scholarly journals Gender Attitudes in Religious Schools: A Comparative Study of Religious and Secular Private Schools in Guatemala

Religions ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darin Mather
Keyword(s):  
Private Schools ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Catholic School ◽  
Gender Attitudes ◽  
Religious Schools ◽  
School Students ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Insight Into

This study assesses the effect that private religious schools have on gender attitudes in students. Using data collected from twenty-one private schools in Guatemala, gender attitudes are assessed using latent class analysis. The results indicate that students’ gender attitudes can be categorized into three distinct profiles. These are non-egalitarian, publicly egalitarian, and generally egalitarian. Subsequent analysis reveals that religious schools and specific religious beliefs are correlated with different gender attitude profiles. For instance, Catholic school students are more likely to be generally egalitarian than students in evangelical or secular schools, and biblical literalists are most likely to be publicly egalitarian. Overall, this research highlights the need to develop new conceptual models to provide more accurate and nuanced descriptions of gender attitudes. It also provides new insight into correlations between religious schools and religious beliefs and gender attitudes formation.

EDUCATIONAL TIDBITS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. A57-A57
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Private School ◽  
Catholic Schools ◽  
Religious Schools ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Population ◽  
Private High School

Of an estimated 46 million students enrolled in elementary and secondary schools in fall 1989, about 12 percent were at private schools. More than half of private school students attend Catholic schools, while about a third are enrolled in other religious schools. Nonsectarian schools account for 14 percent of the private-school population. Most private school students are enrolled in elementary school, while a sixth attend private high school. About a third attend private schools that combine elementary and secondary.

scholarly journals Secular Values, Economic Development, and Gender Inequality in a Global Context

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-194
Author(s):  
Peyman Hekmatpour
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Gender Attitudes ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Interactive Models ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data

Abstract This article investigates how cultural and material factors can explain disparities observed in different forms of gender inequality between and within nations. Using data from multiple sources, the author constructs a panel dataset that includes 150 country-year observations nested in 70 countries, covering 23 years from 1991 to 2013. Through estimating hybrid panel models, this article discovers that more secular countries have lower maternal mortality ratios, higher female labor force participation rates, greater shares of parliamentary seats held by women, higher rates of women with completed secondary education, and smaller shares of the total population who adhere to inequitable gender attitudes. Moreover, from a longitudinal perspective, secularization is the only predictor of declined maternal mortality ratios and increased female parliamentary representation within a country. Interactive models suggest that further secularization within high-income nations can increase maternal mortality ratios. Furthermore, secularization’s equalizing effect on parliamentary representation moderates as countries become more affluent.

scholarly journals The Intersection of Racial and Gender Attitudes, 1977 through 2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 000312242110335
Author(s):  
William J. Scarborough ◽  
Joanna R. Pepin ◽  
Danny L. Lambouths ◽  
Ronald Kwon ◽  
Ronaldo Monasterio
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
White Women ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gender Attitudes ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Gender Egalitarianism ◽  
And Gender

Intersectionality scholars have long identified dynamic configurations of race and gender ideologies. Yet, survey research on racial and gender attitudes tends to treat these components as independent. We apply latent class analysis to a set of racial and gender attitude items from the General Social Survey (1977 to 2018) to identify four configurations of individuals’ simultaneous views on race and gender. Two of these configurations hold unified progressive or regressive racial and gender attitudes. The other two formations have discordant racial and gender attitudes, where progressive views on one aspect combine with regressive views on the other. In the majority of survey years, the most commonly held configuration endorsed gender equality but espoused new racialist views that attributed racial disparities to cultural deficiencies. This perspective has become increasingly common since 1977 and is most prevalent among White women and White men, likely due to racial-group interest. Black women and Black men, in contrast, are more likely to embrace progressive racial and gender attitudes. We argue that White men’s gender egalitarianism may be rooted in self-interest, aimed at acquiring resources through intimate relationships. In contrast, Black men adopt progressive racial and gender attitudes to form a necessary coalition with Black women to challenge racism.

