scholarly journals ‘Childness’: An Alternative Approach to the Archaeology of Childhood through Cemetery Studies

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Muller ◽  
Burke ◽  
Leiuen ◽  
Degner ◽  
Farrell
Keyword(s):  
South Australia ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Rural South ◽  
Social Ideology ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Class And Status

Notions of childhood in colonial Australia were informed by a variety of social contexts that varied across time and space and were given material expression in the memorialization of children’s burials. Using data drawn from two studies of nineteenth-century cemeteries in rural South Australia, in this paper, we suggest an alternative way to understand children archaeologically that avoids the trap of essentialism: the notion of ‘childness’. Childness is defined as the multiple conceptions of being, and being labeled, a child. The concept of being a child may be instantiated in different ways according to particular social, cultural, chronological, and religious contexts; childness is the measure of this variation. In Western historical settings, the most likely causes for such variation are the social processes of class and status via the closely associated ideologies of gentility and respectability and their attendant expectations around labor, as well as the shifts they represent in the social ideology of the family. Exploring childness, rather than children, provides an alternative way to approach the histories of contemporary Western understandings of childhood, including when particular types of childhood began and ended, and according to what criteria in different contexts, as well as how boundaries between child and adult were continually being established and re-negotiated.

Entanglements between Agency and Vulnerability in the Phenomenon of Birth. Reflections on Children’s Expressions about ‘Being Born’

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2-2020) ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Catrin Heite ◽  
Veronika Magyar-Haas
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cultural Embeddedness

Analogously to the works in the field of new social studies of childhood, this contribution deals with the concept of childhood as a social construction, in which children are considered as social actors in their own living environment, engaged in interpretive reproduction of the social. In this perspective the concept of agency is strongly stressed, and the vulnerability of children is not sufficiently taken into account. But in combining vulnerability and agency lies the possibility to consider the perspective of the subjects in the context of their social, political and cultural embeddedness. In this paper we show that what children say, what is important to them in general and for their well-being, is shaped by the care experiences within the family and by their social contexts. The argumentation for the intertwining of vulnerability and agency is exemplified by the expressions of an interviewed girl about her birth and by reference to philosophical concepts about birth and natality.

Betwixt and Between

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenique S. Thomas ◽  
Johnna Christian
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Ethnic Minority Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Incarcerated Men ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minority

This chapter draws from a qualitative study of incarcerated men to investigate the social processes and interactions between both correctional authorities and family members that inform their sense of belonging and legitimacy. It reveals that prison visitation rooms present a complex environment in which incarcerated men have access to discreet periods of visibility and relevance to their family members and the broader community. There are, however, several precarious aspects to these processes. The family members who are central to enhancing men’s visibility and legitimacy are primarily women from economically disadvantaged, racial, and ethnic minority groups, resulting in their own marginalization, which is compounded within prison spaces. By illuminating both the challenges and opportunities of familial connections, this chapter informs a social justice framework for understanding the experiences of both incarcerated men and their family members.

scholarly journals Extending Geodemographics Using Data Primitives: A Review and a Methodological Proposal

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Jennie Gray ◽  
Lisa Buckner ◽  
Alexis Comber
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Feature Space ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cluster Label ◽  
Static Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
Using Data

This paper reviews geodemographic classifications and developments in contemporary classifications. It develops a critique of current approaches and identifiea a number of key limitations. These include the problems associated with the geodemographic cluster label (few cluster members are typical or have the same properties as the cluster centre) and the failure of the static label to describe anything about the underlying neighbourhood processes and dynamics. To address these limitations, this paper proposed a data primitives approach. Data primitives are the fundamental dimensions or measurements that capture the processes of interest. They can be used to describe the current state of an area in a multivariate feature space, and states can be compared over multiple time periods for which data are available, through for example a change vector approach. In this way, emergent social processes, which may be too weak to result in a change in a cluster label, but are nonetheless important signals, can be captured. As states are updated (for example, as new data become available), inferences about different social processes can be made, as well as classification updates if required. State changes can also be used to determine neighbourhood trajectories and to predict or infer future states. A list of data primitives was suggested from a review of the mechanisms driving a number of neighbourhood-level social processes, with the aim of improving the wider understanding of the interaction of complex neighbourhood processes and their effects. A small case study was provided to illustrate the approach. In this way, the methods outlined in this paper suggest a more nuanced approach to geodemographic research, away from a focus on classifications and static data, towards approaches that capture the social dynamics experienced by neighbourhoods.

