scholarly journals Assessing Interannual Urbanization of China’s Six Megacities Since 2000

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 2138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sisi Yu ◽  
Zengxiang Zhang ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Shunguang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Land Expansion ◽  
Basic Characteristics

As a large and populous developing country, China has entered the rapid urbanization stage since 2000. Until 2018, China has accounted for nearly 1/5 of global megacities. Understanding their urbanization processes is of great significance. Given the deficiencies of existing research, this study explored the interannual urbanization process of China’s six megacities during 2000–2018 from four aspects, namely, the basic characteristics of urban land expansion, expansion types, cotemporary evolution of urban land–population–economy, and urbanization effects on the local environment. Results indicated that (1) urban lands in China’s six megacities increased by 153.27%, with distinct differences across megacities; (2) all of six megacities experienced the expansion processes from high-speed to low-speed, but they varied greatly in detail; (3) the speeds of urban land expansion in China’s megacities outpaced the population growth but lagged behind in GDP increase; and (4) urbanization has triggered an environmental crisis, which is represented by the decline in vegetation coverage and the increase in land surface temperature in newly expanded urban lands. This study enriched the content of urbanization, supplemented the existing materials of megacities, and provided a scientific reference for designing rational urban planning.

scholarly journals Scenario Analysis on Climate Change Impacts of Urban Land Expansion under Different Urbanization Patterns: A Case Study of Wuhan Metropolitan

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinli Ke ◽  
Feng Wu ◽  
Caixue Ma
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Land Expansion ◽  
The Impact

Urban land expansion plays an important role in climate change. It is significant to select a reasonable urban expansion pattern to mitigate the impact of urban land expansion on the regional climate in the rapid urbanization process. In this paper, taking Wuhan metropolitan as the case study area, and three urbanization patterns scenarios are designed to simulate spatial patterns of urban land expansion in the future using the Partitioned and Asynchronous Cellular Automata Model. Then, simulation results of land use are adjusted and inputted into WRF (Weather Research and Forecast) model to simulate regional climate change. The results show that: (1) warming effect is strongest under centralized urbanization while it is on the opposite under decentralized scenario; (2) the warming effect is stronger and wider in centralized urbanization scenario than in decentralized urbanization scenario; (3) the impact trends of urban land use expansion on precipitation are basically the same under different scenarios; (4) and spatial distribution of rainfall was more concentrated under centralized urbanization scenario, and there is a rainfall center of wider scope, greater intensity. Accordingly, it can be concluded that decentralized urbanization is a reasonable urbanization pattern to mitigate climate change in rapid urbanization period.

scholarly journals Impacts of high-speed rail development on urban land expansion and utilization intensity in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 583-601
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Xiaodong Ma
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Urban Land Expansion ◽  
The Impact

Urban land expansion (ULE) is a crucial factor for socioeconomic and environmentally sustainable development. However, nowadays, the unprecedented scale of high-speed railway (HSR) construction in China could exert an important influence on ULE. This manuscript first reveals the influence mechanism of HSR on ULE and then employs difference-in-difference (DID) models to investigate this effect based on the data of 280 prefectures and above level cities of 2001-2016. We analyze that HSR exerts a joint effect on ULE from the territorial and local levels and then affects urban land-use intensity (ULUI). HSR opening and HSR station distance both have notably positive effects on ULE, with elastic coefficients of 4.1% and 0.5%, respectively. HSR opening and HSR station distance also both exert positive effects on ULE of the central, eastern region cities and large cities of China, while for the western region and small to medium cities, they are not significant. The impact of HSR station distance on ULUI is negative with a significance level of 0.073, while the impact of HSR opening on ULUI is not significant. Lastly, relevant policy implications are proposed to alleviate urban land waste and spatial disequilibrium under the context of HSR building. This study can provide an important basis for sustainable urban land allocation.

scholarly journals Understanding the Role of Urbanization on Vegetation Dynamics in Mountainous Areas of Southwest China: Mechanism, Spatiotemporal Pattern, and Policy Implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Li Peng ◽  
Wei Deng ◽  
Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Vegetation Dynamics ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Relationship

