scholarly journals Functionalization of Polymers and Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications: Antimicrobial Platforms and Drug Carriers

Prosthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Delfi ◽  
Matineh Ghomi ◽  
Ali Zarrabi ◽  
Reza Mohammadinejad ◽  
Zahra Baghban Taraghdari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Functionalization Of Polymers ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Physicochemical And Biological Properties ◽  
Biomedical Fields ◽  
Selection Of

The use of polymers and nanomaterials has vastly grown for industrial and biomedical sectors during last years. Before any designation or selection of polymers and their nanocomposites, it is vital to recognize the targeted applications which require these platforms to be modified. Surface functionalization to introduce the desired type and quantity of reactive functional groups to target a cell or tissue in human body is a pivotal approach to improve the physicochemical and biological properties of these materials. Herein, advances in the functionalized polymer and nanomaterials surfaces are highlighted along with their applications in biomedical fields, e.g., antimicrobial therapy and drug delivery.

scholarly journals Promising Eco-Friendly Biomaterials for Future Biomedicine: Cleaner Production and Applications of Nanocellulose

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reshmy R ◽  
Eapen Philip ◽  
Aravind Madhavan ◽  
Arun K B ◽  
Sindhu Raveendran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Current State ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Cellulose Nanomaterials ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
Biosensor Applications ◽  
Biomedical Fields

Abstract Cellulose nanomaterials are developing nowadays as a promising environmental friendlier biomaterial that can be extracted from native plant sources. These materials, because of their excellent physico-chemical and biological properties, urged much interest in biomedical applications. In this paper a detailed review on nanocellulose is provided with special emphasis on greener production, demands, bio-properties and innovative application in some selected biomedical fields such as tissue implants, drug delivery systems, wound healing and biosensor applications. The current state of global commercial nanocellulose based product and its future potentials for biomedical applications are also discussed.

scholarly journals Post-3D printing modification for improved biomedical applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Selection Of

3D printing is a technology well-suited for biomedical applications due to its ability to create highly complex and arbitrary structures from personalized designs with fast turnaround. However, due to limited selection of 3D-printable materials, the biofunctionality of many 3D-printed components has not been paid enough attention. In this perspective, we point out that post-3D printing modification is the solution that could close the gap between 3D printing technology and requirements of biomedical applications. We identify architectural reconfiguration and surface functionalization as the two main post-3D printing modification processes and discuss potential techniques for post-3D printing modification to achieve desired biofunctionality.

Study of the physicochemical and biological properties of the new promising Ti–20Nb–13Ta–5Zr alloy for biomedical applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 123557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Konushkin ◽  
Konstantin V. Sergiyenko ◽  
Elena O. Nasakina ◽  
Vladimir G. Leontyev ◽  
Olga G. Kuznetsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Physicochemical And Biological Properties

Electrospun Nanofibers for Drug Delivery Applications

2022 ◽  
pp. 33-51
Author(s):  
Bishweshwar Pant ◽  
Mira Park
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Energy Storage Materials ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Textile Industries ◽  
Selection Of

Nanofiber systems with various composition and biological properties have been extensively studied for various biomedical applications. The electrospinning process has been regarded as one of the versatile techniques to prepare nano to microfibers. The electrospun nanofibers are being used especially in textile industries, sensors, filters, protective clothing, energy storage materials, and biomedical applications. In the last decade, electrospun nanofibers have been highly investigated for drug delivery systems to achieve a therapeutic effect in specifically targeted sites. Various drugs or biomolecules can be easily loaded into the electrospun nanofibers by direct or indirect methods. The proper selection of polymers (or blends of various polymers), drugs, solvents to prepare the composite nanofibers with desired morphology are the tools in enhancing the bioavailability, stability, and bioactivity of drugs.

scholarly journals Functionalization of polymers and nanomaterials for water treatment, food packaging, textile and biomedical applications: a review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooyan Makvandi ◽  
Sidra Iftekhar ◽  
Fabio Pizzetti ◽  
Atefeh Zarepour ◽  
Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Functionalization Of Polymers ◽  
Surface Decoration ◽  
Commercial Polymers

Abstract The inert nature of most commercial polymers and nanomaterials results in limitations of applications in various industrial fields. This can be solved by surface modifications to improve physicochemical and biological properties, such as adhesion, printability, wetting and biocompatibility. Polymer functionalization allows to graft specific moieties and conjugate molecules that improve material performances. In the last decades, several approaches have been designed in the industry and academia to graft functional groups on surfaces. Here, we review surface decoration of polymers and nanomaterials, with focus on major industrial applications in the medical field, textile industry, water treatment and food packaging. We discuss the advantages and challenges of polymer functionalization. More knowledge is needed on the biology behind cell–polymer interactions, nanosafety and manufacturing at the industrial scale.

scholarly journals Design and Assessment of Biodegradable Macroporous Cryogels as Advanced Tissue Engineering and Drug Carrying Materials

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Irina N. Savina ◽  
Mohamed Zoughaib ◽  
Abdulla A. Yergeshov
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Gelation Process ◽  
Biological Environment ◽  
Advanced Biomaterials ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interconnected Pores ◽  
Selection Of

