scholarly journals Supercritical Assisted Production of Lutein-Loaded Liposomes and Modelling of Drug Release

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1162
Author(s):  
Paolo Trucillo ◽  
Mathieu Martino ◽  
Ernesto Reverchon
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Weibull Model ◽  
Lipid Ratio ◽  
Process Effects ◽  
Ophthalmic Drug ◽  
Lutein Content ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, a lipophilic ophthalmic drug, lutein, has been entrapped in liposomes, using a supercritical assisted process. Effects of pressure, temperature, and drug to lipid ratio variation were studied on mean diameters and lutein encapsulation efficiency. Liposomes with diameters between 153 ± 38 and 267 ± 56 nm were produced, and lutein encapsulation efficiencies between 86.5 ± 0.4% and 97.8 ± 1.2% were obtained. A Scanning Electron Microscope confirmed spherical shape and mean dimensions of vesicles. The variation of temperature for the production of liposomes showed a significant impact on lutein retention time in the double lipidic layer. Lutein drug release from liposomes produced at 35 °C ended in almost 4.5 days; whereas, liposomes produced at 40 °C showed a faster lutein release in 3 days; then, vesicles obtained at 45 °C released their lutein content in only 2 days. Drug release raw data were well-fitted using Weibull model (R2 up to 99%).

Development of Nateglinide Loaded Graphene Oxide-Chitosan Nanocomposites: Optimization by Box Behnken Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-153
Author(s):  
Rutuja V. Deshmukh ◽  
Pavan Paraskar ◽  
S. Mishra ◽  
Jitendra Naik
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
X Ray

Background: Nateglinide is an antidiabetic drug having biological half-life 1.5 h which shows a concise effect. Graphene oxide along with chitosan can be used as a nanocarrier for sustained release of Nateglinide. Objective: To develop Nateglinide loaded graphene oxide-chitosan nanocomposites and to evaluate for different characterization studies. Methods: Graphene Oxide (GO) was synthesized by improved hummer’s method and drug-loaded Graphene oxide - chitosan nanocomposites were prepared. Box Behnken design was used to carry out experiments. The nanocomposites were characterized for encapsulation efficiency and drug release. Morphology was studied using field emission scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. An interaction between drug, polymer and GO was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer along with in vitro drug release study. Results: The statistical evaluation of the design showed linear and quadratic models which are significant models for encapsulation efficiency (R1 0.6883, 0.9473) and drug loading (R2 0.6785, 0.9336), respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the compatibility of GO, Chitosan and Nateglinide. X-ray diffractometer reveals the change in degree of crystallinity of drug. FE-SEM and TEM images confirmed the distribution of the drug within the nanocomposites. Design expert reveals that the concentration of GO has great influence on encapsulation efficiency. In Vitro drug release showed the sustained release of drug over the period of 12 h. Conclusion: GO-Chitosan nanocomposites can be used as a sustained release carrier system for Nateglinide to reduce dose frequency of drug as well as its probable side effects.

scholarly journals ELECTROSPUN CHITOSAN/PVA NANOFIBERS FOR DRUG DELIVERY

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (4B) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doan Van Hong Thien
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Release Profile ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Scanning Electron

Electrospinning technique is a versatile method to fabricate continuous fibers with diameters ranging from a few micrometers to a few nanometers. In this study, chitosan/ poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofibers were fabricated by an electrospinning method. The effects of chitosan molecular weights and ratio of chitosan/PVA were studied. The characteristics and surface morphologies of nanofibers were observed by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The diameters of nanofibers were in the range of 100 nm to 250 nm. The chitosan/PVA nanofibers with different molecular weights were applied for curcumin delivery. Curcumin was loaded in the chitosan/PVA nanofibers. Then, release profile of curcumin was investigated. In the results, the encapsulation efficiency and the release rate demonstrate that chitosan/PVA nanofibers would be potential carriers for curcumin and promise to create a prospective drug delivery in the field of medicine.

scholarly journals Swelling Behavior and Drug Release of Interpenetrating Network Composed of PVA and Chitosan

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Fathel S. Matty ◽  
Zainab M. MohiALDeen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Biocompatible Polymers ◽  
Interpenetrating Network ◽  
Morphology And Structure ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Scanning Electron

     PVA and chitosan biodegradable, non-toxic, biocompatible polymers convenient for use in drug release. In this study polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) hydrogels crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) with different ratio morphology and structure characterization interpenetrating polymer network (IPN).They were investigated by Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV-Visible spectrophotometer,swelling of hydrogel and drug release were studied by changing crosslinking ratio and PH.  

