renewables, the most common solar and wind, the wave energy stands for its high-power density. Studies about wave energy resource have been increasing over the years, especially in coastal countries. Several research investigations have assessed the global wave power, with higher values at high latitudes. However, to have a precise assessment of this resource, the measurement systems need to provide a high temporal and spatial resolution, and due to the lack of in-situ measurements, the way to estimate this value is numerical. Here, we use a high-frequency radar to estimate the wave energy resource in a nearshore central Chile at a high resolution. The study focuses near Concepción city (36.5° S), using a WERA (WavE RAdar) high frequency (HF) radar. The amount of annual energy collected is calculated. Analysis of coefficient of variation (COV), seasonal variability (SV), and monthly variability (MV) shows the area's suitability for installing a wave energy converter device due to a relatively low variability and the high concentration of wave power obtained. The utility of HF radars in energy terms relies on its high resolution, both temporal and spatial. It can then compare the location of interest within small areas and use them as a complement to satellite measurements or numerical models, demonstrating its versatility.

scholarly journals Modeling Sea Ice Effects for Wave Energy Resource Assessments

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3482
Author(s):  
Ruth Branch ◽  
Gabriel García-Medina ◽  
Zhaoqing Yang ◽  
Taiping Wang ◽  
Fadia Ticona Rollano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Wave Models ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Wave-generated power has potential as a valuable coastal resource, but the wave climate needs to be mapped for feasibility before wave energy converters are installed. Numerical models are used for wave resource assessments to quantify the amount of available power and its seasonality. Alaska is the U.S. state with the longest coastline and has extensive wave resources, but it is affected by seasonal sea ice that dampens the wave energy and the full extent of this dampening is unknown. To accurately characterize the wave resource in regions that experience seasonal sea ice, coastal wave models must account for these effects. The aim of this study is to determine how the dampening effects of sea ice change wave energy resource assessments in the nearshore. Here, we show that by combining high-resolution sea ice imagery with a sea ice/wave dampening parameterization in an unstructured grid, the Simulating Waves Nearshore (SWAN) model improves wave height predictions and demonstrates the extent to which wave power decreases when sea ice is present. The sea ice parametrization decreases the bias and root mean square errors of wave height comparisons with two wave buoys and predicts a decrease in the wave power of up to 100 kW/m in areas around Prince William Sound, Alaska. The magnitude of the improvement of the model/buoy comparison depends on the coefficients used to parameterize the wave–ice interaction.

scholarly journals HF Radars for Wave Energy Resource Assessment Offshore NW Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2070
Author(s):  
Ana Basañez ◽  
Vicente Pérez-Muñuzuri
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Energy Converters

Wave energy resource assessment is crucial for the development of the marine renewable industry. High-frequency radars (HF radars) have been demonstrated to be a useful wave measuring tool. Therefore, in this work, we evaluated the accuracy of two CODAR Seasonde HF radars for describing the wave energy resource of two offshore areas in the west Galician coast, Spain (Vilán and Silleiro capes). The resulting wave characterization was used to estimate the electricity production of two wave energy converters. Results were validated against wave data from two buoys and two numerical models (SIMAR, (Marine Simulation) and WaveWatch III). The statistical validation revealed that the radar of Silleiro cape significantly overestimates the wave power, mainly due to a large overestimation of the wave energy period. The effect of the radars’ data loss during low wave energy periods on the mean wave energy is partially compensated with the overestimation of wave height and energy period. The theoretical electrical energy production of the wave energy converters was also affected by these differences. Energy period estimation was found to be highly conditioned to the unimodal interpretation of the wave spectrum, and it is expected that new releases of the radar software will be able to characterize different sea states independently.

A high-resolution wave energy resource assessment of Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 1349-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustinus Ribal ◽  
Alexander V. Babanin ◽  
Stefan Zieger ◽  
Qingxiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Resource Assessment

Wave Energy Assessments in the Coastal Environment of Portugal Continental

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugen Rusu ◽  
C. Guedes Soares
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Wave Climate ◽  
Coastal Environment ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
Relevant Parameter ◽  
Density Spectrum ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Power Resources

The potential for wave energy extraction can be obtained from the analysis of the wave climate which can be determined with numerical models. The wave energy devices can be deployed in offshore, nearshore and shoreline. From this reason, it is important to be able to assess properly the spatial distribution of the wave energy in various locations from the offshore to the coastline in a specific area. The methodology proposed here considers a SWAN based wave model system focusing in the Portuguese continental coastal environment from deep water towards the nearshore. An analysis of the average and high energetic conditions was first performed for a ten-year period, between 1994 and 2003, considering the most relevant in situ measurements available in the Portuguese nearshore. In this way both the average and high energetic conditions corresponding to the Portuguese continental costal environment have been properly defined. For the most relevant average wave conditions, SWAN simulations were performed in some medium resolution areas covering the northern and central parts of Portugal continental, which are traditionally considered richer in wave power resources. The present work allows the identification of some locations in the continental coastal environment of Portugal with greater potential from the point of view of wave power resources. An important observation is related to the fact that the wave power depends on the product between the energy density spectrum and the group velocity of waves. This means that, although the significant wave height is a relevant parameter when assessing the wave power in a specific site, a location having in general higher wave heights is not necessarily also the richest in wave power.

