scholarly journals Earth and Rock-Filled Dam Monitoring by High-Resolution X-Band Interferometry: Gongming Dam Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Li ◽  
Mahdi Motagh ◽  
Mingzhou Wang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Chunlong Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Surface Moisture ◽  
X Band ◽  
Shrinking Process ◽  
Data Fusing ◽  
Dam Monitoring ◽  
Settlement Analysis

Middle-sized earth- and rock-filled dams with clay cores continue to settle by approximately 0.5–1.5% of their height for approximately 1–3 years after their construction phase. This paper investigates the use of high-resolution spaceborne Synthetic aperture Radar (SAR) interferometry to monitor this settlement process, with the case of the Gongming dam in China. The varieties of slope foreshortening and stretching in the radar coordinates are attributed to the radar’s local incidence angle and the dam’s slope heading, which are analysed in detail. Focusing on the embankment slope settlement analysis, the equations for calculating foreshortening and the line-of-sight deformation decomposition are derived in detail for the adjustment and data fusing. The scattering characteristics of different materials on the dam surface are analysed, including the grass slope, concrete slope, top road (crest), top wall, step, and ditch. According to the analysis of the precipitation data from a local meteorological station, the coherence losses on the slopes are mainly caused by surface moisture. Both the TerraSAR-X Spotlight (TSX-SL) data and the COSMO-SkyMed Strip Mode (CSK-SM) data are analysed by the stacking method to assess the slopes’ deformations. The TSX-SL data results show the highest rate of settlement as 2 cm/yr on the top of the dam slope, consistent with the clay core shrinking process. The CSK-SM data show a similar trend in the lower part of the dam slope but underestimate the deformation in the upper part of the slope.

scholarly journals A comparative case study of MTInSAR approaches for deformation monitoring of the cultural landscape of the Shanhaiguan section of the Great Wall

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Xu ◽  
Fulong Chen ◽  
Wei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Linear Structure ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Rock Falls ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Great Wall

Abstract The Great Wall of China is one of the largest architectural heritage sites globally, and its sustainability is a significant concern. However, its large extent and diverse characteristics cause challenges for deformation monitoring. In this study, the Shanhaiguan section of the Great Wall was investigated in a case study to ascertain the damage and potential hazards of the architectural site. Two standard multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar interferometry (MTInSAR) technologies, including persistent scatterer SAR interferometry (PSInSAR) and small baseline subset (SBAS) SAR interferometry, were used for deformation monitoring using high-resolution TerraSAR-X data acquired in 2015–2017. The results of the two MTInSAR approaches revealed the health condition of the Great Wall. The Shanhaiguan section was stable, but local instabilities caused by rock falls were detected in some mountainous areas. In addition, the applicability of PSInSAR and SBAS was evaluated. The performance analysis of the two approaches indicated that a more reliable and adaptable MTInSAR technique needs to be developed for monitoring the Great Wall. This study demonstrates the potential of MTInSAR technology with high-resolution data for the health diagnosis of heritage sites with a linear structure, such as the Great Wall.

Transient deformation induced by groundwater change in Taipei metropolitan area revealed by high resolution X-band SAR interferometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 692 ◽  
pp. 265-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin Tung ◽  
Horng-Yue Chen ◽  
Jyr-Ching Hu ◽  
Kuo-En Ching ◽  
Hongey Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Transient Deformation ◽  
X Band

Monitoring wildfire using high-resolution compact X-band dual-polarization radar: A case study in southern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Zhaoming Li ◽  
Haonan Chen ◽  
Hongxing Chu ◽  
V. Chandrasekar ◽  
Hongbin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Dual Polarization ◽  
X Band

Possibilities of Archaeological Prospection by High-resolution X-band Satellite Radar - a Case Study from Syria

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Linck ◽  
T. Busche ◽  
S. Buckreuss ◽  
J. W. E. Fassbinder ◽  
S. Seren
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Archaeological Prospection ◽  
X Band ◽  
Satellite Radar

scholarly journals A comparative case study of MTInSAR approaches for deformation monitoring of the cultural landscape of the Shanhaiguan section of the Great Wall

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Xu ◽  
Fulong Chen ◽  
Wei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Linear Structure ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Rock Falls ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Great Wall

AbstractThe Great Wall of China is one of the largest architectural heritage sites globally, and its sustainability is a significant concern. However, its large extent and diverse characteristics are challenges for deformation monitoring. In this study, the Shanhaiguan section of the Great Wall was investigated in a case study to ascertain the damage and potential hazards of the architectural site. Two standard multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar interferometry (MTInSAR) technologies, including persistent scatterer SAR interferometry (PSInSAR) and small baseline subset (SBAS) SAR interferometry, were used for deformation monitoring using high-resolution TerraSAR-X data acquired in 2015–2017. The results of the two MTInSAR approaches reveal the health condition of the Great Wall. The Shanhaiguan section was stable, but local instabilities caused by rock falls were detected in some mountainous areas. In addition, the applicability of PSInSAR and SBAS was evaluated. The performance analysis of the two approaches indicated that a more reliable and adaptable MTInSAR technique needs to be developed for monitoring the Great Wall. This study demonstrates the potential of MTInSAR technology with high-resolution data for the health diagnosis of heritage sites with a linear structure, such as the Great Wall.