scholarly journals Microencapsulation of Citronella Oil with Carboxymethylated Tamarind Gum

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 515-527
Author(s):  
Keonakhone KHOUNVILAY ◽  
Berta Nogueiro ESTEVINHO ◽  
Fernando Alberto ROCHA ◽  
José María OLIVEIRA ◽  
António VICENTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Emulsion Droplet ◽  
Citronella Oil ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Scanning Electron

Tamarind gum (TG) and carboxymethylated tamarind gum (CTG) were used as wall material to prepare citronella oil microcapsules by spray-drying. The aim of this work was to study the effect of wall-to-core ratio and fluid viscosity on emulsion droplet and microcapsule size, in order to maximize encapsulation efficiency (EE). EE was directly influenced by gum-to-oil ratio variations. Results showed that emulsion droplet size (D32) of CTG ranged between 0.18 to1.31 mm, smaller than those obtained for TG, which ranged from 0.87 to 2.91 mm. CTG microcapsules had a smooth surface and a spherical shape, as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Surface oil content and total oil content affected encapsulation efficiency. TG microcapsules showed lower EE than CTG microcapsules, which was related to the viscosity of gum to oil ratio. The maximum EE occurred at 1.14 gum to oil ratio for CTG microcapsules (87 %).

scholarly journals Sodium Tri Poly Phosphate Mediated Synthesis of Curcumin Loaded Chitosan-Carboxymethyl Cellulose Microparticles for Drug Delivery

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony V. Samrot ◽  
SenthilKumar P. ◽  
Shashi Bhushan ◽  
Rishi Kurup ◽  
Ujjala Burman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Drug Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, curcumin (CUR) was encapsulated into chitosan (CS) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) microparticles using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as chelator. Here, different concentrations (0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%) of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) were utilised to synthesise microparticles. Microparticles were characterized by Fourier Transform Infra-Red Microscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). All the CUR encapsulated microparticles were analysed for their drug encapsulation efficiency and the drug release kinetics. Microparticles were studied for the invitro controlled drug release against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Study of the properties of metal powder received by plasma

2019 ◽  
Vol 298 ◽  
pp. 00050
Author(s):  
Azat Gabdrakhmanov ◽  
Lenar Shafigullin ◽  
Tansylu Gabdrakhmanova ◽  
Azat Galiakbarov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Ceramic Powders ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Energy Dispersive Microanalysis ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
Production Company ◽  
Regular Spherical Shape ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, a new method for producing metal and ceramic powders by plasma spraying of rod blanks is proposed. A distinctive feature of this method is the use of a direct-acting plasmatron, where a bar-stock acts as one of the electrodes, and the cooling of the molten particles occurs place with a water screen. The water screen is not only in the lower part of the installation, but also it flows evenly from the walls, which gives a more efficient cooling of all molten particles, forming a regular spherical shape, and plasma flow. Water constantly circulates in a closed circuit, the heat is removed in a heat exchanger. Studies of powders were performed on scanning electron microscope “VEGA 3 LMH” produced by the company TESCAN, the Czech Republic, with the help of x-ray energy dispersive microanalysis AZtecEnergy Advanced busatti detector X-max 20 Standart, production company Oхford Instruments. The microhardness of the particles was measured according to GOST R ISO 6507-1-2007 on a MicroMet 5104 microhardness meter, with a load of 100 gs.

Ionically cross-linked chitosan–halloysite composite microparticles for sustained drug release

Clay Minerals ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojan Čalija ◽  
Jela Milić ◽  
Jelena Janićijević ◽  
Aleksandra Daković ◽  
Danina Krajišnik
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Composite Particles ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Model Drug ◽  
Dta And Tg

AbstractThis study investigated the potential of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) to improve the sustained release properties of chitosan (CS) microparticles cross-linked ionically with tripolyphosphate (TPP). Composite CS-HNTs microparticles were obtained by a simple and eco-friendly procedure based on a coaxial extrusion technique. Prior to encapsulation, a water-soluble model drug, verapamil hydrochloride (VH), was adsorbed successfully on HNTs. The microparticles were characterized by optical microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis/ thermogravimetric analysis (DTA/TG) and evaluated for encapsulation efficiency and drug-release properties. The composite particles had a slightly deformed spherical shape and micrometric size with average perimeters ranging from 485.4 ± 13.3 to 492.4 ± 11.9 μm. The results of FTIR spectroscopy confirmed non-covalent interactions between CS and HNTs within composite particle structures. The DTA and TG studies revealed increased thermal stability of the composite particles in comparison to the CS-TPP particles. Drug adsorption on HNTs prior to encapsulation led to an increase in encapsulation efficiency from 19.6 ± 2.9 to 84.3 ± 1.9%. In contrast to the rapid release of encapsulated model drug from CS-TPP microparticles, the composite CS-HNTs microparticles released drug in a sustained manner, showing the best fit to the Bhaskar model. The results presented here imply that HNTs could be used to improve morphology, encapsulation efficiency and sustained drug-release properties of CS microparticles cross-linked ionically with TPP.

