scholarly journals Exoproteome Perspective on the Bile Stress Response of Lactobacillus johnsonii

Proteomes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Bernadette B. Bagon ◽  
Valerie Diane V. Valeriano ◽  
Ju Kyoung Oh ◽  
Edward Alain B. Pajarillo ◽  
Ji Yoon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Phosphotransferase System ◽  
Lactobacillus Johnsonii ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Leading Role

Probiotics must not only exert a health-promoting effect but also be capable of adapting to the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Probiotics in the GI tract must survive the cell wall-disrupting effect of bile acids. We investigated the exoproteome of Lactobacillus johnsonii PF01 and C1-10 under bile stress. A comparative analysis revealed the similarities between the two L. johnsonii exoproteomes, as well as their different responses to bile. The large number of metabolic proteins in L. johnsonii revealed its metabolic adaptation to meet protein synthesis requirements under bile stress. In addition, cell wall modifications occurred in response to bile. Furthermore, some extracellular proteins of L. johnsonii may have moonlighting function in the presence of bile. Enolase, L-lactate dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, triosephosphate isomerase, 50s ribosomal protein L7/L12, and cellobiose-specific phosphotransferase system (PTS) sugar transporter were significantly upregulated under bile stress, suggesting a leading role in the collective bile stress response of L. johnsonii from its exoproteome perspective.

scholarly journals Fusarium head blight resistance in European winter wheat: insights from genome-wide transcriptome analysis

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Buerstmayr ◽  
Christian Wagner ◽  
Tetyana Nosenko ◽  
Jimmy Omony ◽  
Barbara Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
European Winter Wheat ◽  
Fhb Resistance

Abstract Background Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of wheat worldwide. Resistance to FHB is quantitatively controlled by the combined effects of many small to medium effect QTL. Flowering traits, especially the extent of extruded anthers, are strongly associated with FHB resistance. Results To characterize the genetic basis of FHB resistance, we generated and analyzed phenotypic and gene expression data on the response to Fusarium graminearum (Fg) infection in 96 European winter wheat genotypes, including several lines containing introgressions from the highly resistant Asian cultivar Sumai3. The 96 lines represented a broad range in FHB resistance and were assigned to sub-groups based on their phenotypic FHB severity score. Comparative analyses were conducted to connect sub-group-specific expression profiles in response to Fg infection with FHB resistance level. Collectively, over 12,300 wheat genes were Fusarium responsive. The core set of genes induced in response to Fg was common across different resistance groups, indicating that the activation of basal defense response mechanisms was largely independent of the resistance level of the wheat line. Fg-induced genes tended to have higher expression levels in more susceptible genotypes. Compared to the more susceptible non-Sumai3 lines, the Sumai3-derivatives demonstrated higher constitutive expression of genes associated with cell wall and plant-type secondary cell wall biogenesis and higher constitutive and Fg-induced expression of genes involved in terpene metabolism. Gene expression analysis of the FHB QTL Qfhs.ifa-5A identified a constitutively expressed gene encoding a stress response NST1-like protein (TraesCS5A01G211300LC) as a candidate gene for FHB resistance. NST1 genes are key regulators of secondary cell wall biosynthesis in anther endothecium cells. Whether the stress response NST1-like gene affects anther extrusion, thereby affecting FHB resistance, needs further investigation. Conclusion Induced and preexisting cell wall components and terpene metabolites contribute to resistance and limit fungal colonization early on. In contrast, excessive gene expression directs plant defense response towards programmed cell death which favors necrotrophic growth of the Fg pathogen and could thus lead to increased fungal colonization.

scholarly journals A novel connection between the Cell Wall Integrity and the PKA pathways regulates cell wall stress response in yeast

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl García ◽  
Enrique Bravo ◽  
Sonia Diez-Muñiz ◽  
Cesar Nombela ◽  
Jose M. Rodríguez-Peña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Cell Wall Integrity ◽  
Cell Wall Stress

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptomics indicate changes in cell wall organization and stress response in seedlings during spaceflight

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 1219-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Johnson ◽  
Aswati Subramanian ◽  
Sivakumar Pattathil ◽  
Melanie J. Correll ◽  
John Z. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Comparative Transcriptomics ◽  
Cell Wall Organization

Deletion of the Candida albicans PIR32 Results in Increased Virulence, Stress Response, and Upregulation of Cell Wall Chitin Deposition