As an important component of terrestrial ecosystems, the mountainous areas of southwest China are facing eco-environmental stress due to rapid urbanization. This study analyzed the vegetation dynamics during urbanization in 410 counties in the mountainous area of southwest China using trend analysis and bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis. The results demonstrate the following: (1) The regional differences in the natural background and the stage of economic development resulted in obvious geographical heterogeneity in the relationship between urbanization and vegetation coverage. (2) The relationship between the rate of urbanization level change (RULC) and the slope of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (Slope−NDVI) in the mountainous areas of southwest China is characterized by an inverted-U-shaped curve. Based on the inflection point (0.206, 57.60) of the inverted-U-shaped curve, the optimal mean annual RULC is 1.37%. (3) The relief degree of the land surface, the gross domestic product (GDP) change rate, and the slope of temperature change are positively correlated with the Slope−NDVI. Overall, an understanding of how urbanization affects vegetation dynamics can inform decisions concerning ecological restoration and urban–rural development in China.

Urban Land Use and Health

Urban Health ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 262-271
Author(s):  
Rohan Simkin ◽  
Karen C. Seto
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
World Population ◽  
The World ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

It is well established that local environmental conditions directly impact human health. As the world population and land surface both become increasingly urban, understanding the health consequences of urban land use–driven environmental change is critically important. Understanding these relationships is a necessary condition in planning urban development in ways that may be co-beneficial for both the environment and human health. Environmental influences on health include but are not limited to air pollution and asthma, access to green space and mental and physical health, and water pollution and water-borne diseases. However, it is not only the local environment that affects health; the regional and global environments also contribute to health outcomes. This chapter explores the interdependencies between regional and global environments and human health, using urban land use as an analytical lens.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal variability of urban heat island: Influence of urbanization on seasonal pattern of land surface temperature in the Metropolitan Region of Belém, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson Inayan de Oliveira Souto ◽  
Julia Clarinda Paiva Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Heat

Abstract Cities experience the extensive urban heat island effect (UHI), which continue to pose challenges for humanity's increasingly urban population, where tropical cities have experienced a continued and rapid urbanization process in the past few decades. We present the evolution of surface UHI and its controlling factors in the Metropolitan Region of Belém, over the last 16 years (2003-2018), which has experienced unique consolidated economic growth and urban transformation under wet equatorial climate. We incorporate MODIS and Landsat satellite data and evaluate statistical techniques for estimates the variation in the land surface temperature (LST) during two seasons: wet season and dry season. Our result revealed that the regions of fast urbanization resulted in a decrease of normalized difference vegetation index and increase of LST. In addition, annual maps showed the spatial pattern of surface UHI intensities were produced based on daytime and nighttime temperature, and the analysis result indicated that the spatial distribution of high heat capacity was closely related with the densely built-up areas. These findings are helpful for understanding the urbanization process as well as urban ecology, which both have significant implications for urban planning and minimize the potential environmental impacts of urbanization in Metropolitan Region of Belém.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Urban Land Expansion and Population Growth in Africa from 2001 to 2019: Evidence from Population Density Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Shengnan Jiang ◽  
Zhenke Zhang ◽  
Hang Ren ◽  
Guoen Wei ◽  
Minghui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Spatiotemporal Characteristics ◽  
Urban Land Expansion

Africa has been undergoing a rapid urbanization process, which is critical to the achievement of the 11th Sustainable Development Goal (SDG11). Using population density data from LandScan, we proposed a population density-based thresholding method to generate urban land and urban population data in Africa from 2001 to 2019, which were further applied to detect the spatiotemporal characteristics of Africa’s urbanization. The results showed that urban land and urban population have both grown rapidly in Africa, which increased by about 5.92% and 4.91%, respectively. The top three countries with the most intense urbanization process in Africa are Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Ethiopia. The coupling relationship index of urban land expansion and population growth was 0.76 in Africa during 2001–2019. Meanwhile, the total proportion of uncoordinated development types at the provincial level was getting higher, which indicated an uncoordinated relationship between urban land expansion and population growth in Africa. Cropland, grassland, rural land, and forests were the most land-use types occupied by urban expansion. The proportion of cropland, grassland, and forests occupied was getting higher and higher from 2001 to 2019. The extensive urban land use may have an impact on the environmental and economic benefits brought by urbanization, which needs further research.

scholarly journals Urban Land Expansion and Sustainable Land Use Policy in Shenzhen: A Case Study of China’s Rapid Urbanization

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Qian ◽  
Yunfei Peng ◽  
Cheng Luo ◽  
Chao Wu ◽  
Qingyun Du
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Land Use Policy ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Urban Land Expansion
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