scholarly journals Operation Strategy for Electric Vehicle Battery Swap Station Cluster Participating in Frequency Regulation Service

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Senjing Yao ◽  
Xiankai Zeng ◽  
Ping Yang ◽  
Zhuoli Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Frequency Regulation ◽  
Operation Strategy ◽  
Optimal Operating ◽  
Battery Charging ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Electric Vehicle Battery ◽  
Station Cluster

Idle batteries in the battery swap stations (BSSs) of electric vehicles (EVs) can be used as regulated power sources. Considering the battery swap service and the frequency regulation (FR) service, this paper establishes a model of BSS cluster participating in the FR service and formulates a two-stage operation strategy. The day-ahead strategy arranges the battery charging plan and FR plan with the goal of the optimal operating economy on the next day. The intra-day strategy aims at maximizing the satisfaction degree of battery swap, minimizing the loss of planned revenue and ensuring the coordination of battery swap service and FR service by regulating the charging and discharging status of each battery in real-time. The simulation case shows that, under the prerequisite of gratifying the battery swap demand, the strategy improves the operating economy by making full use of idle batteries which bear a part in the FR service.

Analysis of Electric Vehicle Battery Charging and Discharging

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 1879-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Ci Tang ◽  
Chun Lin Guo ◽  
Dong Ming Jia
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Battery Charging ◽  
Electric Vehicle Battery ◽  
Working Principle

The more popular of electric vehicles is, the higher the load capacity of the battery is in the power system, therefore, the charging and discharging technology is particularly important. This paper introduces several electric vehicle battery charging methods commonly used at present, describes working principle of the bidirectional DC/DC converter in detail in the battery charging and discharging process, and the bidirectional DC/DC charging and discharging control strategy. Finally, the electric vehicle battery charging and discharging simulation model is built, the validity of the electric vehicle battery charging and discharging model is verified based on control strategies mentioned herein by use of simulation.

Multirate Integration in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Virtual Proving Grounds

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Solis ◽  
Chris Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Differential Algebraic Equations ◽  
Vehicle Systems ◽  
Hybrid Electric

Abstract In recent years technology development for the design of electric and hybrid-electric vehicle systems has reached a peak, due to ever increasing restrictions on fuel economy and reduced vehicle emissions. An international race among car manufacturers to bring production hybrid-electric vehicles to market has generated a great deal of interest in the scientific community. The design of these systems requires development of new simulation and optimization tools. In this paper, a description of a real-time numerical environment for Virtual Proving Grounds studies for hybrid-electric vehicles is presented. Within this environment, vehicle models are developed using a recursive multibody dynamics formulation that results in a set of Differential-Algebraic Equations (DAE), and vehicle subsystem models are created using Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE). Based on engineering knowledge of vehicle systems, two time scales are identified. The first time scale, referred to as slow time scale, contains generalized coordinates describing the mechanical vehicle system that includs the chassis, steering rack, and suspension assemblies. The second time scale, referred to as fast time scale, contains the hybrid-electric powertrain components and vehicle tires. Multirate techniques to integrate the combined set of DAE and ODE in two time scales are used to obtain computational gains that will allow solution of the system’s governing equations for state derivatives, and efficient numerical integration in real time.

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