scholarly journals Landsat 8 Virtual Orange Band for Mapping Cyanobacterial Blooms

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Deepak R. Mishra ◽  
Nirav Ilango
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Accessory Pigment ◽  
Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Best Fit

The Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) has a panchromatic band (503–676 nm) that can be used to derive a novel virtual orange band (590–635 nm) by using the multispectral green band and red band components. The orange band is useful for the accurate detection and quantification of phycocyanin (PC), an accessory pigment in toxin-producing cyanobacterial blooms, because of the specific light absorption characteristics of PC around 600–625 nm. In this study, we compared the Landsat 8 OLI’s and Sentinel-3 Ocean and Land Color Instrument’s (OLCI) derived orange band reflectance and PC products corresponding to a same-date overpass during a severe cyanobacterial bloom in Lake Erie, USA. The goal was to determine if the OLI’s virtual orange band can produce results equivalent to the OLCI’s actual orange band. Band-by-band match-ups used the OLI’s top-of-atmosphere (TOA) reflectance versus TOA reflectance from the OLCI, and surface reflectance (SR) from the OLI versus SR from the OLCI. A significant correlation was observed between the OLI’s and OLCI’s derived orange band TOA reflectance (R2 = 0.86; p < 0.001; NRMSE = 9.01%) and orange band SR (R2 = 0.93; p < 0.001; NRMSE = 20.23%). The PC map produced using the best-fit empirical models from both sensors showed similar PC spatial patterns and concentration levels in the western basin of Lake Erie. The results from this research are particularly important for the study of smaller inland waterbodies with the 30 m resolution of the OLI, which cannot be studied with the 300 m resolution of OLCI data, and for analyzing historical bloom events before the launch of the OLCI. Although more analysis and validation need to be conducted, this study opens up Landsat 8’s applicability in research on cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs).

scholarly journals Metatranscriptomic Evidence for Co-Occurring Top-Down and Bottom-Up Controls on Toxic Cyanobacterial Communities

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 3268-3276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan M. Steffen ◽  
B. Shafer Belisle ◽  
Sue B. Watson ◽  
Gregory L. Boyer ◽  
Richard A. Bourbonniere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Western Basin ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms

ABSTRACTLittle is known about the molecular and physiological function of co-occurring microbes within freshwater cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs). To address this, community metatranscriptomes collected from the western basin of Lake Erie during August 2012 were examined. Using sequence data, we tested the hypothesis that the activity of the microbial community members is independent of community structure. Predicted metabolic and physiological functional profiles from spatially distinct metatranscriptomes were determined to be ≥90% similar between sites. Targeted analysis ofMicrocystis aeruginosa, the historical causative agent of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms over the past ∼20 years, as well as analysis ofPlanktothrix agardhiiandAnabaena cylindrica, revealed ongoing transcription of genes involved in microcystin toxin synthesis as well as the acquisition of both nitrogen and phosphorus, nutrients often implicated as independent bottom-up drivers of eutrophication in aquatic systems. Transcription of genes involved in carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and metabolism also provided support for the alternate hypothesis that high-pH conditions and dense algal biomass result in CO2-limiting conditions that further favor cyanobacterial dominance. Additionally, the presence ofMicrocystis-specific cyanophage sequences provided preliminary evidence of possible top-down virus-mediated control of cHAB populations. Overall, these data provide insight into the complex series of constraints associated withMicrocystisblooms that dominate the western basin of Lake Erie during summer months, demonstrating that multiple environmental factors work to shape the microbial community.

scholarly journals The Use of Sentinel-3 Imagery to Monitor Cyanobacterial Blooms

Environments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Ogashawara
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Spectral Band ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
New Algorithms

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHABs) have been a concern for aquatic systems, especially those used for water supply and recreation. Thus, the monitoring of CHABs is essential for the establishment of water governance policies. Recently, remote sensing has been used as a tool to monitor CHABs worldwide. Remote monitoring of CHABs relies on the optical properties of pigments, especially the phycocyanin (PC) and chlorophyll-a (chl-a). The goal of this study is to evaluate the potential of recent launch the Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) on-board the Sentinel-3 satellite to identify PC and chl-a. To do this, OLCI images were collected over the Western part of Lake Erie (U.S.A.) during the summer of 2016, 2017, and 2018. When comparing the use of traditional remote sensing algorithms to estimate PC and chl-a, none was able to accurately estimate both pigments. However, when single and band ratios were used to estimate these pigments, stronger correlations were found. These results indicate that spectral band selection should be re-evaluated for the development of new algorithms for OLCI images. Overall, Sentinel 3/OLCI has the potential to be used to identify PC and chl-a. However, algorithm development is needed.

