scholarly journals Impacts of Land Cover/Use on the Urban Thermal Environment: A Comparative Study of 10 Megacities in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Liu ◽  
Xinmin Zhang ◽  
Yuji Murayama ◽  
Takehiro Morimoto
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Impervious Surfaces ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Thermal Environment

Satellite-derived land surface temperature (LST) reveals the variations and impacts on the terrestrial thermal environment on a broad spatial scale. The drastic growth of urbanization-induced impervious surfaces and the urban population has generated a remarkably increasing influence on the urban thermal environment in China. This research was aimed to investigate land surface temperature (LST) intensity response to urban land cover/use by examining the thermal impact on urban settings in ten Chinese megacities (i.e., Beijing, Dongguan, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Harbin, Nanjing, Shenyang, Suzhou, Tianjin, and Wuhan). Surface urban heat island (SUHI) footprints were scrutinized and compared by magnitude and extent. The causal mechanism among land cover composition (LCC), population, and SUHI was also identified. Spatial patterns of the thermal environments were identical to those of land cover/use. In addition, most impervious surface materials (greater than 81%) were labeled as heat sources, on the other hand, water and vegetation were functioned as heat sinks. More than 85% of heat budgets in Beijing and Guangzhou were generated from impervious surfaces. SUHI for all megacities showed spatially gradient decays between urban and surrounding rural areas; further, temperature peaks are not always dominant in the urban core, despite extremely dense impervious surfaces. The composition ratio of land cover (LCC%) negatively correlates with SUHI intensity (SUHII), whereas the population positively associates with SUHII. For all targeted megacities, land cover composition and population account for more than 63.9% of SUHI formation using geographically weighted regression. The findings can help optimize land cover/use to relieve pressure from rapid urbanization, maintain urban ecological balance, and meet the demands of sustainable urban growth.

scholarly journals Urban Temperature Profiles and Land Cover Detection in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area using Remote Sensing

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Hasti Widyasamratri ◽  
Kazuyoshi Souma ◽  
Tadashi Suetsugi
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Land Cover Classification ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Cooling Period

This research aim to investigate the urban thermal environment profile and land cover classification  in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA) in 1989 and 2013. Thermal environment conducted by installing fix point ground measurement of air temperature and land surface temperature. The land cover classification was carried out  by using Landsat TM 5 and Landsat 7 ETM+ data sets. The diurnal variation of air temperature shows that Urban Heat Island (UHI) was occurring in urban and suburban JMA, which can be seen the slower cooling period in the urban area than suburban areas. Positive correlation between air temperature (Ta) and land surface temperature (Ts) on the brush (r2 = 0.78) and the asphalt surface (r2= 0.88) is clearly shown during the study. The rapid urbanization was detected during 1989 to 2013 where the urban sprawl is spread over to the whole area of JMA. Urban built up is the dominant of high increase due to years, while vegetation is decreasing.    

scholarly journals Dynamics of Land Surface Temperature in Response to Land Cover Changes in Lagos Metropolis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Obiefuna ◽  
P. C. Nwilo ◽  
C. J. Okolie ◽  
E. I. Emmanuel ◽  
O. Daramola
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Ancillary Data

Land Surface Temperature (LST) is one of the key environmental parameters affected by land cover change. Lagos State has been experiencing an increase in surface temperature due to growing areas of impervious surfaces caused by anthropogenic urban sprawl. While the change in LST has been established, its continuous monitoring and relationship with continuing Land Cover (LC) changes have become imperative for appropriate management and policy actions. This study investigated the effect of land cover change on LST in the rapidly urbanising Lagos metropolis. Using spatio-temporal Landsat imageries with their thermal bands and ancillary data, land cover and LST changes were assessed from 1984 - 2015. The spatial patterns of LST and LC were derived to examine the response of LST to urban growth. Findings confirmed urban sprawl in previously rural areas northward of the metropolis in LGAs such as Ikorodu, Kosofe and those fringing the state’s border with Ogun State. This also confirmed new growth areas as occurring west of the metropolis in Amuwo-Odofin LGA. The results further showed that the rapid urbanisation in Lagos metropolis has altered the surface thermal environment as indicated by increased LST. Built-up area and bare land accounted for the highest increase in LST (as high as 1.5℃ in some areas) while wetlands and other vegetated areas played a vital role in moderating the surface temperature in areas they still occupy. This provides reasonable evidence for the appropriate authorities to institute requisite policies and actions towards moderating urban sprawl while ramping up the development of urban green infrastructure to counter global warming.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Effects of Urban Form on Land Surface Temperature in Subtropical High-Density Urban Areas Using Machine Learning

