scholarly journals On-site Investigation of Airborne Bacteria and Fungi According to Type of Poultry Houses in South Korea

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1534
Author(s):  
Sang-Joon Lee ◽  
Ki-Youn Kim
Keyword(s):  
Emission Rate ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Airborne Bacteria ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Airborne Microorganisms ◽  
Indoor Exposure ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Broiler House

A field survey was conducted to quantify indoor exposure levels and emission rates of airborne microorganisms generated from domestic poultry buildings. There were three types of poultry buildings (caged layer house, broiler house, and layer house with manure belt), classified by the mode of manure treatment and ventilation, investigated in this study. Nine sites for each poultry building were selected and visited for measuring the exposure level and emission rate of airborne microorganisms. The total number of airborne bacteria and fungi among the airborne microorganisms were analysed based on the incubation method. Their emission rates were estimated by dividing the emission amount, which was calculated through multiplying indoor concentration (cfu/m3) by ventilation rate (m3/h), into the indoor area(m2) and the number of poultries reared in the poultry building. The mean exposure levels of the total airborne bacteria and fungi in the poultry building were 7.92 (SD:2.66) log (cfu m-3) and 4.92 (SD:1.79) log (cfu m-3), respectively. Emission rates of airborne microorganisms in poultry buildings were estimated to be 0.263 (±0.088) log (cfu hen-1h-1) and 0.839 (±0.371) log (cfu m-2h-1) for total airborne bacteria, and 0.066 (±0.031) log (cfu hen-1h-1) and 0.617 (±0.235) log (cfu m-2h-1) for total airborne fungi. The distribution patterns of the total airborne bacteria and fungi were similar regardless of poultry building type. Among poultry buildings, the broiler house showed the highest exposure level and emission rate of total airborne bacteria and fungi, followed by the layer house with manure belt and the caged layer house (p<0.05). The finding that the broiler house showed the highest exposure level and emission rate of airborne microorganisms could be attributed to sawdust, which can be dispersed into the air by the movement of the poultry when it is utilized as bedding material. Thus, a work environmental management solution for optimally reducing airborne microorganism exposure is necessary for the broiler house.

Exposure level and emission characteristics of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide in poultry buildings of South Korea

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1168-1176
Author(s):  
Ki Y. Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Building Area ◽  
Broiler House

The purpose of this study is to estimate the concentrations and emission rates of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide released from poultry buildings situated in South Korea by field investigation. Mean concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide emitted from poultry buildings were 18.8 (±4.90) ppm and 945 (±519) ppb for caged layer house, 15.2 (±3.21) ppm and 603 (±274) ppb for broiler house, and 6.45 (±1.85) ppm and 247 (±184) ppb for layer house with manure belt, respectively. Seasonal variations in concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide in poultry building were observed highest in winter, lowest in summer (p < 0.01). Based on animal unit (AU), mean emission rates of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide were 4493 (±2095) mg AU−1 h−1 and 4493 (±2095) mg AU−1 h−1, respectively. Those of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide in terms of poultry building area were 278 (±130) mg m−2 h−1 and 12.3 (±9.20) mg m−2 h−1, respectively. Exposure level and emission rate of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide were highest in caged layer house, followed by broiler house and layer house with manure belt (p < 0.05). This finding implicates that the caged layer house among types of poultry building in South Korea should be managed optimally to lessen generation of ammonia and hydrogen sulphide.

Indoor exposure levels of bacteria and fungi in residences, schools, and offices in China: A systematic review

Indoor Air ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1147-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangqi Guo ◽  
Hua Qian ◽  
Dongliang Zhao ◽  
Jin Ye ◽  
Yinping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Indoor Exposure ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Exposure level and distribution of airborne bacteria and fungi in an urban utility tunnel: A case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 103215
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Dingmeng Wu ◽  
Qiangqiang Kong ◽  
Angui Li ◽  
Yuefei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Bacteria ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Utility Tunnel ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Indoor exposure to airborne bacteria and fungi in sensitive wards of an academic pediatric hospital

Aerobiologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Hamed Mirhoseini ◽  
Mojtaba Didehdar ◽  
Majid Akbari ◽  
Rahmatollah Moradzadeh ◽  
Reza Jamshidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Bacteria ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Indoor Exposure ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

scholarly journals Size‐resolved emission rates of airborne bacteria and fungi in an occupied classroom

Indoor Air ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Qian ◽  
D. Hospodsky ◽  
N. Yamamoto ◽  
W. W. Nazaroff ◽  
J. Peccia
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Bacteria ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

scholarly journals Asbestos Exposure Level and the Carcinogenic Risk Due to Corrugated Asbestos-Cement Slate Roofs in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6925
Author(s):  
Eun-Soo Lee ◽  
Young-Ki Kim
Keyword(s):  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Indoor Exposure ◽  
Asbestos Cement ◽  
Environmental Causes

Asbestos-cement slate roofs are one of the most common environmental causes of asbestos exposure. However, few studies have examined residential asbestos-cement slate-related exposure and its effects on human health. This study was performed to evaluate cumulative asbestos exposure levels and to calculate the Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR) of residents of asbestos-cement slate-roofed houses. We reviewed previous Korean literature to estimate the concentration of airborne asbestos from asbestos-cement slate roofed buildings. Finally, eight studies were selected, and a pooled analysis was performed. The results derived from the pooled analysis were combined with the data from a health impact survey conducted from 2009 to 2016 at the Environmental Health Center for Asbestos (EHCA) of the Yangsan Pusan National University Hospital, and a carcinogenic risk assessment was performed. As a result, the representative value of the indoor exposure concentration related to asbestos-cement slate was found to be 0.0032 f/cc on average, and the representative value of the exposure related to occupational asbestos-cement slate dismantling and demolition was found to be 0.0034 f/cc. In addition, the ELCR of asbestos-cement slate related indoor exposure and occupational dismantling and demolition was found to be of medium risk, and the ELCR of residential dismantling and demolition of asbestos-cement slate was less than 10−6, indicating that the risk was low. Since there is no threshold for carcinogenicity related to asbestos, this should not be ignored even if the risk appears low, and it would be reasonable to calculate the carcinogenic risk based on total lifetime exposure. More studies on asbestos exposure scenarios and the scope of similar exposure groups through additional data collection and further analysis of risk are needed.

scholarly journals Two Independent Light Dilution Corrections for the SO2 Camera Retrieve Comparable Emission Rates at Masaya Volcano, Nicaragua

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Matthew Varnam ◽  
Mike Burton ◽  
Ben Esse ◽  
Giuseppe Salerno ◽  
Ryunosuke Kazahaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Optical Depth ◽  
Camera Calibration ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Depth Images ◽  
Masaya Volcano ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Volcanic Emission

SO2 cameras are able to measure rapid changes in volcanic emission rate but require accurate calibrations and corrections to convert optical depth images into slant column densities. We conducted a test at Masaya volcano of two SO2 camera calibration approaches, calibration cells and co-located spectrometer, and corrected both calibrations for light dilution, a process caused by light scattering between the plume and camera. We demonstrate an advancement on the image-based correction that allows the retrieval of the scattering efficiency across a 2D area of an SO2 camera image. When appropriately corrected for the dilution, we show that our two calibration approaches produce final calculated emission rates that agree with simultaneously measured traverse flux data and each other but highlight that the observed distribution of gas within the image is different. We demonstrate that traverses and SO2 camera techniques, when used together, generate better plume speed estimates for traverses and improved knowledge of wind direction for the camera, producing more reliable emission rates. We suggest combining traverses and the SO2 camera should be adopted where possible.

Assessment of the indoor air quality based on airborne bacteria and fungi measurements in a public school of Istanbul

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuket Sivri ◽  
Ahmet Ozgur Dogru ◽  
Arzu Funda Bagcigil ◽  
Kemal Metiner ◽  
Dursun Zafer Seker
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Public School ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Airborne Bacteria ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi
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