scholarly journals A New Semi-Quantitative Process Safety Assessment Method and Its Application for Fluorochemical Industry

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1695
Author(s):  
Guangpei Cong ◽  
Duhui Lu ◽  
Mei Liu ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Wei Yu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Main Line ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Risk Processes

Traditional hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP) is one of the most widely applied methods for process safety management in process enterprises. Due to its principles based on the conservative and qualitative judgment, it often leads to too conservative risk identification results for the fluorine chemical industry usually with high-risk processes to keep the continuity of production. Most of improved quantitative and semi-quantitative methods are based on the layer of protection analysis (LOPA) to resolve the over-conservative problem of traditional HAZOP with the database of LOPA. However, the improved model, taking LOPA as the main line and HAZOP only as the provider of scenarios and influencing factors, is limited to the fact that LOPA can only analyze complete and independent protection layers (IPLs). Therefore, in order to realize the quantitative or semi-quantitative analysis of disaster causes and consequences, a new semi-quantitative HAZOP method takes HAZOP as the main line to integrate LOPA, F&EI (fire and explosion index) for quantitatively calculating the reduction factors, probability on failure demand (PFD) of general protection layers (GPLs) and PFD of IPLs. With the case comparison of fluorine chemical industry, it is proved that this new method can effectively improve the problem that traditional HAZOP are too conservative in complex scenarios.

The Importance of Inherently Safer Processes to Site Security

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamelyn G. Lindsey ◽  
Dennis C. Hendershot
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Aqueous Ammonia ◽  
Methyl Isocyanate ◽  
Inherent Safety ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
In Situ Generation ◽  
Terrorist Events

Inherently safer processes (ISP) have become increasingly more important in recent years, specifically since the terrorist events of September 2001. New emphasis on site security and vulnerability has made it imperative for the chemical industry to view new and existing processes in a creative way. The tools available in designing an inherently safer process will allow industry to make these changes. “We ought, when possible, to be removing hazards rather than controlling them” (Kletz [1]). The concepts of inherent safety will be reviewed with specific examples with site security implications. For example the in-situ intermediate generation of methyl isocyanate (MIC) is a striking example of the concept of minimization and is of particular interest, since after the Bhopal incident, large quantities of MIC would be a target for terrorism. Other examples such as in-situ generation of phosgene use of aqueous ammonia instead of anhydrous, and elimination of chlorine cylinders in water treatment will be discussed with site security implications. The concepts used to create these inherently safer designs can then be integrated into existing process safety management programs to improve the overall safety of the chemical industry.

Occupational Risk Assessment in Engineering Spaces at the Microelectronics Enterprise

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
V.I. Karakeyan ◽  
◽  
N.R. Kharlamov ◽  
A.S. Ryabyshenkov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

In the modern system of process safety management, the procedure for occupational risk assessment and management as a probability of causing damage to health in the performance of work duties has become mandatory for microelectronics enterprises. This procedure involves the use of systematic methods for risk identification, monitoring and analysis, obtained results recording and interpretation, and the necessary reporting preparation. This paper analyzes the risks in the main structural divisions of the microelectronics enterprise and suggests corrective organizational measures to minimize the likelihood of a dangerous event and subsequent damage. The procedure was carried out using the Fine – Kinney method, the most informative approach to risk assessment, taking into account the severity of the incident and its economic consequences for the enterprise. It has been established that the sources of significant risk are typically related to space planning flaws, failure to meet the time limit for X-ray equipment work licensing, absence of draw ventilation, and outmoded system of used lapping slurry collection. These shortcomings elimination opens up the opportunities for occupational hazard class lowering and downward revision in tariffs.

Integrating Performance Indicator Into the Audit Process Safety Management System

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
C. R. Che Hassan ◽  
M. J. Pitt ◽  
A. J. Wilday
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Management System ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Audit Process ◽  
Safety Management System ◽  
Audit System ◽  
Similar Elements

The development of the audit method has included the identification of possible performance indicators at each level of the sociotechnical pyramid for a range of areas of work in which accidents have been shown to occur most frequently. The measurementof performance indicators is part of a feedback loop which causes safety improvements. Integration of performance indicators into the audit system has been tested at three operating chemical industries in Terengganu and Selangor in Malaysia. A summary of the weaknesses of the similar elements identified in the three audited plants is presented. Analysis on the approach used enables the identification of deficiencies in safety management aspects. Keywords: Accidents, audit, deficiencies, performance indicators, safety management, and sociotechnical pyramid.

Quantitative Methods for Measuring Neighborhood Characteristics in Neighborhood Health Research

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin T. Duncan ◽  
William C. Goedel ◽  
Rumi Chunara
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristics ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Neighborhood Characteristic ◽  
Social Observation ◽  
Gis Methods ◽  
Information Retrieval Methods ◽  
Online Sources

Research connecting neighborhoods and health has characterized neighborhood factors in multiple ways. This chapter discusses standard and emerging methods to measure and study neighborhood characteristics. In particular, this chapter provides an overview of neighborhood characteristic assessment methods, including self-report, systematic social observation, geographic information system (GIS) methods, Web-based geospatial methods, real-time geospatial methods, crowd-sourced geospatial methods, and information retrieval methods from online sources such as Instagram and Twitter. This chapter also discusses the strengths and limitations of each neighborhood characteristic assessment method (e.g., ease of administration, validity), and readers are provided with examples of each neighborhood assessment method applied in the epidemiology and population health literature.

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