scholarly journals The Intersection of Racial and Gender Attitudes, 1977 through 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Scarborough ◽  
Joanna R. Pepin ◽  
Danny Lambouths ◽  
Ronald Kwon ◽  
Ronaldo Monasterio
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
White Women ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Gender Attitudes ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Gender Egalitarianism ◽  
And Gender

Intersectionality scholars have long identified dynamic configurations of race and gender ideologies. Yet, survey research on racial and gender attitudes has tended to treat these components as independent. We apply latent class analysis to a set of racial and gender attitude items from the General Social Survey (1977 — 2018) to identify four configurations of individuals’ simultaneous views on race and gender. Two of these configurations hold unified progressive or regressive racial and gender attitudes. Two additional formations have discordant racial and gender attitudes where progressive views on one aspect combine with regressive views on the other. In the majority of survey years, the most commonly held configuration endorsed gender equality but espoused new racialist views that attributed racial disparities to cultural deficiencies. This perspective has become increasingly common since 1977 and is most prevalent among White women and White men, likely due to racial-group interest. Black women and Black men, in contrast, are more likely to embrace progressive racial and gender attitudes. We argue that White men’s gender egalitarianism may be rooted in self-interest, aimed to acquire resources through intimate relationships. Among Black men, progressive racial and gender attitudes form a necessary coalition with Black women to challenge racism.

scholarly journals Secular Values, Economic Development, and Gender Inequality in a Global Context

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Hekmatpour
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Gender Attitudes ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Interactive Models ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data

This article investigates how cultural and material factors can explain disparities observed in different forms of gender inequality between and within nations. Using data from multiple sources, I construct a panel dataset that includes 150 country-year observations nested in 70 countries, covering 23 years from 1991 to 2013. Through estimating hybrid panel models, this article discovers that more secular countries have lower maternal mortality ratios, higher female labor force participation rates, greater shares of parliamentary seats held by women, higher rates of women with completed secondary education, and smaller shares of the total population who adhere to inequitable gender attitudes. Moreover, from a longitudinal perspective, secularization is the only predictor of declined maternal mortality ratios and increased female parliamentary representation within a country. Interactive models suggest that further secularization within high-income nations can increase maternal mortality ratios. Furthermore, secularization’s equalizing effect on parliamentary representation moderates as countries become more affluent.

scholarly journals Comparison of Academic Development in Catholic versus Non-Catholic Private Secondary Schools

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikyong Minsun Kim ◽  
Margaret Placier
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Catholic Schools ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Catholic School ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Students ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Education Longitudinal Study

Utilizing hierarchical linear models, this study of 144 private schools (72 Catholic and 72 non-Catholic schools) drawn from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 discovered that Catholic school students scored lower in reading than students at non-Catholic private schools. Analysis of internal school characteristics suggested that lower growth in reading achievement might be related in part to lower student morale in Catholic schools. However, we found no significant differences between Catholic and non-Catholic private secondary schools in the development of students' math, history/social studies, and science abilities from eighth to tenth grades. This study also identified important student- and school-level variables such as Catholicism, gender, risk factor, parental involvement, and enrollment size that help to explain the outcomes.

Motivation and Postsecondary Enrollment Among High School Students Whose Parents Did Not Go to College

2020 ◽  
pp. 089484532094639
Author(s):  
Chia-Lin Tsai ◽  
Austin Brown ◽  
Allyson Lehrman ◽  
Lu Tian
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
College Preparation ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
School Students ◽  
Postsecondary Enrollment ◽  
School Professionals ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between motivation in high school and postsecondary enrollment among 10th-grade students whose parents did not go to college. Specifically, this study (1) identified distinct groups of students’ self-reported reasons for attending schools among 10th graders, (2) examined whether these groups were differentially associated with indicators of college preparation and enrollment, and (3) investigated whether the time to postsecondary enrollment differed across groups. A latent class analysis was conducted to classify students into different motivation orientations. Using data from the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002, the current study found three distinct classes of school motivation, with different reasons for attending school. The largest class (53%) was characterized by high intrinsic, identified/introjected, and external motivations for attending school. Patterns of college preparation and enrollment outcomes varied across motivation orientations. Implications for school professionals and supporting programs are discussed.