Cryogels obtained by the cryotropic gelation process are macroporous hydrogels with a well-developed system of interconnected pores and shape memory. There have been significant recent advancements in our understanding of the cryotropic gelation process, and in the relationship between components, their structure and the application of the cryogels obtained. As cryogels are one of the most promising hydrogel-based biomaterials, and this field has been advancing rapidly, this review focuses on the design of biodegradable cryogels as advanced biomaterials for drug delivery and tissue engineering. The selection of a biodegradable polymer is key to the development of modern biomaterials that mimic the biological environment and the properties of artificial tissue, and are at the same time capable of being safely degraded/metabolized without any side effects. The range of biodegradable polymers utilized for cryogel formation is overviewed, including biopolymers, synthetic polymers, polymer blends, and composites. The paper discusses a cryotropic gelation method as a tool for synthesis of hydrogel materials with large, interconnected pores and mechanical, physical, chemical and biological properties, adapted for targeted biomedical applications. The effect of the composition, cross-linker, freezing conditions, and the nature of the polymer on the morphology, mechanical properties and biodegradation of cryogels is discussed. The biodegradation of cryogels and its dependence on their production and composition is overviewed. Selected representative biomedical applications demonstrate how cryogel-based materials have been used in drug delivery, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, cancer research, and sensing.

Combination of ribosome and phage display for fast selection of high affinity VHH antibody fragments

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
YuE Kravchenko ◽  
SV Ivanov ◽  
DS Kravchenko ◽  
EI Frolova ◽  
SP Chumakov
Keyword(s):  
Phage Display ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Free System ◽  
Phage Displays ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Binding Domains ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Vhh Antibodies ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of antibodies using phage display involves the preliminary cloning of the repertoire of sequences encoding antigen-binding domains into phagemid, which is considered the bottleneck of the method, limiting the resulting diversity of libraries and leading to the loss of poorly represented variants before the start of the selection procedure. Selection in cell-free conditions using a ribosomal display is devoid from this drawback, however is highly sensitive to PCR artifacts and the RNase contamination. The aim of the study was to test the efficiency of a combination of both methods, including pre-selection in a cell-free system to enrich the source library, followed by cloning and final selection using phage display. This approach may eliminate the shortcomings of each method and increase the efficiency of selection. For selection, alpaca VHH antibody sequences suitable for building an immune library were used due to the lack of VL domains. Analysis of immune libraries from the genes of the VH3, VHH3 and VH4 families showed that the VHH antibodies share in the VH3 and VH4 gene groups is insignificant, and selection from the combined library is less effective than from the VHH3 family of sequences. We found that the combination of ribosomal and phage displays leads to a higher enrichment of high-affinity fragments and avoids the loss of the original diversity during cloning. The combined method allowed us to obtain a greater number of different high-affinity sequences, and all the tested VHH fragments were able to specifically recognize the target, including the total protein extracts of cell cultures.

Graphene and Graphene-Based Materials in Biomedical Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (38) ◽  
pp. 6834-6850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Omaish Ansari ◽  
Kalamegam Gauthaman ◽  
Abdurahman Essa ◽  
Sidi A. Bencherif ◽  
Adnan Memic
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Drug And Gene Delivery ◽  
Biomedical Fields

: Nanobiotechnology has huge potential in the field of regenerative medicine. One of the main drivers has been the development of novel nanomaterials. One developing class of materials is graphene and its derivatives recognized for their novel properties present on the nanoscale. In particular, graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials have been shown to have excellent electrical, mechanical, optical and thermal properties. Due to these unique properties coupled with the ability to tune their biocompatibility, these nanomaterials have been propelled for various applications. Most recently, these two-dimensional nanomaterials have been widely recognized for their utility in biomedical research. In this review, a brief overview of the strategies to synthesize graphene and its derivatives are discussed. Next, the biocompatibility profile of these nanomaterials as a precursor to their biomedical application is reviewed. Finally, recent applications of graphene-based nanomaterials in various biomedical fields including tissue engineering, drug and gene delivery, biosensing and bioimaging as well as other biorelated studies are highlighted.

scholarly journals Graphene Integrated Hydrogels Based Biomaterials in Photothermal Biomedicine

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 906
Author(s):  
Le Minh Tu Phan ◽  
Thuy Anh Thu Vo ◽  
Thi Xoan Hoang ◽  
Sungbo Cho
Keyword(s):  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
High Light ◽  
Conversion Materials ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Good Biocompatibility ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Hydrogel Composites ◽  
Material Fabrication ◽  
Biomedical Fields

Recently, photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as one of the most promising biomedical strategies for different areas in the biomedical field owing to its superior advantages, such as being noninvasive, target-specific and having fewer side effects. Graphene-based hydrogels (GGels), which have excellent mechanical and optical properties, high light-to-heat conversion efficiency and good biocompatibility, have been intensively exploited as potential photothermal conversion materials. This comprehensive review summarizes the current development of graphene-integrated hydrogel composites and their application in photothermal biomedicine. The latest advances in the synthesis strategies, unique properties and potential applications of photothermal-responsive GGel nanocomposites in biomedical fields are introduced in detail. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the current progress in GGel material fabrication, photothermal properties and potential PTT-based biomedical applications, thereby aiding in more research efforts to facilitate the further advancement of photothermal biomedicine.

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