Hebridean Marine Energy Resources: Wave-Power Characterisation Using a Buoy Network

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Vögler ◽  
Vengatesan Venugopal
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
Energy Futures ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Marine Energy ◽  
Outer Hebrides

The Outer Hebrides of Scotland were identified as an area with a high wave power resource of 42.4kW/m. The Outer Hebrides of Scotland are currently targeted by a range of developers for demonstration and commercial developments of wave energy converters and current planning efforts are based on initial deployments by 2014. Technology providers with well advanced plans to develop the Hebridean wave resource include Aquamarine Power (Oyster) [1], Pelamis (P2) [2] and Voith Wavegen (OWC) [3]; all of these companies are partners in the Hebridean Marine Energy Futures project [4] to help move the industry into the commercialisation stage. As part of the Hebridean Marine Energy Futures project, a three year programme aimed at developing a high resolution wave energy resource map to support the site selection process of marine energy developers, a network of three wave measuring buoys was deployed 15km offshore in a depth of 60m and at distances of 11km between buoys. Measured wind and wave data from this buoy network for autumn 2011 are analysed and presented in this paper along with estimated wave power for the same duration.

scholarly journals Observation of Zenneck-Like Waves over a Metasurface Designed for Launching HF Radar Surface Wave

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Jangal ◽  
Nicolas Bourey ◽  
Muriel Darces ◽  
François Issac ◽  
Marc Hélier
Keyword(s):  
Surface Wave ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Dielectric Medium ◽  
Hf Radar ◽  
Dielectric Slab ◽  
High Frequency Band ◽  
High Attenuation ◽  
Wave Radar ◽  
Infrared Method ◽  
Constant Interest

Since the beginning of the 20th century a controversy has been continuously revived about the existence of the Zenneck Wave. This wave is a theoretical solution of Maxwell’s equations and might be propagated along the interface between the air and a dielectric medium. The expected weak attenuation at large distance explains the constant interest for this wave. Notably in the High Frequency band such a wave had been thought as a key point to reduce the high attenuation observed in High Frequency Surface Wave Radar. Despite many works on that topic and various experiments attempted during one century, there is still an alternation of statements between its existence and its nonexistence. We report here an experiment done during the optimisation of the transmitting antennas for Surface Wave Radars. Using an infrared method, we visualize a wave having the structure described by Zenneck above a metasurface located on a dielectric slab.

Performance Evaluation of SeaSonde High-Frequency Radar for Vessel Detection

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh J. Roarty ◽  
Erick Rivera Lemus ◽  
Ethan Handel ◽  
Scott M. Glenn ◽  
Donald E. Barrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Hf Radar ◽  
High Frequency Radar ◽  
Detection And Tracking ◽  
Surface Vessels ◽  
Wave Radar ◽  
Vessel Detection ◽  
Track Surface ◽  
Maritime Domain Awareness

AbstractHigh-frequency (HF) surface wave radar has been identified to be a gap-filling technology for Maritime Domain Awareness. Present SeaSonde HF radars have been designed to map surface currents but are able to track surface vessels in a dual-use mode. Rutgers and CODAR Ocean Sensors, Ltd., have collaborated on the development of vessel detection and tracking capabilities from compact HF radars, demonstrating that ships can be detected and tracked by multistatic HF radar in a multiship environment while simultaneously mapping ocean currents. Furthermore, the same vessel is seen simultaneously by the radar based on different processing parameters, mitigating the need to preselect a fixed set and thereby improving detection performance.

scholarly journals Research on Polarization Cancellation of Nonstationary Ionosphere Clutter in HF Radar System

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingpeng Mao ◽  
Hong Hong ◽  
Weibo Deng ◽  
Yongtan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Wave ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Interference Cancellation ◽  
Radar System ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Hf Radar ◽  
Oblique Projection ◽  
Polarization Filter ◽  
Wave Radar

Oblique projection polarization filter (OPPF) can be applied as an effective approach for interference cancellation in high-frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) and other systems. In order to suppress the nonstationary ionosphere clutter further, a novel OPPF based clutter suppressing scheme is proposed in this paper. The polarization and nonstationary characteristic of the clutter are taken into account in the algorithms referred to as range-Doppler domain polarization suppression (RDDPS) and the range-time domain polarization suppression (RTDPS) method, respectively. The RDDPS is designed for weak ionosphere clutter and implemented in the range-Doppler domain directly, whereas the RTDPS algorithm is designed to suppress the powerful ionosphere clutter with a multisegment estimation and suppression scheme. About 15–23 dB signal to interference ratio (SIR) improvement can be excepted when using the proposed method, whereas the targets can be more easily detected in the range-Doppler map. Experimental results demonstrate that the scheme proposed is effective for nonstationary ionosphere clutter and is proven to be a practical interference cancellation technique for HFSWR.

scholarly journals Wave Energy Assessment and Wind Correlation for the North Region of Scotland, Hindcast Resource and Calibration, Investigating for Improvements of Physical Model for Adaptation to Temporal Correlation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Lavidas ◽  
Vengatesan Venugopal ◽  
Daniel Friedrich ◽  
Atul Argawal
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Resource Assessment ◽  
Wave Modelling ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
The North ◽  
Set Up

Wave energy sites around Scotland, are considered one of the most energetic waters, as they are exposed to the Atlantic Ocean. The amount of energy reaching the shoreline provides an opportunity for wave energy deployments. Currently, considerations on wave devices expect them to be installed at nearshore locations. That means that the potential wave resource has to be investigated, since deep to shallow water interactions alter the shape of propagated waves. Resource assessment for these regions is essential in order to estimate the available and extractable energy resource. Although several numerical models exist for wave modelling, not all are suitable for nearshore applications. For the present work, the nearshore wave model SWAN has been used to simulate waves for the Hebridean region. The set-up, calibration and validation of the model are discussed. The resulting wave conditions are compared with buoy measurements. Results indicate that the modelling technique performed well.

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