scholarly journals Radical Islam and Insurgency in Northern Nigeria: Tensions and Challenges

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
Stephen Onakuse ◽  
Victor Jatula
Keyword(s):  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Religious Violence ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The North ◽  
Radical Islam ◽  
Religious Extremism

Located within a broad appraisal of Nigeria’s nascent democracy, this paper examined the roots and triggers of radical Islam and religious extremism in Northern Nigeria. It also investigated its implication in the region through the lenses of religion and politics. Since 1804, a tradition of jihadist Islam in the north, introduced by Sheikh Uthman dan Fodio, has shaped not only the politics of the region but has festered into modern-day insurgency. This radicalism enthroned an intolerant, anti-Western and violent Islamic ideology used against minorities within and against other religions, ethno-regional groups, and political blocs in Nigeria. What exactly are the triggers of religious violence in today’s Northern Nigeria? Furthermore, if any, what are the implications for this region? Drawing on archival materials and secondary sources, findings reveal deep-seated, anti-southern sentiments in the north, complicated by religious, cultural, and economic suspicions, whipped up at political intersections. Evidence also indicates significant leadership failures. This internal complexity holds back Northern Nigeria’s overall economic and social modernisation pace. This paper recommends state-sponsored awareness campaigns that emphasise diversity, integration and unity. To overcome insurgency, politics must deliver dividends of democracy to all. Governance must become a means to economic ends and not an end in itself.

scholarly journals AN OVERVIEW OF THE GENESIS, SOURCES, MANIFESTATIONS AND IMPACT OF SMALL ARMS AND LIGHT WEAPONS (SALW) IN NORTHERN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 195-218
Author(s):  
Babayo Sule ◽  
Ibrahim Kawuley Mikail ◽  
Muhammad Aminu Yahaya
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Small Arms ◽  
Intelligence Gathering ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The North ◽  
Light Weapons

The protracted proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) across the globe to Africa and specifically in Northern Nigeria has led to the explosion of social crises which culminated in insecurity situation in the region for more than a decade now. Armed conflicts emanated from the effects of the spread of SALW across the three geopolitical zones in the North which manifested in the Boko Haram insurgency in the Northeast, farmers-herders conflict in the Northcentral, armed banditry in the Northwest and ethnoreligious conflicts in addition to kidnappings in the region. The objective of this study is a critical and thorough investigation of the SALW in exacerbating armed conflicts in general in the Northern part of Nigeria. The problem is the scenario in which the armed conflicts are threatening to entirely destabilised the region and the manner in which the SALW are increasing despite the global efforts to contain their spread for security reasons. This research used a qualitative method of data collection and analysis. Both the primary and secondary sources were used. The primary source was the interview conducted with selected informants in the relevant area of study. The secondary source was the use of available literature on the subject matter of study and the discussions were made using thematic analytical interpretations. The research discovered that the rampant armed conflicts in Northern Nigeria is the reminiscent of the spread of SALW in the region which tantamount to the present critical security situation. Also, weak policy and political institutions contributed to the spread of SALW which means there is a need for a strong policy approach. The work recommends among other numerous suggestions that efforts should be intensified in intelligence gathering to detect the networking of the racketeers in the armed business and contain them appropriately as well as total blockage of the weapons’ route.

scholarly journals Sectarian Crisis in Northern Nigeria: Case Study of Kaduna State (2007-2016)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Eze-Michael Ezedikachi. N
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Religious Extremism ◽  
The Government

Sectarian crisis has been said to have erupted from groups with different ideological values and perspectives and had resulted into conflicts and brought about sectarian crisis especially in the northern Nigeria. The study examined the various causes of sectarian crisis in northern Nigeria, which included religious fundamentalism, religious extremism, and political manipulations. The study examined the effect of sectarian crisis in northern Nigeria with Kaduna state used for the case study. It was structurally analyzed with the use of quantitative method due to the nature of the research. The study developed fifteen (15) research questions, which were administered to 2 local government areas in Kaduna state namely Jema’a and Zagon kataf. Both primary and secondary data were used as sources of data. For primary sources data was gotten from the field work where research questionnaires were distributed and, for the secondary sources, data was gotten from journals, articles, published and unpublished books, libraries, works from the existing literature related to this study as well as from the internet. While the simple percentage technique was used in organizing and presenting the data collected. The data analysis revealed that sectarian crisis created ethnic differences and socio-economic problems. The study recommended that for sectarian crisis to be prevented, an elaborate process of depoliticizing ethnic groups must be put in place. The government also should take measures to shutdown religious group crisis by promoting peace and unity in the society. By this northern Nigeria will experience peace, oneness, good security and national Unity.

scholarly journals Terrorism, Fulani herdsmen and the forced migration of Christians and Igbo Indigines from Northern Nigeria: The revalidation of Biafra?