scholarly journals Nutrient Control to Prevent the Occurrence of Cyanobacterial Blooms in a Eutrophic Lake in Southern Sweden, Used for Drinking Water Supply

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Lars-Anders Hansson ◽  
Kenneth M. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Future Work

Control of nutrients, mainly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), plays a significant role in preventing cyanobacterial blooms (harmful algal blooms (HABs)). This study aimed at evaluating changes in the risk of the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms and advancing the understanding of how N and P affect the growth of cyanobacteria in a eutrophic lake, Lake Vombsj&ouml;n, in southern Sweden. Statistical analysis was used to demonstrate the pattern of cyanobacterial blooms, that the highest content present in September and the later that algal blooms occur, the more likely it is a cyanobacterial bloom as cyanobacteria became dominating in October and November (90%). Two hypothesises tested in Lake Vombsj&ouml;n confirmed namely that a high total phosphorus (TP) level correlates with an abundance of cyanobacteria and that low N:P ratio (total nitrogen/total phosphorus &lt; 20) favours the growth of cyanobacteria. To control the growth of cyanobacteria in Lake Vombsj&ouml;n, the TP level should be kept below 20 &micro;g/L and the N:P ratio be maintained at a level of over 20. The two species Planktothrix agardhii, and Pseudanabaena spp. should be carefully monitored especially in late autumn. Future work should consider any high degree of leakage from the sediment of the dissolved phosphorus available there.

scholarly journals Satellite monitoring of harmful algal blooms in the Western Basin of Lake Erie: A 20-year time-series

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Sayers ◽  
Amanda G. Grimm ◽  
Robert A. Shuchman ◽  
Karl R. Bosse ◽  
Gary L. Fahnenstiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Western Basin

An introduction to the 'micronet' of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs): cyanobacteria, zooplankton and microorganisms: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Wilk-Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Biotic Factors ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Change Temperature ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Factors ◽  
Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms are known all around the world. Climate change (temperature increase) and human activity (eutrophication) are factors that promote the proliferation of cyanobacteria, leading to the development of blooms and the release of toxins. Abiotic and biotic factors are responsible for the development of blooms and how long they last. Although the abiotic factors controlling blooms are well known, knowledge of biotic factors and their interactions is still lacking. This paper reviews five levels of biotic interactions, namely cyanobacteria–zooplankton, cyanobacteria–ciliates, cyanobacteria–bacteria, cyanobacteria–viruses and cyanobacteria–fungi, showing a more complex food web network than was previously thought. New findings published recently, such as the relationships between cyanobacteria and viruses or cyanobacteria and fungi, indicate that cyanobacterial blooms are not the end of the cycle of events taking place in water habitats, but rather the middle of them. As such, a new approach needs to consider mutual connections, genetic response, horizontal gene transfer and non-linear flow of carbon.

scholarly journals Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms are a biological disturbance to Western Lake Erie bacterial communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 1149-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A. Berry ◽  
Timothy W. Davis ◽  
Rose M. Cory ◽  
Melissa B. Duhaime ◽  
Thomas H. Johengen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Western Lake ◽  
Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Western Lake Erie

scholarly journals Intercalibration of MERIS, MODIS, and OLCI Satellite Imagers for Construction of Past, Present, and Future Cyanobacterial Biomass Time Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2305
Author(s):  
Timothy T. Wynne ◽  
Sachidananda Mishra ◽  
Andrew Meredith ◽  
R. Wayne Litaker ◽  
Richard P. Stumpf
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Atmospheric Correction ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Spectral Shape ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Resolution Imaging

