scholarly journals Estimation of Mining and Landfilling Activities with Associated Overburden through Satellite Data: Germany 2000–2010

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Yoshida ◽  
Keijiro Okuoka ◽  
Alessio Miatto ◽  
Liselotte Schebek ◽  
Hiroki Tanikawa
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Environmental Strain ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
The Relationship

Despite ever-increasing material extraction on the global scale, very few studies have focused on the relationship between mining activities, overburden, and landfilling. This is mainly due to the lack of statistical data. Yet, large mining activities cause environmental strain to the natural environment, and are often cause of irreversible alterations to the natural landscape. To circumvent this problem, we develop a methodology that employs the digital elevation model and land cover to detect and analyze mining and landfilling site over time. We test our methodology with the case of Germany for the years 2000–2010. We then confront our results with statistically available data, to verify whether this methodology can be applied to other countries. Results from the analysis of satellite data give 15.3 Pg of extracted materials and 7.8 Pg of landfilled materials, while statistics report 29.4 Pg and 1.8 Pg, respectively. This large difference was likely due to the different frequency of recording, where satellite data was updated after 10 years, while statistics were reported yearly. The analysis of the anthropogenic disturbance with spatial information can effectively contribute to observe, analyze, and quantify mining activities, overburden, and landfills, and can thus provide policy makers with useful and practical information regarding resource usage and waste management.

scholarly journals The new remote-sensing-derived Swiss glacier inventory: I. Methods

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Paul ◽  
Andreas Kääb ◽  
Max Maisch ◽  
Tobias Kellenberger ◽  
Wilfried Haeberli
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Glacier Inventory ◽  
Ratio Image ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
First Results ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Elevation Model

AbstractA new Swiss glacier inventory is to be compiled from satellite data for the year 2000. The study presented here describes two major tasks: an accuracy assessment of different methods for glacier classification with Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data and a digital elevation model (DEM); the geographical information system (GIS)-based methods for automatic extraction of individual glaciers from classified satellite data and the computation of three-dimensional glacier parameters (such as minimum, maximum and median elevation or slope and orientation) by fusion with a DEM. First results obtained by these methods are presented in Part II of this paper (Kääb and others, 2002). Thresholding of a ratio image from TM4 and TM5 reveals the best-suited glacier map. The computation of glacier parameters in a GIS environment is efficient and suitable for worldwide application. The methods developed contribute to the U. S. Geological Survey-led Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) project which is currently compiling a global inventory of land ice masses within the framework of global glacier monitoring (Haeberli and others, 2000).

scholarly journals Classification of the Tatra Mountain lakes in terms of the duration of their ice cover (Poland and Slovakia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Gadek ◽  
Mirosław Szumny ◽  
Bartłomiej Szypuła
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ice Cover ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Mountain Environment ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper presents the results of a classification of the Tatra lakes based on the duration of their ice cover, altitude, volume, and potential incoming solar radiation (PISR). It is embedded in the context of the impact of current climate change on the mountain environment. A digital elevation model, morphometric data, satellite imagery from the winter seasons of 2015-2017 and the Wrocław taxonomy method were used in the study. It was found that the order of freezing and thawing of the lakes investigated may change from year to year. The relationship between ice cover duration and altitude is clearly weakened by variations in lake volumes, with insolation having a noticeably lesser effect. Determining the duration of ice cover of the lakes over several seasons facilitates identifying the similarities and dissimilarities between them. Five groups of lakes displaying similar characteristics were identified as well as 2 groups of lakes with highly individual characteristics. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the duration of ice cover on the Tatra lakes has been shortening noticeably over the last 100 years. Small high-altitude lakes seem to be most vulnerable to climate change.

scholarly journals Geo-spatial Analysis of Farmland Affected by 2020 Flooding of River Rima, Northwestern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Muktar ◽  
Sadiq A. Yelwa ◽  
Muhammad Tayyib Bello ◽  
Wali Elekwachi
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Image ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topography Mission ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Professional Advice ◽  
Maximum Water Level ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Farm Produce ◽  
Terra Modis ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
The Impact

The flooding of River Rima is an annual issue affecting farmland located within the floodplains. This phenomena causes loss of farm produce and mass destruction of buildings, including roads and bridges in the area. Estimating the farmland affected by the flood will help the policy makers in decision making on how to mitigate the impact of flooding in the affected areas. The Terra/MODIS satellite image with 7-2-1 bands combination was used to classify the image into four landcover types. The area covered by flood was selected to calculate the flood area using Image Calculator module on QGIS software. The class of water was imposed on Digital Elevation Model that was obtained from Environmental Monitoring Satellite called The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). The result shows that River Rima flood occupies about 17,517 km2, equivalent to 1.7 million hectares of farmland that is below 230 meters (ASL). It was recommended that the local authorities and decision makers may use the flood map to showing flood risk zones so as to deter construction beyond the buffer. Farmers should adhere strictly to NiMet’s advice based on flood predictions. The civil engineers should also take note of the maximum water level during flooding so as to apply professional advice when constructing roads and bridges in the area.