scholarly journals Bioreduction of silver nanoparticles characterizations and their antimicrobial activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gowthami ◽  
A. Vinoth Kanna ◽  
T. Uma sankari ◽  
Sarmad Moin
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Potential Analysis ◽  
Zeta Potential Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this investigation we report the bioreduction of silver nitrate to silver nanoparticles using the leaves aqueous extract of Alangium lamarckii. The silver nanoparticles were characterized by UVvis spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), DLS-Size and zeta potential analysis showed that the synthesized silver nanoparticles are varied from 60 - 70 nm and have the spherical shape. Further the prospect of protein as a stabilizing material in silver nanoparticles is shown by FTIR analysis and the XRD examination confirms monocrystalline phase of silver with FCC crystal structure. The antimicrobial activity of Ag nanoparticles was investigated against some pathogens. In these assessments, silver nanoparticles (AgNP) can stop microbial growth and even kill microbes, from now confirmed their antimicrobial importance.

scholarly journals Fracture and Embedment Behavior of Brittle Submicrometer Spherical Particles Fabricated by Pulsed Laser Melting in Liquid Using a Scanning Electron Microscope Nanoindenter

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2201
Author(s):  
Daizen Nakamura ◽  
Naoto Koshizaki ◽  
Nobuyuki Shishido ◽  
Shoji Kamiya ◽  
Yoshie Ishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Load Displacement ◽  
Scanning Electron

Generally, hard ceramic carbide particles, such as B4C and TiC, are angulated, and particle size control below the micrometer scale is difficult owing to their hardness. However, submicrometer particles (SMPs) with spherical shape can be experimentally fabricated, even for hard carbides, via instantaneous pulsed laser heating of raw particles dispersed in a liquid (pulsed laser melting in liquid). The spherical shape of the particles is important for mechanical applications as it can directly transfer the mechanical force without any loss from one side to the other. To evaluate the potential of such particles for mechanical applications, SMPs were compressed on various substrates using a diamond tip in a scanning electron microscope. The mechanical behaviors of SMPs were then examined from the obtained load–displacement curves. Particles were fractured on hard substrates, such as SiC, and fracture strength was estimated to be in the GPa range, which is larger than their corresponding bulk bending strength and is 10–40% of their ideal strength, as calculated using the density-functional theory. Contrarily, particles can be embedded into soft substrates, such as Si and Al, and the local hardness of the substrate can be estimated from the load–displacement curves as a nanoscale Brinell hardness measurement.

scholarly journals Preparation of Aniline Dimer-COOH Modified Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoparticles by Ultrasonic Dispersion Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.30) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakiyyu Ibrahim Taka ◽  
Mohd Kamarulzaki Mustafa ◽  
Saliza Asman ◽  
Khairunnadim Ahmad Sekak ◽  
Jibrin Muhammada
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Magnetite Nanoparticles ◽  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Dispersion Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Dispersion ◽  
Magnetite Fe3o4 ◽  
Scanning Electron

The magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles capped with certain level of aniline dimer-COOH were prepared via assisted ultrasonic dispersion method and characterized by X-ray Diffraction spectra (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Ultraviolent UV-visible (UV-vis) and Fourier Transformation Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The XRD result shows that both the sample of Fe3O4 nanoparticles synthesized without aniline dimer-COOH have similar peaks with the one that were capped with aniline dimer-COOH, this indicated the higher purity crystalline peaks of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was successfully synthesized. The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) result shows that, the aniline dimer-COOH modified magnetite nanoparticles are less agglomerated with spherical shape and continues size distribution, and the obtained image from EDS indicates the present of Fe3O4 nanoparticles by showing Fe-O group of element. The magnetic properties of the magnetite nanoparticles prepared by ultrasonic irradiation method was observed by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), the hysteresis loop of Fe3O4 nanoparticles observed by VSM has a saturation magnetization at 89.46 emug-1 indicating super paramagnetic behavior of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles.  

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