2012 ◽  
Vol 174 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael Bahnan ◽  
Joseph Koussa ◽  
Samer Younes ◽  
Marybel Abi Rizk ◽  
Bassem Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Stress Response

scholarly journals Yeast Mycocins: a great potential for application in health

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna L Nascimento ◽  
Mateus F Delabeneta ◽  
Lana Rubia B Rosseto ◽  
Daniele S B Junges ◽  
Ana Paula Paris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Main Mechanism ◽  
Minimal Toxicity ◽  
Glucan Synthesis ◽  
Epidemiological Markers

ABSTRACT Mycocins have demonstrated inhibition of fungi, bacteria, parasites and viruses, in addition to being studied as epidemiological markers and in the development of vaccines. They are defined as extracellular proteins or glycoproteins with different activities, the main mechanism of action being the inhibition of β-glucan synthesis in the cell wall of sensitive strains. Given the resistance problems created by several microorganisms to agents commonly used in clinical practice, the discovery of new substances with this purpose becomes essential. Mycocins have potential as anti-microbials because they show minimal toxicity and do not present resistance.

scholarly journals The Role of Brachypodium distachyon Wall-Associated Kinases (WAKs) in Cell Expansion and Stress Responses

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2478
Author(s):  
Xingwen Wu ◽  
Antony Bacic ◽  
Kim L. Johnson ◽  
John Humphries
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Brachypodium Distachyon ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cell Integrity

The plant cell wall plays a critical role in signaling responses to environmental and developmental cues, acting as both the sensing interface and regulator of plant cell integrity. Wall-associated kinases (WAKs) are plant receptor-like kinases located at the wall—plasma membrane—cytoplasmic interface and implicated in cell wall integrity sensing. WAKs in Arabidopsis thaliana have been shown to bind pectins in different forms under various conditions, such as oligogalacturonides (OG)s in stress response, and native pectin during cell expansion. The mechanism(s) WAKs use for sensing in grasses, which contain relatively low amounts of pectin, remains unclear. WAK genes from the model monocot plant, Brachypodium distachyon were identified. Expression profiling during early seedling development and in response to sodium salicylate and salt treatment was undertaken to identify WAKs involved in cell expansion and response to external stimuli. The BdWAK2 gene displayed increased expression during cell expansion and stress response, in addition to playing a potential role in the hypersensitive response. In vitro binding assays with various forms of commercial polysaccharides (pectins, xylans, and mixed-linkage glucans) and wall-extracted fractions (pectic/hemicellulosic/cellulosic) from both Arabidopsis and Brachypodium leaf tissues provided new insights into the binding properties of BdWAK2 and other candidate BdWAKs in grasses. The BdWAKs displayed a specificity for the acidic pectins with similar binding characteristics to the AtWAKs.

scholarly journals The Cell Envelope Stress Response of Bacillus subtilis towards Laspartomycin C

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 729
Author(s):  
Angelika Diehl ◽  
Thomas M. Wood ◽  
Susanne Gebhard ◽  
Nathaniel I. Martin ◽  
Georg Fritz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Lipid Ii ◽  
Envelope Stress ◽  
The Impact

Cell wall antibiotics are important tools in our fight against Gram-positive pathogens, but many strains become increasingly resistant against existing drugs. Laspartomycin C is a novel antibiotic that targets undecaprenyl phosphate (UP), a key intermediate in the lipid II cycle of cell wall biosynthesis. While laspartomycin C has been thoroughly examined biochemically, detailed knowledge about potential resistance mechanisms in bacteria is lacking. Here, we use reporter strains to monitor the activity of central resistance modules in the Bacillus subtilis cell envelope stress response network during laspartomycin C attack and determine the impact on the resistance of these modules using knock-out strains. In contrast to the closely related UP-binding antibiotic friulimicin B, which only activates ECF σ factor-controlled stress response modules, we find that laspartomycin C additionally triggers activation of stress response systems reacting to membrane perturbation and blockage of other lipid II cycle intermediates. Interestingly, none of the studied resistance genes conferred any kind of protection against laspartomycin C. While this appears promising for therapeutic use of laspartomycin C, it raises concerns that existing cell envelope stress response networks may already be poised for spontaneous development of resistance during prolonged or repeated exposure to this new antibiotic.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Staphylococcus aureus GraSR Regulon Reveals Novel Links to Virulence, Stress Response and Cell Wall Signal Transduction Pathways

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. e21323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie Falord ◽  
Ulrike Mäder ◽  
Aurélia Hiron ◽  
Michel Débarbouillé ◽  
Tarek Msadek
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
Wall Signal
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