scholarly journals Continuous Cooling Crystallization in a Coiled Flow Inverter Crystallizer Technology—Design, Characterization, and Hurdles

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1537
Author(s):  
Mira Schmalenberg ◽  
Stephanie Kreis ◽  
Lena K. Weick ◽  
Christian Haas ◽  
Fabian Sallamon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Modular System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Seed Crystals

Continuous small-scale production is currently of utmost interest for fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. For this purpose, equipment and process concepts in consideration of the hurdles for solids handling are required to transfer conventional batch processing to continuous operation. Based on empirical equations, pressure loss constraints, and an expandable modular system, a coiled flow inverter (CFI) crystallizer with an inner diameter of 1.6 mm was designed. It was characterized concerning its residence time behavior, tested for operation with seed crystals or an ultrasonic seed crystal unit, and evaluated for different purging mechanisms for stable operation. The residence time behavior in the CFI corresponds to ideal plug flow behavior. Crystal growth using seed crystals was demonstrated in the CFI for two amino acids. For fewer seed crystals, higher crystal growth rates were determined, while at the same time, secondary nucleation was observed. Feasibility for the interconnection of a sonicated seeding crystal unit could be shown. However, the hurdles are also identified and discussed. Prophylactic flushing combined with a photosensor for distinguishing between solvent and suspension phase can lead to stable and resource-efficient operation. The small-scale CFI technology was investigated in detail, and the limits and opportunities of the technology are presented here.

scholarly journals Continuous Crystallization in a Helically Coiled Flow Tube: Analysis of Flow Field, Residence Time Behavior, and Crystal Growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 3699-3712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoria Wiedmeyer ◽  
Felix Anker ◽  
Clemens Bartsch ◽  
Andreas Voigt ◽  
Volker John ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Flow Tube ◽  
Continuous Crystallization

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF CA DONG PEOPLE IN RESETTLEMENT AREA OF TRANH RIVER HYDROPOWER NUMBER 2: CURRENT SITUATION AND IMPACT FACTORS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bùi Thị Bích Lan
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Technical Application ◽  
Production Models ◽  
Role Of The State

In Vietnam, the construction of hydropower projects has contributed significantly in the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country. The place where hydropower projects are built is mostly inhabited by ethnic minorities - communities that rely primarily on land, a very important source of livelihood security. In the context of the lack of common productive land in resettlement areas, the orientation for agricultural production is to promote indigenous knowledge combined with increasing scientific and technical application; shifting from small-scale production practices to large-scale commodity production. However, the research results of this article show that many obstacles in the transition process are being posed such as limitations on natural resources, traditional production thinking or the suitability and effectiveness of scientific - technical application models. When agricultural production does not ensure food security, a number of implications for people’s lives are increasingly evident, such as poverty, preserving cultural identity, social relations and resource protection. Since then, it has set the role of the State in researching and building appropriate agricultural production models to exploit local strengths and ensure sustainability.

Study of Diabetic Mellitus and Knowledge of Lotion Foot Care on the Community

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hariyadi DM ◽  
Athiyah U ◽  
Hendradi E ◽  
Rosita N ◽  
Erawati T ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
T Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of

The prevention of Diabetic Mellitus (DM) and its complications is the main aim of this study, in addition to the training of lotion foot care application and the development of small scale industry. The research team delivered knowledge in the form of training on Diabetic Mellitus, healthy food, treatment and prevention of complications, and small-scale production of cosmetic products. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between training on diabetic and lotion foot care application as preventive measures against diabetic complications on the patient's blood glucose levels in the community of residents in Banyuurip Jaya, Surabaya. It was expected from this training that the knowledge of the residents increases and people living with diabetic undergo lifestyle changes and therefore blood sugar levels can be controlled. The parameters measured in this research were blood glucose levels, the anti diabetic drug types consumed, and compliance on diabetics. This study used the data taken from 60 patients with DM over a period of one month. Questionnaires and log books was used to retrieve data and changes in blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. The results showed the demographic data of patients with type 2 diabetic of 85% female and 15% male, with the range of patients aged of 61-70 years of 46.67% and had history of diabetic (90%). The history of drugs consumed by respondents was anti diabetic drugs such as metformin (40%), glimepiride (33.37%) and insulin (6.67%). In addition, the increased knowledge of DM patients after being given the training compared to before training was shown in several questions in the questionnaire. A statistical analysis using t-test analyzed a correlation between training provided in order to enhance understanding of the patient, as well as correlation with blood glucose levels. A paired T-test showed that there was a relationship between the knowledge of trainees before and after training (p less than 0.05). An interesting result was that there was no relationship between blood glucose levels before and after training provided (p> 0.05).