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanwei Sun ◽  
Chao Gao ◽  
Jialin Li ◽  
Run Wang ◽  
Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
High Density ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
Urban Thermal Environment ◽  
The Impact

It is widely acknowledged that urban form significantly affects urban thermal environment, which is a key element to adapt and mitigate extreme high temperature weather in high-density urban areas. However, few studies have discussed the impact of physical urban form features on the land surface temperature (LST) from a perspective of comprehensive urban spatial structures. This study used the ordinary least-squares regression (OLS) and random forest regression (RF) to distinguish the relative contributions of urban form metrics on LST at three observation scales. Results of this study indicate that more than 90% of the LST variations were explained by selected urban form metrics using RF. Effects of the magnitude and direction of urban form metrics on LST varied with the changes of seasons and observation scales. Overall, building morphology and urban ecological infrastructure had dominant effects on LST variations in high-density urban centers. Urban green space and water bodies demonstrated stronger cooling effects, especially in summer. Building density (BD) exhibited significant positive effects on LST, whereas the floor area ratio (FAR) showed a negative influence on LST. The results can be applied to investigate and implement urban thermal environment mitigation planning for city managers and planners.

Study on Urban Thermal Environment based on Diurnal Temperature Range

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Guo ◽  
Miaomiao Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Diurnal Range ◽  
Urban Thermal Environment

<p>Diurnal temperature range (includes land surface temperature diurnal range and near surface air temperature diurnal range) is an important meteorological parameter, which is a very important factor in the field of the urban thermal environmental. Nowadays, the research of urban thermal environment mainly focused on surface heat island and canopy heat island.</p><p>Based on analysis of the current status of city thermal environment. Firstly, a method was proposed to obtain near surface air temperature diurnal range in this study, difference of land surface temperature between day and night were introduced into the improved temperature vegetation index feature space based on remote sensing data. Secondly, compared with the district administrative division, we analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the diurnal range of land surface temperature and near surface air temperature.</p><p>The conclusions of this study are as follows:</p><p>1 During 2003-2012s, the land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range of Beijing were fluctuating upward. The rising trend of the near surface air temperature diurnal range was more significant than land surface temperature diurnal range. In addition, the rise and decline of land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in different districts were different. In the six city districts, the land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in the six areas of the city were mainly downward. The decline trend of near surface air temperature diurnal range was more significant than land surface temperature diurnal range.</p><p>2 During 2003-2012s, the land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range of Beijing with similar characteristics in spatial distribution, with higher distribution land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in urban area and with lower distribution of land surface temperature and near surface air temperature diurnal range in the Northwest Mountainous area and the area of Miyun reservoir.</p>

scholarly journals Assessment and simulation of land use and land cover change impacts on the land surface temperature of Chaoyang District in Beijing, China

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amir Siddique ◽  
Liu Dongyun ◽  
Pengli Li ◽  
Umair Rasool ◽  
Tauheed Ullah Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
K Value ◽  
Vegetation Water ◽  
Landsat Satellite