scholarly journals Phenological tracking og agricultural feilds investigated by using dual polarimetry tanDEM-X images

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-7/W3 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
S. Mirzaee ◽  
M. Motagh ◽  
H. Arefi ◽  
A. Nooryazdan
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
X Band ◽  
Phenological Changes ◽  
Extract Information

Remote sensing plays a key role in monitoring and assessing environmental changes. Because of its special imaging characteristics such as high-resolution, capabilities to obtain data in all weather conditions and sensitivity to geometrical and dielectric properties of the features, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology has become a powerful technique to detect small scale changes related to earth surface.SAR images contain the information of both phase and intensity in different modes like single, dual and full polarimetric states which are important in order to extract information about various targets. In this study we investigate phenological changes in an agricultural region using high-resolution X-band SAR data. The case study is located in Doroud region of Lorestan province, west of Iran. The purpose is to investigate the ability of copolar and interferometric coherence extracted from TanDEM-X dual polarimetry (HH/VV) in bistatic StripMap mode for tracking the phenological changes of crops during growing season. The data include 11 images acquired between 12.06.2012 and 02.11.2012 and 6 images acquired between 30.05.2013 and 04.08.2013 in the CoSSC format. Results show that copolar coherence is almost able to follow phenological changes but interferometric coherence has a near constant behaviour with fluctuations mainly related to baseline variations.

scholarly journals Potential of high-resolution detection and retrieval of precipitation fields from X-band spaceborne synthetic aperture radar over land

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 859-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Marzano ◽  
S. Mori ◽  
M. Chini ◽  
L. Pulvirenti ◽  
N. Pierdicca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Rain Rate ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Orographic Rainfall ◽  
X Band

Abstract. X-band Synthetic Aperture Radars (X-SARs), able to image the Earth's surface at metric resolution, may provide a unique opportunity to measure rainfall over land with spatial resolution of about few hundred meters, due to the atmospheric moving-target degradation effects. This capability has become very appealing due to the recent launch of several X-SAR satellites, even though several remote sensing issues are still open. This work is devoted to: (i) explore the potential of X-band high-resolution detection and retrieval of rainfall fields from space using X-SAR signal backscattering amplitude and interferometric phase; (ii) evaluate the effects of spatial resolution degradation by precipitation and inhomogeneous beam filling when comparing to other satellite-based sensors. Our X-SAR analysis of precipitation effects has been carried out using both a TerraSAR-X (TSX) case study of Hurricane "Gustav" in 2008 over Mississippi (USA) and a COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) X-SAR case study of orographic rainfall over Central Italy in 2009. For the TSX case study the near-surface rain rate has been retrieved from the normalized radar cross section by means of a modified regression empirical algorithm (MREA). A relatively simple method to account for the geometric effect of X-SAR observation on estimated rainfall rate and first-order volumetric effects has been developed and applied. The TSX-retrieved rain fields have been compared to those estimated from the Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) in Mobile (AL, USA). The rainfall detection capability of X-SAR has been tested on the CSK case study using the repeat-pass coherence response and qualitatively comparing its signature with ground-based Mt. Midia C-band radar in central Italy. A numerical simulator to represent the effect of the spatial resolution and the antenna pattern of TRMM satellite Precipitation Radar (PR) and Microwave Imager (TMI), using high-resolution TSX-retrieved rain images, has been also set up in order to evaluate the rainfall beam filling phenomenon. As expected, the spatial average can modify the statistics of the high-resolution precipitation fields, strongly reducing its dynamics in a way non-linearly dependent on the rain rate local average value.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Time Series TanDEM-X Digital Elevation Models

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-8 ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jain ◽  
R. Deo ◽  
V. Kumar ◽  
Y. S. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Data

Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is an important input for geo-spatial analysis. For various applications like flood management, ortho rectification of remote sensing images, navigation, architectural works, defence, etc., high resolution DEM is required. TanDEM-X mission was launched in 2010 to obtain high resolution global DEM with HTRI-3 standard. SAR interferometry (InSAR) technique is used for DEM generation from TanDEM-X SAR data. The accuracy of DEM depends on many parameters like height ambiguity, incidence angle, polarization, etc. In this study, time series TanDEM-X data spanning over 3 years, had processed for generating DEM at the spatial resolution of 6 m and their accuracy had studied using DGPS elevation data and SRTM 90 m DEM. The products generated during DEM generation process are DEM, precision (or height error), coherence, layover and shadow images. Using weighted average fusion technique, ascending and descending DEMs are fused for improving the quality of DEM and to reduce invalid pixels corresponding to layover and shadow areas. Results from time series data were analysed and found RMSE error of fused DEMs is in the range of 2 m to 4 m, while individual DEM has accuracy of 3 m to 6 m with respect to DGPS elevation data. Fused DEMs are having high accuracy as well as less voids. The reduction of voids by fusion, ranges from 40 to 85 % in different combinations of data.

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