scholarly journals Dual-Frequency Airborne SAR for Large Scale Mapping of Tidal Flats

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Pinheiro ◽  
Joel Amao-Oliva ◽  
Rolf Scheiber ◽  
Marc Jaeger ◽  
Ralf Horn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Tidal Flats ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
First Results ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Airborne Sar ◽  
Flooded Areas ◽  
Sea Coast ◽  
North Sea Coast

Digital elevation models of tidal flats are a most valuable data source for the water management of coastal areas and need frequent updates to account for changes in sedimentation, erosion and identification of damages in building infrastructure. This paper presents the conceptual design, the processing methodology and first results of an airborne SAR campaign conducted in July 2019 at the German North Sea coast, showing the potential for accurate monitoring of height changes at decimeter level in mudflat areas, as well as indication of vegetation cover and water flooded areas.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL REACTIONS OF TIDAL SYSTEMS DUE TO NEARSHORE CONSTRUCTION WORKS

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Dieckmann ◽  
H.W. Partenscky ◽  
H. Schwarze
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Tidal Flats ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Large Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Sea Coast ◽  
North Sea Coast ◽  
Construction Works

The nearshore region of the North German North Sea coast is characterised by a large area of tidal flats with a width of 10 to 30 km (Fig. 1) . The development of the structure of this coastal area in the past centuries was mainly determined by several severe storm surges, which have destroyed the formerly existing coastline. In its present state the coastal area is subdived into numerous tidal flats, islands and peninsulas of different size and more or less deep channels and small gullies. Due to its historical development, this area cannot be expected to be morphologically stable. Once people learnt to build safe dikes, the coastline existing at the time was fixed whilst the islands in the shore belt were protected against flooding during storm surges. However, the shore belt is furthermore exposed to waves and tidal currents which cause - apart from certain shlftings of gullies - extensive permanent erosion and sedimentation in parts of the shore belt with an increasing tendency in the last decades. The nearshore region at some places on the coast is extremely endangered in its function as part of the coastal protection system, consisting of the dike, the foreshore above MHW and the tidal flat area. First attempts to achieve morphological stabilisation of the nearshore region consisted in the construction of dams normal to the coastline. However, the shore belt still remained morphologically unstable and could not yet be transformed into a stable system.

scholarly journals DETAILED PLANNING OF BEACH NOURISHMENT BASED ON MONITORING OF COASTLINE UNDULATIONS AND DUNE EROSION

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Holger Toxvig Madsen ◽  
Soeren Bjerre Knudsen ◽  
Per Soerensen
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Beach Nourishment ◽  
Central Section ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
Dune Erosion ◽  
Coastal Retreat ◽  
Sea Coast ◽  
North Sea Coast

The overall coastline management strategy for the central section of the Danish North Sea coast is to halt the process of coastal retreat and maintain a certain safety level against flooding. The sudden erosion of 10-25 m of a dune during a storm or a gale is thus a cause for concern. Such local dune erosion is often observed where an inward coastline undulation is situated off a section of the coast where the dune is not in equilibrium with the rest of the profile. During a storm this latent dune erosion is then released. By analysing the migration of coastline undulations and detecting the profiles with latent dune erosion the expectation is that the majority of large-scale dune erosion can be foreseen and avoided by adaptation of the nourishment programme.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS AND MORPHOLOGY OF SAND BANKS IN THE SURF ZONE OF OUTER TIDAL FLATS

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (14) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Harald Gohren
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Surf Zone ◽  
Tidal Flats ◽  
Wind Drift ◽  
Side Slope ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Strong Erosion ◽  
Crest Height ◽  
Sea Coast ◽  
North Sea Coast

Extended sand banks ranging up to some hundred acres with a crest height in the MHW-level are typical structures of the outer tidal flats of the south-eastern North Sea coast (Fig. 1). Primary forms grow up in the surf zone at the sea-side tidal flat border. They are formed like bars and migrate towards the coast with a surprisingly high velocity, up to 150 m/year. The movement is caused by strong erosion on the sea-side slope - which is shaped beach-like - and deposition at the steeper land-side (lee-side) slope. It was found that surf action at the bar is linked with strong unidirectional currents across the crest, Up to 100 cm/s. The currents are most likely generated by wave set-up in front of the bank and by wind-drift water motion.

scholarly journals SECULAR CHANGE IN TIDAL FLAT HEIGHTS

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (21) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Winfried Siefert
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Tidal Flats ◽  
Coastal Engineering ◽  
Secular Change ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Sea Coast ◽  
North Sea Coast

The German North Sea Coast is relatively short (370 km); its shape is extremely irregular with estuaries, extended tidal flats, partly protected by sandy islands with deep tidal gullies between them (Fig. 1). In order to gain more detailed information and sufficient knowledge about the variety and variations in this region, the German Coastal Engineering Board (KFKI, Kuratorium fur Forschung im Kusteningenieurwesen) has initiated a high-level and extensive programme, "MORAN", "Morphological Analysis Klorth-Sea-Coast". The purpose and the first ideas of the programme were presented by Siefert and Barthel (1981). Investigations are still under way. It is of high interest whether the mean height of the tidal flats will rise, if the green house effect results in an acceleration of the mean sea level rise. In that case coastal protection in areas behind tidal flats will have to be changed completely, as then wave energy will no longer be dissipated in front of the coastline and will attack the dikes heavily .