scholarly journals La fragmentación del conocer en educación física (The fragmentation of knowledge in physical education)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 231-237
Author(s):  
Sebastián Peña Troncoso ◽  
Sergio Toro Arevalo ◽  
Jaime Cárcamo Oyarzún ◽  
Claudio Hernández Mosqueira ◽  
Mauricio Cresp Barria
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
And Gender

  El estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar con fines diagnósticos la formación conceptual en la asignatura de Educación Física, en estudiantes chilenos de enseñanza media. El estudio fue metodológicamente de corte descriptivo transversal. Participaron 659 estudiantes, 54% (hombres) y 46% (mujeres), con edades entre los 13 y 14 años, de las tres dependencias educativas del país; municipal (36.4%), subvencionado (37.8%) y privado (25.8%). Se realizó un muestreo probabilístico estratificado según dependencia educativa y sexo de los estudiantes. Para la recolección de los datos se aplicó un cuestionario diseñado y validado con estudiantes del currículo chileno. Los principales resultados indican que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las dependencias educativas, con resultados específicos de la prueba Anova de f = 48.584 p < .05 a favor de los colegios particulares. En conclusión, el estudio muestra un bajo dominio disciplinar de los alumnos y alumnas en las diferentes dependencias educativas, manifestando, una vez más, la necesidad de buscar metodológicas innovadoras para la disciplina, en función de mejorar los resultados de la dimensión conceptual. Abstract. The study aimed at diagnosing the conceptual formation in physical education in Chilean high school students. The study used a descriptive cross-sectional methodology. A total of 659 students participated, 54% boys and 46% girls, aged between 13 and 14 years old, from the three educational units in the country; public schools (36.4%), subsidized schools (37.8%) and private schools (25.8%). A stratified probabilistic sampling was performed based on students’ educational dependence and gender. For the data collection, a questionnaire designed and validated with students of the Chilean curriculum was applied. The main results indicate that there are statistically significant differences between educational units, with specific results from Anova of f = 48,584 p <.05 in favor of private schools. In conclusion, the study shows a low disciplinary domain of the students in the different educational units, highlighting once more the need to seek innovative methodologies within this discipline in order to improve the learning of its conceptual dimension.

PROFIL KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DITINJAU DARI TINGKAT KECEMASAN MATEMATIKA DAN JENDER

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Endang Wahyuningrum ◽  
Disti Pratiwi ◽  
Sandra Sukmaning Adji
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Mathematics Anxiety ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Math Anxiety ◽  
Male Student ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
School Students ◽  
And Gender

The purpose of this study was to describe the creative thinking skills of junior high school students based on mathematics anxiety and gender. Aspects of creative thinking skills used in this study are fluency, flexibility, and novelty. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The instruments used were open-ended questions consisting of algebra and geometry questions, mathematics anxiety questionnaires, and interview guidelines. The study was conducted in class IX E of SMPI Al Azhar 12 Rawamangun Jakarta. The subject of this study consisted of four students, they are male student with low mathematics anxiety, female student with low mathematics anxiety, male student with medium mathematics anxiety, and female student with medium mathematics anxiety. The results of the mathematics anxiety questionnaire showed that none of the students in class IX E had high math anxiety. There are differences in the fulfillment of aspects of creative thinking in terms of differences in mathematics anxiety and gender levels. Students with low math anxiety fulfill aspects of fluency, flexibility, and novelty in algebra and geometry questions. Students with medium math anxiety fulfill aspects of fluency and flexibility both in algebra and geometry questions. Female students fulfill aspects of fluency, flexibility, and novelty both in algebra and geometry questions. Male students fulfill aspects of fluency and flexibility in algebra questions, while in geometry questions the aspects that are fulfilled are fluency, flexibility, and novelty.

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