scholarly journals Technical basis for the small-scale production of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L. 1758), meal as fish feed in Benin

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 100153
Author(s):  
Armel Gougbedji ◽  
Pamphile Agbohessou ◽  
Philippe A. Lalèyè ◽  
Frédéric Francis ◽  
Rudy Caparros Megido
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Technical Basis

Coal-Conveying Control System for the Pressure of Coal Waste Heat Power Generation Based on PLC

2013 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 681-685
Author(s):  
Li Jun Zhao ◽  
Ying Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Computer Control ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
One Year

This paper constructs a coal-conveying control system based on programmable logic controller (PLC), which is applied to the residual heat and pressure integrated energy-saving technological transformation projects, and realizes the performance of security, reliable and efficient operation. This control system consists of the PLC control system, computer control system and industrial television monitoring system. After more than one year of actual operation shows that the system structure is reasonable, reliable operation, at the same time, reduce labor intensity, improve the utilization rate of equipment, the stable operation also provides a practical reference for other similar projects.

Environmental assessment of small-scale production of wood chips as a fuel for residential heating boilers

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 106-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernat Esteban ◽  
Jordi-Roger Riba ◽  
Grau Baquero ◽  
Rita Puig ◽  
Antoni Rius
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Residential Heating

scholarly journals Fabrication Techniques for Graphene Oxide-Based Molecular Separation Membranes: Towards Industrial Application

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Ohchan Kwon ◽  
Yunkyu Choi ◽  
Eunji Choi ◽  
Minsu Kim ◽  
Yun Chul Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spray Coating ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Separation Membranes ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Slot Die ◽  
Continuous Fabrication

Graphene oxide (GO) has been a prized material for fabricating separation membranes due to its immense potential and unique chemistry. Despite the academic focus on GO, the adoption of GO membranes in industry remains elusive. One of the challenges at hand for commercializing GO membranes lies with large-scale production techniques. Fortunately, emerging studies have acknowledged this issue, where many have aimed to deliver insights into scalable approaches showing potential to be employed in the commercial domain. The current review highlights eight physical methods for GO membrane fabrication. Based on batch-unit or continuous fabrication, we have further classified the techniques into five small-scale (vacuum filtration, pressure-assisted filtration, spin coating, dip coating, drop-casting) and three large-scale (spray coating, bar/doctor blade coating, slot die coating) approaches. The continuous nature of the large-scale approach implies that the GO membranes prepared by this method are less restricted by the equipment’s dimensions but rather the availability of the material, whereas membranes yielded by small-scale methods are predominately limited by the size of the fabrication device. The current review aims to serve as an initial reference to provide a technical overview of preparing GO membranes. We further aim to shift the focus of the audience towards scalable processes and their prospect, which will facilitate the commercialization of GO membranes.

A METHOD FOR PREPARING 4,4'-DIAMINODIPHENYL ETHER AND 4,4'-DIAMINODIPHENYL ETHER OF RESORCINOL IN THE CONDITIONS OF SMALL-SCALE PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-27
Author(s):  
Galina Mikhailovna Komissarova ◽  
Eduard Leonidovich Belyaev ◽  
Mikhail Kirillovich Smirnov ◽  
Lyudmila Alekseevna Sokhadze ◽  
Vitaliy Valer'yevich Turygin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document