scholarly journals Trends in Woody and Herbaceous Vegetation in the Savannas of West Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Y. Anchang ◽  
Lara Prihodko ◽  
Armel T. Kaptué ◽  
Christopher W. Ross ◽  
Wenjie Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
West African ◽  
Woody Vegetation ◽  
The West ◽  
Herbaceous Vegetation ◽  
Discernible Effect ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Rain Use Efficiency

We assess 32 years of vegetation change in the West African Sudano-Sahelian region following the drought events of the 1970s and 1980s. Change in decadal mean rain use efficiency is used to diagnose trends in woody vegetation that is expected to respond more slowly to post-drought rainfall gains, while change in the slope of the productivity–rainfall relationship is used to infer changing herbaceous conditions between early and late periods of the time series. The linearity/non-linearity of the productivity–rainfall relationship and its impact on the interpretation of overall greening trends, and specific woody and herbaceous vegetation trends, is also examined. Our results show a mostly positive association between productivity and rainfall (69% of pixels), which can be best described as linear (32%) or saturating (37%). Choosing the ‘best’ model at a specific location using Akaike Information Criterion has no discernible effect on the interpretation of overall greening or herbaceous trends, but does influence the detection of trends in woody vegetation. We conclude that widespread recovery in woody vegetation is responsible for the post-drought greening phenomenon reported elsewhere for the Sahel and Sudanian sub-regions. Meanwhile, trends in herbaceous vegetation are less pronounced, with no consistent indication towards either herbaceous degradation or recovery.

Productivity and nutrient use efficiency of maize, sorghum, and cotton in the West African Dry Savanna

2018 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kokou Adambounou Amouzou ◽  
Jesse B. Naab ◽  
John P.A. Lamers ◽  
Mathias Becker
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Woody Vegetation Die off and Regeneration in Response to Rainfall Variability in the West African Sahel

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Brandt ◽  
Gray Tappan ◽  
Abdoul Diouf ◽  
Gora Beye ◽  
Cheikh Mbow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
West African ◽  
Woody Vegetation ◽  
The West ◽  
West African Sahel ◽  
African Sahel

scholarly journals Feedback of observed interannual vegetation change: a regional climate model analysis for the West African monsoon

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 2837-2858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Klein ◽  
Jan Bliefernicht ◽  
Dominikus Heinzeller ◽  
Ursula Gessner ◽  
Igor Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
West African Monsoon ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
African Monsoon

The Puzzling Paradox Presented within the African Supranational Judicial Institutions: The ECOWAS Court of Justice

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 86-109
Author(s):  
Kehinde Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
West African ◽  
African Region ◽  
The West ◽  
Political Will ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
West African Region

The judgments of the ECOWAS Court, which are final and immediately binding, are vital for the realisation of ECOWAS aims and objectives. The enforcement of its judgments is particularly important in the case of individuals whose enjoyment of fundamental human rights, as guaranteed under the ECOWAS Community laws, is dependent on effective enforcement. Yet, an existential puzzling paradox emanates through a poor record in the implementation of the ECOWAS Court's judgments. This problem, which is not limited to the West African region deserves scrutiny and concrete proposals. Legal and political considerations surface in assessing the existence of this paradox, and despite the lack of a consistent political will, to implement the decisions of ECOWAS Court relevant judicial actors have roles to play. National courts could take a bolder approach in complementing the work of the ECOWAS Court. The ECOWAS Court itself could put in place concrete mechanisms and adopt certain practices to address this poor record of non-implementation. It is yet to be seen how substantive mechanisms would work in practice.

Development and Operation of Ebola Diagnostic Laboratories Led By Public Health England in Sierra Leone during the West African Ebola Outbreak 2013-2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bailey ◽  
Jane Shallcross ◽  
Christopher H. Logue ◽  
Simon A. Weller ◽  
Liz Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
West African ◽  
The West
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