scholarly journals Role of Knowledge in Management of Innovation

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Yury Nurulin ◽  
Inga Skvortsova ◽  
Iosif Tukkel ◽  
Marko Torkkeli
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Organizational Resource ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Systemic Understanding

Knowledge has always been, and still is, a crucial source of economy. However, during the past few years we have seen a growing interest in treating knowledge as a significant organizational resource for innovation. This trend coincides with the rapid development of ICT, indicating the strong influence that ICTs have on the processes of creating, disseminating, and using knowledge. At present, issues of innovation management and knowledge management are studied independently, which creates a certain gap in the systemic understanding of the innovation development processes. The paper proposes an integrated approach to the issues mentioned. The hierarchy and taxonomy of knowledge are considered from the point of view of their influence on decision-making at different stages of the innovation lifecycle. Our proposition complements and contributes to several recent models of decision-making developed in the frame of the innovation process.

GENCRIT: A tool for knowledge-based critiquing in engineering design

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Shiva Kumar ◽  
S. Suresh ◽  
C. S. Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Steven J. Fenves ◽  
S. Rajeev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Decision Making Model

AbstractThis article poses the notion that it is possible and desirable to formalize and apply design critiques in a specialized framework. It describes GENCRIT, (GENeric CRItiquing Tool), one such framework for design critiquing. The article starts by highlighting the role of critics in the design process. It then goes on to bring out the need for a critic building tool, viz. that of aiding in the rapid development of multiple critics. GENCRIT combines knowledge-based techniques and a multifactor decision making model to develop an integrated approach to evaluation that encompasses a wide range of designs. Critics developed using GENCRIT evaluate candidate designs based on the critiquing knowledge provided by experts, give justifications for the evaluation, and suggest improvements. The working of GENCRIT is illustrated with two examples: a constructibility critic for reinforced concrete buildings and a bridge design critic.

Current Features and Developments of Local Governance in Finland

2016 ◽  
pp. 304-327
Author(s):  
Hanna Vakkala ◽  
Jaana Leinonen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Local Democracy

This chapter discusses local governance renewals and the recent development of local democracy in Finland. Due to profound structural reforms, the role of municipalities is changing, which is challenging current local government processes, from management to citizen participation. Nordic local self-government is considered strong, despite of tightening state steering. Ruling reform politics and the increasing amount of service tasks do not fit the idea of active local governance with sufficient latitude for decision-making. To increase process efficiency, electronic services and governance have been developed nationally and locally, and solutions of eDemocracy have been launched to support participation. Developing participative, deliberative democracy during deep renewals creates opportunities but also requires investments, which create and increase variation between municipalities. From the point of view of local democracy, it becomes interesting how strong municipal self-governance and local governance renewals meet and how the role and status of municipalities are changing.

‘Stepping on the heads of our Gods'

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-56
Author(s):  
Yangji Doma Sherpa ◽  
A. John Sinclair ◽  
Thomas Henley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Court Cases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mountain Environments ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The Himalayan region of India is experiencing rapid development in tourism, agriculture, highway construction and hydroelectric dam construction. This research considered the role of the public both within and outside of development decision-making processes in these high mountain environments using the proposed Himalayan Ski Village (HSV) in Manali as a case study. The qualitative data revealed that there has been an extensive array of public participation activity related to the HSV project over approximately 10 years. Very little of this activity has evolved, however, through the formal decision-making process. Rather, most participation activities, such as general house meetings, objection letters, public rallies, court cases against the proposed project, and a religious congregation were instigated by the public to protest the proposed development. The findings also show that involvement in the participatory activities undertaken by the public and project proponent fostered instrumental and communicative learning outcomes.

scholarly journals From Interconnection between Genes and Microenvironment to Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches in Upper Gastro-Intestinal Cancers—A Multidisciplinary Perspective

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2105
Author(s):  
Giulia Accordino ◽  
Sara Lettieri ◽  
Chandra Bortolotto ◽  
Silvia Benvenuti ◽  
Anna Gallotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unmet Need ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Car T ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Multidisciplinary Perspective

Despite the progress during the last decade, patients with advanced gastric and esophageal cancers still have poor prognosis. Finding optimal therapeutic strategies represents an unmet need in this field. Several prognostic and predictive factors have been evaluated and may guide clinicians in choosing a tailored treatment. Data from large studies investigating the role of immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancers are promising but further investigations are necessary to better select those patients who can mostly benefit from these novel therapies. This review will focus on the treatment of metastatic esophageal and gastric cancer. We will review the standard of care and the role of novel therapies such as immunotherapies and CAR-T. Moreover, we will focus on the analysis of potential predictive biomarkers such as Modify as: Microsatellite Instability (MSI) and PD-L1, which may lead to treatment personalization and improved treatment outcomes. A multidisciplinary point of view is mandatory to generate an integrated approach to properly exploit these novel antiproliferative agents.

scholarly journals Practising open innovation: a framework of reference

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1311-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cinzia Battistella ◽  
Alberto Felice De Toni ◽  
Elena Pessot
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Exploratory Survey ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Opening Up

Purpose This work provides new insights into possible managerial choices and development directions for practising open innovation (OI) in companies. The purpose of this paper is to explore the different practices, actors and tools adopted for opening up the innovation process, in particular, by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that are still facing difficulties in its implementation. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a literature review and an exploratory survey of a sample of 85 European SMEs. Findings The study identifies a total of 23 practices, 20 actors and 11 tools involved in the OI processes of companies. It highlights, through literature and empirical evidence, how different combinations of practices, actors and tools are put into practice. Research limitations/implications The developed framework offers new insights both from OI literature and from practitioners’ point of view into the supporting decision-making processes regarding which practices to implement, tools to adopt and actors to collaborate with. A wider investigation is recommended to include more variables to define the differences among the combinations of practices, actors and tools in terms of types of innovation (e.g. product, process, etc.), the openness degree and other contextual factors. Originality/value The originality of this paper is based on the fact that it focusses on a practical perspective of OI implementation, building a framework of reference from previous literature and empirical investigation.