scholarly journals Exploring flow experiences in cooperative digital gaming contexts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Katherine Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Digital Gaming ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Experiences ◽  
Group Flow ◽  
Flow Experiences

Given the social nature of digital gaming, an investigation into social processes underpinning the experiences within social contexts of play is greatly warranted. The current research explored the underpinnings of “group flow” within cooperative-based gaming. In particular, this was intended to provide insight into the social processes which facilitate flow experiences in these contexts. This was achieved through a questionnaire in which gamers (N = 76) provided retrospective open-ended accounts of flow during cooperative gaming. Additionally, quantitative data was obtained on flow and post-gameplay mood within this experience, as well as in solo gaming for comparative analysis. Thematic analysis of the qualitative responses revealed a number of factors which determined the experience of flow. These were; effective communication and team-work and task relevant knowledge of group members. Additionally, although flow was found to be lower in cooperative versus solo gaming, no differences in post-gameplay mood were observed. These findings aid conceptual development of facilitators of group flow in cooperative gaming, with insights into how this may extend to other cooperative activities. Additionally, they also provide new practical insight for representatives in the gaming industry on how gaming may be developed with the aim of promoting positive shared group experiences.

scholarly journals Initial fundamentals for the generation of a pre model of phenomenological analysis focused on the concept of violence

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
Jhon Jairo Mosquera rodas ◽  
Maria Beatriz Valencia Bonnilla
Keyword(s):  
Current Problem ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Legal Problem ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Theoretical Position ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Objective View ◽  
Social Level

The article proposes an investigation for the construction of a pre-analysis model, based on the phenomenological conception from the psychology referred to by Fisas Vicenç, to then address the construct of violence, based on the cultural perspective from Rojas Blanco, stripping himself from the dualistic conception of gender that arises from the Cartesian philosophical conception, aspect that prevents addressing the issue of violence as a great psychosocial phenomenon, leaving it in a purely legal problem, without transcending the psychological as an alternative solution to the current problem. The methodology used is of a hermeneutical nature, focusing the interpretation on the theoretical position, the statistics are analyzed, as the interpretative scenario related to the topic, using the main elements of the pre-model as a form of empirical application of the same, to the social contexts that require it. For this, then, the interpretative analysis of the primary elements of the family violence category is used, in relation to the various manifestations of this, at the social level. Essentially, the pre-model, its elements and the way of articulating them to the phenomenological world are presented as a result, for a more objective view at the reality of violence in the different scenarios. It is important to refer to the need to transform the perspective of violence from the complex, dissolving the notion of duality that stands around this category at the level of national and international institutions. A more humane and in-depth look at this category allows more objective decisions to be made, about the different issues that emerge around the concept of violence.

scholarly journals Strategic Transformation: Cultural and Gender Identity Negotiation in First-Generation Vietnamese Youth

2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Stritikus ◽  
Diem Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Identity ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Immigrant Students ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
School Site ◽  
The Social ◽  
Full Picture ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Strategic Transformation

This article explores the various ways in which recent Vietnamese immigrant students form cultural and gender identities as they transition to U.S. schooling. Using data from a 2-year qualitative study that tracked the social and academic adjustment processes of recent Vietnamese immigrant youth, this article examines the tensions that students struggle with as they bring their own values and practices into the school site. The findings suggest that gender functions as a complex social category for recent immigrants that shifts across social contexts. The authors argue that accounting for a full picture of gender identity more accurately captures the manner in which recent immigrant students adapt to U.S. schooling.

scholarly journals Behavioral Ecology of the Family: Harnessing Theory to Better Understand Variation in Human Families

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Paula Sheppard ◽  
Kristin Snopkowski
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Behavioral Ecology ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Selection Of