On the applicability of ICESat-2 and off-nadir SkySAT satellite datasets for the estimation of water storage in medium and small reservoirs at the global scale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennadii Donchyts ◽  
Dirk Eilander ◽  
Antonio Moreno-Rodenas ◽  
Maarten Pronk ◽  
Samapriya Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Small Reservoirs ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Sentinel 2

<p>Accurate and timely information on water storage changes in medium and small size reservoirs is needed for better water management and understanding of water dynamics on a global scale in general. While changes in surface water extent in these reservoirs can be monitored using satellite missions such as Landsat 8, Sentinel-1, and Sentinel-2, the information on water level and storage dynamics on a global scale is still missing. However, for most reservoirs, these storage changes can be estimated given that an accurate digital elevation model (DEM) is available for a dynamic part of the reservoir - the area covered between the minimum and maximum extents of the reservoir. In this research, we will investigate the applicability of data measured by the ICESat-2 lidar sensor and the off-nadir satellite imagery acquired by Planet’s SkySAT satellites and will evaluate how valuable these datasets are to estimate water storage changes in medium and small size reservoirs.</p>

scholarly journals A geomorphology-based approach for digital elevation model fusion – case study in Danang city, Vietnam

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Tran ◽  
V. Raghavan ◽  
S. Masumoto ◽  
P. Vinayaraj ◽  
G. Yonezawa
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Weighted Averaging ◽  
Normal Vector ◽  
Landform Classification ◽  
Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Elevation Model

Abstract. Global digital elevation models (DEM) are considered a source of vital spatial information and find wide use in several applications. The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Global DEM (GDEM) and Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) DEM offer almost global coverage and provide elevation data for geospatial analysis. However, GDEM and SRTM still contain some height errors that affect the quality of elevation data significantly. This study aims to examine methods to improve the resolution as well as accuracy of available free DEMs by data fusion techniques and evaluating the results with a high-quality reference DEM. The DEM fusion method is based on the accuracy assessment of each global DEM and geomorphological characteristics of the study area. Land cover units were also considered to correct the elevation of GDEM and SRTM with respect to the bare-earth surface. The weighted averaging method was used to fuse the input DEMs based on a landform classification map. According to the landform types, the different weights were used for GDEM and SRTM. Finally, a denoising algorithm (Sun et al., 2007) was applied to filter the output-fused DEM. This fused DEM shows excellent correlation to the reference DEM, having a correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9986, and the accuracy was also improved from a root mean square error (RMSE) of 14.9 m in GDEM and 14.8 m in SRTM to 11.6 m in the fused DEM. The results of terrain-related parameters extracted from this fused DEM such as slope, curvature, terrain roughness index and normal vector of topographic surface are also very comparable to reference data.

scholarly journals Durability of forest cover in the Ochotnica Valley (Gorce Mts.) and in the Solinka Valley (Bieszczady Mts.) in the 18th-21st centuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Godziek ◽  
Bartłomiej Szypuła
Keyword(s):  
Forest Cover ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Proportional Relationship ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Topographical Maps

Forests in the Carpathians are increasing their range mainly due to the expansion in former agricultural areas. In this study conducted for two valleys (88 and 69 km2 ) topographical maps from 18th to 20th century and an orthophotomap were used in order to determine the durability of forest cover. This durability is understood as the period of time during which a given area was presumably occupied by forest. A digital elevation model (DEM) and a digital surface model (DSM) of 1x1m resolution were applied to investigate the relationship between forest cover durability and altitude, slope, aspect and the mean height of trees. The variety of spatial structure of forest cover durability results mainly from the differences of the examined valleys accessibility. Positive correlation between forest cover durability and the mean height of trees and altitude found for both valleys. A directly proportional relationship between forest cover durability and slopes also occurs in the Solinka Valley.

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