Rapid urbanization is changing the existing patterns of land use land cover (LULC) globally, which is consequently increasing the land surface temperature (LST) in many regions. The present study is focused on estimating current and simulating future LULC and LST trends in the urban environment of Chaoyang District, Beijing. Past patterns of LULC and LST were identified through the maximum likelihood classification (MLC) method and multispectral Landsat satellite images during the 1990–2018 data period. The cellular automata (CA) and stochastic transition matrix of the Markov model were applied to simulate future (2025) LULC and LST changes, respectively, using their past patterns. The CA model was validated for the simulated and estimated LULC for 1990–2018, with an overall Kappa (K) value of 0.83, using validation modules in IDRISI software. Our results indicated that the cumulative changes in built-up to vegetation area were 74.61 km2 (16.08%) and 113.13 km2 (24.38%) from 1990 to 2018. The correlation coefficient of land use and land cover change (LULCC), including vegetation, water bodies and built-up area, had values of r =  − 0.155 (p > 0.005), −0.809 (p = 0.000), and 0.519 (p > 0.005), respectively. The results of future analysis revealed that there will be an estimated 164.92 km2 (−12%) decrease in vegetation area, while an expansion of approximately 283.04 km2 (6% change) will occur in built-up areas from 1990 to 2025. This decrease in vegetation cover and expansion of settlements would likely cause a rise of approximately ∼10.74 °C and ∼12.66 °C in future temperature, which would cause a rise in temperature (2025). The analyses could open an avenue regarding how to manage urban land cover patterns to enhance the resilience of cities to climate warming. This study provides scientific insights for environmental development and sustainability through efficient and effective urban planning and management in Beijing and will also help strengthen other research related to the UHI phenomenon in other parts of the world.

scholarly journals Influence of Land Use and Land Cover Change on Land surface temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 01038
Author(s):  
Jing Sun ◽  
Jing He
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

The rapid urbanization process has recently led to significant land use and land cover (LULC) changes, thereby affecting the climate and the environment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the LULC changes in Hefei City, Anhui Province, and their relationship with land surface temperature (LST). To achieve this goal, multitemporal Landsat data were used to monitor the LULC and LST between 2005 and 2015. The study also used correlation analysis to analyze the relationship between LST, LULC, and other spectral indices (NDVI, NDBI, and NDWI). The results show that the built-up land has expanded significantly, transforming from 488.26 km2 in 2005 to 575.64 km2 in 2015. It further shows that the mean LST in Hefei city has increased from 284.0 K in 2005 to 285.86 K in 2015. The results also indicate that there is a positive correlation between LST and NDVI and NDBI, while there is a negative correlation between LST and NDWI. This means that urban expansion and reduced water bodies will lead to an increase in LST.

scholarly journals Effect of Surface Temperature on Energy Consumption in a Calibrated Building: A Case Study of Delhi

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Priyanka Kumari ◽  
Sukriti Kapur ◽  
Vishal Garg ◽  
Krishan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Heat

Rapid urbanization and associated land-use changes in cities cause an increase in the demand for electricity by altering the local climate. The present study aims to examine the variations in total energy and cooling energy demand in a calibrated building energy model, caused by urban heat island formation over Delhi. The study used Sentinel-2A multispectral imagery for land use and land cover (LULC) of mapping of Delhi, and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery for land surface temperature (LST) mapping during March 2018. It was observed that regions with dense built-up areas (i.e., with built-up area greater than 90%) had a higher annual land surface temperature (LST), i.e., 293.5 K and urban heat island intensity (UHII) ranging from 0.9 K–5.9 K. In contrast, lower annual values of LST (290K) and UHII (0.0–0.4 K) were observed in regions with high vegetation cover (53%). Statistical analysis reveals that a negative correlation exists between vegetation and nighttime LST, which is further confirmed by linear regression analysis. Energy simulations were performed on a calibrated building model placed at three different sites, identified on the basis of land use and land cover percentage and annual LST. Simulation results showed that the site located in the central part of Delhi displayed higher annual energy consumption (255.21 MWh/y) compared to the site located in the rural periphery (235.69 MWh/y). For all the three sites, the maximum electricity consumption was observed in the summer season, while the minimum was seen in the winter season. The study indicates that UHI formation leads to increased energy consumption in buildings, and thus UHI mitigation measures hold great potential for energy saving in a large city like Delhi.

scholarly journals Land-Use/Land Cover Changes Contribute to Land Surface Temperature: A Case Study of the Upper Indus Basin of Pakistan

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Akhtar Rehman ◽  
Jun Qin ◽  
Amjad Pervez ◽  
Muhammad Sadiq Khan ◽  
Siddique Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Indus Basin ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Barren Land