Researchers across the social sciences have long been interested in families. How people make decisions such as who to marry, when to have a baby, how big or small a family to have, or whether to stay with a partner or stray are questions that continue to interest economists, sociologists, demographers, and anthropologists. Human families vary across the globe; different cultures have different marriage practices, different ideas about who raises children, and even different notions of what a family is. Human behavioral ecology is a branch of anthropology that is particularly interested in cultural variation of family systems and how these differences impact upon the people that inhabit them; the children, parents, grandparents. It draws on evolutionary theory to direct research and generate testable hypotheses to uncover how different ecologies, including social contexts, can explain diversity in families. In this Special Issue on the behavioral ecology of the family, we have collated a selection of papers that showcase just how useful this framework is for understanding cultural variation in families, which we hope will convince other social scientists interested in family research to draw upon evolutionary and ecological insight in their own work.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pola Asuh Ibu terhadap Kecerdasan Sosial Anak Usia Dini di TK Kenanga Kabupaten Bandung Barat

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbiyah Robbiyah ◽  
Diyan Ekasari ◽  
Ramdhan Witarsa
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Early Child ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Care Pattern ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of early child social intelligence based on the dominant mother pattern in the family. This research is very important to know the social development of early childhood as a whole. Social intelligence is enough to determine the ability of early childhood to foster self-concept and control emotions in order to adjust themselves in the social environment. The development of social intelligence is also strongly influenced by the upbringing and encouragement of the mother, the extent to which the success of mother's upbringing is the extent of mother's involvement and role in the lives of her children. Each mother has her own way of helping her children grow. The formulation of the research problem is how the influence of mother care pattern toward social intelligence of early child in Kenanga Kindergarten of West Bandung Regency. The research method used is qualitative research method by using observation and interview instruments, while data analysis using data reduction phase, data model, and conclusion. The results obtained that mother care pattern to educate children in kindergarten Kenanga is democratic and permissive parenting in developing social intelligence early childhood in West Bandung Regency.

scholarly journals POLA ASUH ORANGTUA DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL ANAK (STUDI KASUS KELUARGA SARIFUDIN, JL. SUKA KARYA PERUMAHAN KARYA PESONA MANDIRI BLOK S 21 RT 01 RW 27 PANAM PEKANBARU)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
WAHYU SARI SURYANI ◽  
MAHMUD ALPUSARI ◽  
EDDY NOVIANA
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Source Data ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Using Data

The purpose of this study was to describe in-depth how parenting Sarifudin family in developing the social skills of children. In this research, the type of research used by the author is descriptive qualitative research with approach case studies. The subject of this research is the third child of father Sarifudin named Neriza Safitri. Source data are taken from parents Neriza consisting of a father and mother, a third son named Neriza Safitri and neighbors near Sarifudin family. Using data collection techniques of observation, interview, documentation, and triangulation. The data analysis technique used is the reduction of data, data presentation, and conclusion. From the results of research that has been done can be concluded that in the family Sarifudin parenting that is applied to his son was a democratic type of parenting. Democratic parenting is parenting that gives to the son demands at once responsive to the will and the will of the child. Democratic parents will be assertive, let children choose what he thought good, encouraging children to take responsibility for the choices, but still set the standards and a clear limitation on the child and always watching him. They are still engaged in intensive communication and warm as well as responsive to the needs of the child. Warm communication allows the existence of discussions. In applying the discipline of democratic parents will be sportsmanship, meaning that when children do not comply with the rules of the parents and are able to explain the reason, parents are willing to hear and understand.

scholarly journals Measuring the predictability of life outcomes with a scientific mass collaboration

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (15) ◽  
pp. 8398-8403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Salganik ◽  
Ian Lundberg ◽  
Alexander T. Kindel ◽  
Caitlin E. Ahearn ◽  
Khaled Al-Ghoneim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Mass Collaboration ◽  
Life Trajectories ◽  
Common Task ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Common ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Better Than

How predictable are life trajectories? We investigated this question with a scientific mass collaboration using the common task method; 160 teams built predictive models for six life outcomes using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study, a high-quality birth cohort study. Despite using a rich dataset and applying machine-learning methods optimized for prediction, the best predictions were not very accurate and were only slightly better than those from a simple benchmark model. Within each outcome, prediction error was strongly associated with the family being predicted and weakly associated with the technique used to generate the prediction. Overall, these results suggest practical limits to the predictability of life outcomes in some settings and illustrate the value of mass collaborations in the social sciences.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document