scholarly journals GBIR SLC and interferometric simulation of Blue 05s Dam, Missouri

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ahmed Ibrahim Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Fast Acting ◽  
Aperture Radar

The limitations in current commercial satellite-based Synthetic Aperture RADAR (SAR) datasets are being partially emphasized by a specialized (dual-frequency, polarimetric, and interferometric) ground-based real-aperture RADAR (GBIR) instrument developed by a team from University of Missouri (MU) in conjunction with GAMMA Remote Sensing. This MU GBIR possesses high temporal and spatial resolution, which make it well suited for measuring small and relatively fast-acting surface deformation. Simulation of single look complex (SLC) imagery and interferograms of a study site allows one to test and evaluate new methods or techniques under known conditions. A simulation of MU GBIR SLCs and interferograms is investigated in this document. The simulation accounts for the fluctuating, non-fluctuating, electromagnetic shadowing, system phase noise, and other noise components. Given a digital elevation model (DEM) and a MU GBIR position, the simulated imagery can be generated. For this study, we investigated several conditions of our Blue 05s, Missouri study site. Qualitatively the measurement SLC imagery compares well with the large-scale trends of the simulated SLCs imagery. Simulated interferograms for various refractivity change cases and noise scenarios (i.e. noisy and low noise) were explored. The noisy-scenario large-scale phase trends are similar to the low-noise scenarios. There are some small-scale differences in the phase scenarios, which are mainly associated with vegetative land cover. The phase fringes are preserved well on the dam structure and other persistent like structures.

Materials for the history of the gospel-Baptist movement in Ukraine

1996 ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
S. Golovaschenko ◽  
Petro Kosuha
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Religious Studies ◽  
Theological Seminary ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Evangelical Christians ◽  
Evangelical Christian ◽  
First Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fruitful Cooperation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The report is based on the first results of the study "The History of the Evangelical Christians-Baptists in Ukraine", carried out in 1994-1996 by the joint efforts of the Department of Religious Studies at the Institute of Philosophy of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Odessa Theological Seminary of Evangelical Christian Baptists. A large-scale description and research of archival sources on the history of evangelical movements in our country gave the first experience of fruitful cooperation between secular and church researchers.

Sustainable Production of Honeydew and Muskmelon in Western Mexico

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 495d-495
Author(s):  
J. Farias-Larios ◽  
A. Michel-Rosales
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
First Results ◽  
Legume Cover Crop ◽  
Banana Leaves ◽  
Research Show

In Western Mexico, melon production depends on high-input systems to maximize yield and product quality. Tillage, plasticulture, fumigation with methyl bromide, and fertigation, are the principal management practices in these systems. However, at present several problems has been found: pests as sweetpotato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius), aphids (Myzus and Aphis), leafminer (Liryomiza sativae); diseases as Fusarium, Verticilium, and Pseudoperenospora, and weeds demand high pesticide utilization and labor. There is a growing demand for alternative cultural practices, with an emphasis on reducing off-farm input labor and chemicals. Our research is based on use of organic mulches, such as: rice straw, mature maize leaves, banana leaves, sugarcane bagasse, coconut leaves, and living mulches with annual legume cover crop in melons with crop rotation, such as: Canavalia, Stilozobium, Crotalaria, and Clitoria species. Also, inoculations with mycorrhizal arbuscular fungi for honeydew and cantaloupe melon seedlings production are been assayed in greenhouse conditions for a transplant system. The use of life barriers with sorghum, marigold, and other aromatic native plants in conjunction with a colored yellow systems traps for monitoring pests is being studied as well. While that the pest control is based in commercial formulations of Beauveria bassiana for biological control. The first results of this research show that the Glomus intraradices, G. fasciculatum, G. etunicatum, and G. mosseae reached 38.5%, 33.5%, 27.0%, and 31.0% of root infection levels, respectively. Honeydew melons production with rice and corn straw mulches shows an beneficial effect with 113.30 and 111.20 kg/plot of 10 m2 compared with bare soil with 100.20 kg. The proposed system likely also lowers production cost and is applicable to small- and large-scale melon production.

Use of lime for the upgrading of existing wastewater treatment systems

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Güldner ◽  
W. Hegemann ◽  
N. Peschen ◽  
K. Sölter
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
German States ◽  
Lime Solution ◽  
First Results ◽  
Pre Treatment

The integration of the chemical precipitation unit which would inject a lime solution into a series of mechanical-biological processes, including nitrification/denitrification, and the sludge treatment are the subject of this project. The essential target is the large-scale reconstruction of a mechanical-biological sewage treatment plant with insufficient cleaning performance in the new German states and the adjustment of the precipitation stage to the unsteady inflow of sewage. First results indicate that the pre-treatment performance could be improved by ≅ 20% and the discharge of concentrations of COD, BOD, N and P could be reduced and homogenized. In addition, experiments on hydrolysis and acidifiability of the pre-treatment sludge have been carried out on a laboratory level with the object of making sources of carbon readily available for denitrification. In the course of the experiment, inhibition of fatty acid production by calcareous primary sludge could not be detected. The characteristics of the sludge, such as draining and thickening were considerably improved by the adding of lime.

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