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 429-450
Author(s):  
Christian Chima Chukwu ◽  
Anyaoha Okechukwu
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Frustration Theory ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
North Central ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
The North ◽  
The Government

This paper highlights terrorism, Fulani herdsmen and the forced migration of Christians and Igbo indigenes from Northern Nigeria, and the revalidation of Biafra following the killings of hundreds of Christians, and Igbo indigenes, and destruction of their properties running into billions of Naira in Borno, Yobe, Gombe, Bauchi, Adamawa, Taraba, Kaduna, Plateau, Benue, Nassarawa and Kogi States. However, the recent slaughter of innocent Nigerians in Benue State including the senseless slaughter of two Catholic priests and their parishioners by marauding Fulani herdsmen heightened the insecurity in Nigeria. Data depended on both primary and secondary sources and literatures related to the variables were reviewed. Aggression and Frustration theory was employed to provide a foundation for the study. Among the findings, the study revealed that the terrorism has become a national menace affecting socio-economic and political development of the country. The study showed that the Boko Haram deadly attacks have not only destroyed hundreds of lives and properties worth billions of naira, but also culminated in the forced migration of both Christians and Igbo Indigenes seeking greener pastures from Northern Nigeria. The study, furthermore, revealed that the current wave of uncertainties in Nigeria is a bye product of an accumulated deprivation, destruction, marginalization, anger and frustration of Christians of the north central geographical zone who would prefer to join their Igbo counterparts to be self ruled in their proposed creation: Biafra. Based on this, the study therefore recommends that the government should protect and safeguard Christians of the north central geographical zone and Igbo Indigenes from being massacred and their properties running into billions of naira destroyed so as to save Nigeria from splitting into "Banana Republics". Secondly, the government should address the symptoms of terrorism and the deadly and continued invasion of Fulani herdsmen rather than the root cause in order to resolve the crisis and halt the dismemberment of the Nigeria nation. Furthermore, the Muslim leaders should inculcate in their members high ethical standards, respect for human life, dignity and also ensure that their adherents are more loving and tolerant of other people and other religions. Finally, the study concludes that since Nigeria is a pluralist society, the government should through the mass media emphasize the essence of peaceful co-existence so as to engender national integration.

Traditionalism and politics: A case study of Northern Nigeria

1967 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. O. Dudley
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
High Time ◽  
The Political ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
The North ◽  
The Right

In the debate on the Native Authority (Amendment) Law of 1955, the late Premier of the North, Sir Ahmadu Bello, Sardauna of Sokoto, replying to the demand that ‘it is high time in the development of local government systems in this Region that obsolete and undemocratic ways of appointing Emirs’ Councils should close’, commented that ‘the right traditions that we have gone away from are the cutting off of the hands of thieves, and that has caused a lot of thieving in this country. Why should we not be cutting (off) the hands of thieves in order to reduce thieving? That is logical and it is lawful in our tradition and custom here.’ This could be read as a defence against social change, a recrudescence of ‘barbarism’ after the inroads of pax Britannica, and a plea for the retention of the status quo and the entrenched privilege of the political elite.

scholarly journals DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES IN IMPACTS OF HYDROELETRIC DAMS BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH OF BRAZIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUILLAUME LETURCQ
Keyword(s):  
Hydroelectric Dams ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The North ◽  
The People ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam ◽  
Area North ◽  
South Of Brazil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
North And South ◽  
Belo Monte

Abstract The environmental impacts of hydroelectric dams in Brazil are investigated in local and regional scales, for the last years. In this paper, we analyze the impact than the establishment of a hydroelectric dam has for the people and their spaces, with the comparative experiences occurred for the North and South of Brazil. We will focus on aspects related to the organization of families, social fight, the compensation and resettlement of people affected by the dam's construction, as well we take a look to the similarities between the two areas, with emphasis on aspects related to migration, mobility and landscapes. For this, we rely on research carried out on the river Uruguay (South), based on interviews, questionnaires and studies of primary and secondary sources, from 2007 to 2014 and also in a survey that is currently being held in Belo Monte area (North), which also uses primary and secondary sources, with fieldwork periods.