scholarly journals Images of innovation in discourses of free and open source software

First Monday ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Dafermos ◽  
Michel J.G. Van Eeten
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Q Methodology ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Four Discourses ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, we examine the relationship between innovation and free/open source software (FOSS) based on the views of contributors to FOSS projects, using Q methodology as a method of discourse analysis to make visible the positions held by FOSS contributors and identify the discourses encountered in the FOSS community. In specific, our analysis reveals four discourses: four ways of expressing oneself used by FOSS contributors, which, aside from certain commonalities, postulate fundamentally different conceptions of innovation. Whereas the dispersion of FOSS contributors’ subjectivity across four different discourses is indicative of the diversity and heterogeneity of the FOSS community, their commonalities, however, demarcate a common ground that all discourses share: points of agreement include the negative effect of patents on innovation, the predominant role of end users over manufacturers in the innovation process and the embrace of FOSS licenses as a key enabler of innovation. In the conclusion, we outline some implications for innovation management and policy.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS IN ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT OF INNOVATION PROCESS AT INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-319
Author(s):  
Дмитрий Ерохин ◽  
Dmitriy Erokhin ◽  
Алла Горностаева ◽  
Alla Gornostaeva ◽  
Ирина Чернышова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Management ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Organization Management ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Innovation Project ◽  
The Uk

In the paper the innovation management of an industrial enterprise is considered. The cooperation problem of colleges and industrial enterprises is touched upon. The regularities in scientific-engineering development of production under conditions of the formation of market economy and its crisis state are revealed. New principles ensuring the purposefulness of development are elaborated, the peculiarities in re-search work are considered. The authors have formulated the factors affect-ing the innovation development of an industrial enterprise both in the view of acceleration and from the point of view of innovation process deceleration. On the basis of the analysis carried out there is formed a program of innovation project realization at the “UK”BMP” Co. with the indication of terms and costs. The stages of program realization with measures shown increasing innovation activity efficiency are formulated.

scholarly journals La vinculación universidad-empresa-gobierno: una visión histórica y conceptual

ECA Sinergia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gladys Saltos Briones ◽  
Silvia Odriozola Guitart ◽  
Maritza Ortiz Torres
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World Knowledge ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
The Government ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

  En el mundo contemporáneo, cada vez con mayor fuerza, el conocimiento se convierte en un elemento fundamental para los procesos de desarrollo, lo cual ha ido transformando el rol de las universidades en sus vínculos con la sociedad. En este contexto, la participación del gobierno, así como del sistema empresarial, se torna igualmente relevante, dando lugar a diversos modelos de vinculación entre todos estos actores. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, el presente trabajo tiene como propósito fundamental la sistematización, desde el punto de vista teórico-metodológico e histórico, de las bases conceptuales para la vinculación universidad-empresa-gobierno, así como de los modelos de vinculación derivados de la experiencia internacional. Ambos tópicos son abordados en los dos apartados que conforman el artículo.   Palabras clave: Vinculación, Universidad, Empresa, Gobierno   ABSTRACT In the contemporary world, knowledge is increasingly becoming a fundamental element for development processes, which has been transforming the role of universities in their links with society. In this context, the participation of the government, as well as of the industry, becomes equally relevant, giving rise to diverse models of linkage between all these actors. Taking into account the above, the present work has as its fundamental purpose the systematization, from the theoretical-methodological and historical point of view, of the conceptual bases for the university-industry-government linkage, as well as of the linking models derived from the international experience. Both topics are addressed in the two sections that make up the article.   Key words: Linkage, University, Industry, Government  

scholarly journals Balanced system of indicators for the assessment of innovative construction projects efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 02154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saule Rakhimova ◽  
Kymbat Kunanbayeva ◽  
Lyudmila Goncharenko ◽  
Andrey Pigurin
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Technological Effectiveness ◽  
Key Driver

The role of innovations in the construction industry is considered in the article. In the conditions of transition of national economy to the innovative type of development, the indicators that allow estimating the efficiency of innovative activity, where the key aspect is the comprehensive assessment, are important. Innovative projects are especially relevant for the construction industry, which is the key driver of the national economy development. Sustainable construction ensures the development of industries, where innovative projects can partly solve the problems of creating renewable energy sources. The authors offer to expand the list of indicators for the assessment of the innovative project efficiency not only from the financial and investment point of view, but also taking into account quantitative and quality, scientific, technological, operational, marketing indicators, which often are not considered. The assessment of the innovative projects efficiency has to be the central link in the innovation management; so the authors offer to improve the system of the balanced indicators. The balanced system of indicators (BSI) is developed. It is planned to extend and to introduce BSI not only at the level of the enterprises, but also for all the types of economic activity according to their technological effectiveness.

scholarly journals Innovation management as a tool of qualitative changes in the food processing industry

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 361-364
Author(s):  
E. Horská ◽  
I. Ubrežiová
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
New Product ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Qualitative Level ◽  
Manage Innovation ◽  
Qualitative Changes

The paper deals with theoretical and practical aspects of the innovation process as well as its final results and impact on qualitative level of the supply in the market with food products. From this point of view, we consider an innovation process as an alternative approach how to reach competitive advantage. The paper also points at several possibilities how to manage innovation process in order to create a new product with certain features of competitiveness. There follows from the research that the innovation process is not only the question of new product development but it is also the question of technological approach, new markets entering as well as organization changes in the company.

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