Satellite imagery has been used to monitor and assess Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs), specifically, cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Erie (the USA and Canada) for over twelve years. In recent years, imagery has been applied to the other Great Lakes as well as other U.S. lakes. The key algorithm used in this monitoring system is the cyanobacterial index (CI), a measure of the chlorophyll found in cyanobacterial blooms. The CI is a “spectral shape” (or curvature) algorithm, which is a form of the second derivative around the 681 nm (MERIS/OLCI) or 678 nm (MODIS) band, which is robust and implicitly includes an atmospheric correction, allowing reliable use for many more scenes than analytical algorithms. Monitoring of cyanobacterial blooms with the CI began with the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) sensor (2002–2012). With the loss of data from MERIS in the spring of 2012, the monitoring system shifted to using NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). MODIS has bands that allow computation of a CI product, which was intercalibrated with MERIS at the time to establish a conversion of MODIS CI to MERIS CI. In 2016, ESA launched the Ocean and Land Color Imager (OLCI), the replacement for MERIS, on the Sentinel-3 spacecraft. MODIS can serve two purposes. It can provide a critical data set for the blooms of 2012–2015, and it offers a bridge from MERIS to OLCI. We propose a basin-wide integrated technique for intercalibrating the CI algorithm from MODIS to both MERIS and OLCI. This method allowed us to intercalibrate OLCI CI to MERIS CI, which would then allow the production of a 20-year and ongoing record of cyanobacterial bloom activity. This approach also allows updates as sensor calibrations change or new sensors are launched, and it could be readily applied to spectral shape algorithms.

scholarly journals Nitrification and ammonium dynamics in Taihu Lake, China: seasonal competition for ammonium between nitrifiers and cyanobacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna J. Hampel ◽  
Mark J. McCarthy ◽  
Wayne S. Gardner ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Hai Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Taihu Lake ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Amoa Gene ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Archaea ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Uptake Rates ◽  
N Loading ◽  
Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms

Abstract. Taihu Lake is hypereutrophic and experiences seasonal, cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms. These Microcystis blooms produce microcystin, a potent liver toxin, and are linked to anthropogenic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loads to lakes. Microcystis spp. cannot fix atmospheric N and must compete with ammonia-oxidizing and other organisms for ammonium (NH4+). We measured NH4+ regeneration and potential uptake rates and total nitrification using stable-isotope techniques. Nitrification studies included abundance of the functional gene for NH4+ oxidation, amoA, for ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB). Potential NH4+ uptake rates ranged from 0.02 to 6.80 µmol L−1 h−1 in the light and from 0.05 to 3.33 µmol L−1 h−1 in the dark, and NH4+ regeneration rates ranged from 0.03 to 2.37 µmol L−1 h−1. Nitrification rates exceeded previously reported rates in most freshwater systems. Total nitrification often exceeded 200 nmol L−1 d−1 and was  >  1000 nmol L−1 d−1 at one station near a river discharge. AOA amoA gene copies were more abundant than AOB gene copies (p <  0.005) at all times; however, only abundance of AOB amoA (not AOA) was correlated with nitrification rates for all stations and all seasons (p <  0.005). Nitrification rates in Taihu Lake varied seasonally; at most stations, rates were highest in March, lower in June, and lowest in July, corresponding with cyanobacterial bloom progression, suggesting that nitrifiers were poor competitors for NH4+ during the bloom. Regeneration results suggested that cyanobacteria relied extensively on regenerated NH4+ to sustain the bloom. Internal NH4+ regeneration exceeded external N loading to the lake by a factor of 2 but was ultimately fueled by external N loads. Our results thus support the growing literature calling for watershed N loading reductions in concert with existing management of P loads.

scholarly journals The HARMFUL CYANOBACTERIAL BLOOMS AND DEVELOPED CYANOPHAGES AS A BIOLOGICAL SOLUTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana Chamilka Thuduhena
Keyword(s):  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms

Abstract   Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal blooms (CHABs) cause devastating impacts to fisheries, tourism, public health and ecosystem around the world, and have increased in frequency. Cyanobacterial blooms occur in fresh water and marine environments, producing a variety of toxins, and poisoning risks to humans and animals. Chemicals can be used to kill cyanobacteria. Unfortunately, many of these chemicals are toxic to other forms of life, including fish and organisms they eat. The use of chemicals in natural lakes could create more problems than they solve, is not permitted. Cyanophage is a double-stranded DNA virus that infects cyanobacteria and is detected in both freshwater and marine environments as a biological solution developed Cyanophages can use for long term treatment options.   Key words:   Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal blooms, Cyanophage, DNA Viruses  

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