“Opting Out”: An Experiment with Jurisdiction in Northern Nigeria

1964 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
S. S. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
African State ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Legal Systems ◽  
Opting Out ◽  
Strong Case ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

With the commencement of the Native Courts (Amendment) Law, 1961, the Government of the Northern Region of Nigeria abolished “opting out”, an experiment with jurisdiction which must surely be unique within the history of modern legal systems and therefore worthy of recording before the facts are obscured and lest any other African state, faced with similar difficulties, is tempted to adopt this expedient as a temporary palliative to meet a similar situation. It is all the more desirable to publish the facts since the strong case for abolition presented by the Northern Regional Government is in danger of being lost by default. On 14th October, 1961, the Daily Service in Nigeria published a bitter attack on the Native Courts (Amendment) Law, 1961, under the title “The light goes out in the North”.

scholarly journals Islam in Nigeria

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-162
Author(s):  
Dennis Michael Warren
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Christian Missions ◽  
British Imperialism ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Introductory Overview ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Islam in Nigeria is the product of A. R. I. Doi's twenty years of research on the spread and development of Islam in Nigeria. Professor Doi, currently the director of the Centre for Islamic Legal Studies at Ahmadu Bello University in Zaria, has also taught at the University of Nigeria at Nsukka and the University of lfe. His lengthy tenure in the different major geographical zones of Nigeria is reflected in the book. The twenty-one chapters begin with a general introductory overview of the spread of Islam in West Africa. Part I is devoted to the impact of Islam in the Northern States of Nigeria, Part II deals with the more recent spread of Islam into the Southern Nigerian States and Part III explicates a wide variety of issues germane to the understanding of Islam at the national level. The book is comprehensive, thoroughly researched, and is based on analyses of secondary sources as well as primary field research conducted in all parts of Nigeria. The book has nine maps, seventy-three photographs, detailed notes at the end of each chapter, a bibliography and an index. Professor Doi traces the spread of Islam through North Africa into the Ancient Empires of Ghana, Mali and Songhai. As Islam moved into the Northern part of Nigeria, it had a dramatic impact on the seven Hausa states and on the Fulani peoples who carried out the jihad under Shehu Utham Dan Fodio and the Fulani Sultans of Sokoto. A link was established between the Umawz Arabs and the Kanem-Bornu State. Islam also influenced the Nupe and Ebirra peoples. With the arrival of the Royal Niger Company, British Imperialism and Christian missions began to move into Northern Nigeria about 1302 AH/1885 AC. The impact of colonialism and Christianity upon Islam in Northern Nigeria is analyzed by Dr. Doi. Of particular interest is the analysis of syncretism between Islam and the indigenous cultures and religions of Northern Nigeria. The Boori Cult and the belief in al-Jinni are described. The life cycle of the Hausa-Fulani Muslims includes descriptions of the ceremonies conducted at childbirth, the naming of a new child, engagement, marriage, divorce, and death. Non-Islamic beliefs which continue to persist among Muslims in Northern Nigeria are identified ...

scholarly journals Promoting early diagnosis and recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic in lung cancer through public awareness campaigns: learning from patient and public insight work

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001120
Author(s):  
Matthew Evison ◽  
Sarah Taylor ◽  
Seamus Grundy ◽  
Anna Perkins ◽  
Michael Peake
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
The North ◽  
The Common ◽  
Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer

COVID-19 has had a devastating impact on outcomes in lung cancer leading to later stage presentation, less curative treatment and higher mortality. This has amplified the existing problem of late-stage presentation in lung cancer and is a call to arms for a multifaceted strategy to address this, including public awareness campaigns to promote healthcare review in patients with persistent chest symptoms. We report the learning from patient and public insight work from across the North of England exploring the barriers to seeking healthcare review with persistent chest symptoms. Members of the public described how a lack of importance is placed on the common symptoms of lung cancer and a feeling of being unworthy of review by healthcare professionals. They would feel motivated to seek review by dispelling the nihilism of lung cancer and would be able to take action more easily by removing the logistical hassle in the process. We propose a four-pillar framework (validation–endorsement–motivation–action) for developing the content of any public awareness campaigns promoting early diagnosis of lung cancer based on the findings of this comprehensive insight work. All providers and commissioners must work together to overcome the perceived and real barriers to patients with persistent chest symptoms.

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