Land-use/land cover (LULC) changes have an impact on land surface temperature (LST) at the local, regional, and global scales. To simulate the LULC and LST changes of the environmentally important area of northern Pakistan, this research focused on spatio-temporal LULC and associated LST changes since 1987 and made predictions to 2047. We classified LULC from Landsat TM and ETM data, using the maximum probability supervised categorization approach. LST was retrieved using the Radiative Transfer Equation (RTE) methodology. Furthermore, we simulated LULC using the integrated approaches of Cellular Automata (CA) and Weighted Evidence (WE) and used a regression model to predict LST. The built-up areas and vegetation have increased by 2.1% and 11% due to a decline in the barren land by −8.5% during the last 30 years. The LULC is expected to increase, particularly the built-up and vegetation classes by 2.74% and 13.66%, respectively, and the barren land would decline by −4.2% by 2047. Consequently, the higher LST classes (i.e., 27 °C to <30 °C and ≥30 °C) soared up by about 25.18% and 34.26%, respectively, during the study period, which would further expand to 30.19% and 14.97% by 2047. The lower LST class (i.e., 12 °C to <21 °C) indicated a downtrend of about −41.29% and would further decrease to −3.13% in the next 30 years. The study findings are useful for planning and management, especially for climatologists, land-use planners, and researchers in sustainable land use with rapid urbanization.

A Study of Urban Thermal Environment Spatial Pattern in Harbin City Based on TM Image

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2768-2771
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Yun Long Yao ◽  
Jiao Chen ◽  
Lan Xia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Harbin City ◽  
Urban Thermal Environment

This paper takes land surface temperature as main indicator of urban thermal environment. Using the TM images of September 22, 2010, Harbin city, we analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of land surface temperature by mono-window algorithm. The results can be summarized as follows. The land surface temperature of estimation in Harbin City was between 9 to 27 °C. According to temperature gradient of different colors, urban land surface temperature was significantly higher than the suburbs in Harbin, and there were a few places, that was, high temperature and low temperature area showed obvious heat island effect. Strong heat island area were in the multiple center, distributed in DaoWai District, Nangang District and along the railway. From the faubourgs to the downtown area, the proportion of heat island increased gradually, the more strong the heat island effect was in the area located in the centre. From the point of the cause of heat island distribution in Harbin city, urban construction, population growth and real estate development were the main influence factors. The results of the study has important reference value for improving ecological environment of Harbin City, and mitigating urban heat island effect.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Urban Surface Temperature and Its Relationship with Landscape Metrics and Vegetation Cover in Rapid Urbanization Region

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Hongbo Zhao ◽  
Juntao Tan ◽  
Zhibin Ren ◽  
Zheye Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Thermal Environment

Under the trend of rapid urbanization, the urban heat island (UHI) effect has become a hot issue for scholars to study. In order to better alleviate UHI effect, it is important to understand the effect of landuse/landcover (LULC) and landscape patterns on the urban thermal environment from perspective of landscape ecology. This research aims to quantitatively investigate the effect of LULC landscape patterns on UHI effects more accurately based on a landscape metrics analysis. In addition, we also explore the complex relationship between land surface temperature (LST) and vegetation cover. Taking Zhengzhou City of China as a case study, an integrated method which includes the geographic information system (GIS), remote-sensing (RS) technology, and landscape metrics was employed to facilitate the analysis. Landsat data (2000–2014) were applied to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of LST and LULC. The results indicated that the mean LST value increased by 2.32°C between 2000 and 2014. The rise of LST was consistent with the trend of rapid urbanization in Zhengzhou City, which resulted in sharp increases in impervious surfaces (IS) and substantial losses of vegetation cover. Furthermore, the investigation of LST and vegetation cover demonstrated that fractional vegetation cover (FVC) had a stronger negative effect on LST than normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI). In addition, LST was obviously correlated with LULC landscape patterns, and both landscape composition and spatial configuration affected UHI effects to varying degrees. This study not only illustrates a feasible way to investigate the relationship between LULC and urban thermal environment but also suggests some important measures to improve urban planning to reduce UHI effects for sustainable development.

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