scholarly journals Chitosan-Coating Effect on the Characteristics of Liposomes: A Focus on Bioactive Compounds and Essential Oils: A Review

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
Carine Sebaaly ◽  
Adriana Trifan ◽  
Elwira Sieniawska ◽  
Hélène Greige-Gerges
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Potential Applications

In recent years, liposomes have gained increasing attention for their potential applications as drug delivery systems in the pharmaceutic, cosmetic and food industries. However, they have a tendency to aggregate and are sensitive to degradation caused by several factors, which may limit their effectiveness. A promising approach to improve liposomal stability is to modify liposomal surfaces by forming polymeric layers. Among natural polymers, chitosan has received great interest due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. This review discussed the characteristics of this combined system, called chitosomes, in comparison to those of conventional liposomes. The coating of liposomes with chitosan or its derivatives improved liposome stability, provided sustained drug release and increased drug penetration across mucus layers. The mechanisms behind these results are highlighted in this paper. Alternative assembly of polyelectrolytes using alginate, sodium hyaluronate, or pectin with chitosan could further improve the liposomal characteristics. Chitosomal encapsulation could also ensure targeted delivery and boost the antimicrobial efficacy of essential oils (EOs). Moreover, chitosomes could be an efficient tool to overcome the major drawbacks related to the chemical properties of EOs (low water solubility, sensitivity to oxygen, light, heat, and humidity) and their poor bioavailability. Overall, chitosomes could be considered as a promising strategy to enlarge the use of liposomes.

Effect of Ultrafine Pulverization on Properties of Apple Pomace Powder

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 2560-2563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Chao Liu ◽  
Zhong Gao Jiao ◽  
Xin Hong Liang ◽  
Lei Han ◽  
Hui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Apple Pomace ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Ultrafine Powder ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Water Holding

Ultrafine pulverization technology was applied for producing apple pomace powder, and the physical-chemical properties of the ultrafine powder including fluidity, water solubility, water holding capacity, fat binding capacity, and solubility of total phenolics and sugars were investigated. Results suggested that ultrafine pulverization had distinct effect on surface properties of apple pomace powder. With decreasing the size of apple pomace powder, the flow behavior and water solubility were improved, and the dissolubility of total phenolics and sugars increased significantly, while the water holding capacity and fat binding capacity decreased. These results would provide useful insight for exploiting the potential applications of apple pomace ultrafine powder in functional foods as well as extracting polyphenols and polysaccharides for commercial practices.

scholarly journals Essential Oils Loaded in Nanosystems: A Developing Strategy for a Successful Therapeutic Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Rita Bilia ◽  
Clizia Guccione ◽  
Benedetta Isacchi ◽  
Chiara Righeschi ◽  
Fabio Firenzuoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Molecular Complexes ◽  
Developing Strategy ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Aromatic Components ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
The Stability

Essential oils are complex blends of a variety of volatile molecules such as terpenoids, phenol-derived aromatic components, and aliphatic components having a strong interest in pharmaceutical, sanitary, cosmetic, agricultural, and food industries. Since the middle ages, essential oils have been widely used for bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, antiparasitical, insecticidal, and other medicinal properties such as analgesic, sedative, anti-inflammatory, spasmolytic, and locally anaesthetic remedies. In this review their nanoencapsulation in drug delivery systems has been proposed for their capability of decreasing volatility, improving the stability, water solubility, and efficacy of essential oil-based formulations, by maintenance of therapeutic efficacy. Two categories of nanocarriers can be proposed: polymeric nanoparticulate formulations, extensively studied with significant improvement of the essential oil antimicrobial activity, and lipid carriers, including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid particles, and nano- and microemulsions. Furthermore, molecular complexes such as cyclodextrin inclusion complexes also represent a valid strategy to increase water solubility and stability and bioavailability and decrease volatility of essential oils.

scholarly journals Suger-coated pillararenes for drug delivery applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 03048
Author(s):  
Zhang Chenglin ◽  
Su Jihao ◽  
Zhao Hongxia
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Supramolecular Systems ◽  
Guest Molecules ◽  
Controllable Release ◽  
Non Covalent Interactions ◽  
New Generation

Supramolecular drug delivery systems (SDDSs) provide a useful platform for smart and functional drug carriers owing to their high selectivity towards various guest molecules and stimulus-responsive properties. Pillar[n]arenes represent a new generation of macrocyclic hosts with unique structures and chemical properties. In recent times pillar[n]arenes have attracted considerable attention as ideal scaffolds for the construction of SDDSs. Since sugar functionalized pillar[n]arenes have good water solubility and excellent biocompatibility, they have been widely applied in supramolecular systems construction, such as nanoparticles, vesicles, and gels by non-covalent interactions, so as to meet the requirements of their applications in biomedicine. These SDDSs present good responsiveness, not only realizing targeted delivery and controllable release of drugs, but also improving drug solubility and reducing its toxic and side effects. Here, according to the different structure of the assembly, the SDDSs constructed by the sugar functionalized pillar[n]arenes are summarized, and the development prospect of the system is prospected.

scholarly journals Designing Natural Polymer-Based Capsules and Spheres for Biomedical Applications—A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4307
Author(s):  
Kusha Sharma ◽  
Ze’ev Porat ◽  
Aharon Gedanken
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Porous Matrix ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Matrix Structure ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
And Function

Natural polymers, such as polysaccharides and polypeptides, are potential candidates to serve as carriers of biomedical cargo. Natural polymer-based carriers, having a core–shell structural configuration, offer ample scope for introducing multifunctional capabilities and enable the simultaneous encapsulation of cargo materials of different physical and chemical properties for their targeted delivery and sustained and stimuli-responsive release. On the other hand, carriers with a porous matrix structure offer larger surface area and lower density, in order to serve as potential platforms for cell culture and tissue regeneration. This review explores the designing of micro- and nano-metric core–shell capsules and porous spheres, based on various functions. Synthesis approaches, mechanisms of formation, general- and function-specific characteristics, challenges, and future perspectives are discussed. Recent advances in protein-based carriers with a porous matrix structure and different core–shell configurations are also presented in detail.

scholarly journals An Overview of Micro- and Nanoemulsions as Vehicles for Essential Oils: Formulation, Preparation and Stability

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Pavoni ◽  
Diego Romano Perinelli ◽  
Giulia Bonacucina ◽  
Marco Cespi ◽  
Giovanni Filippo Palmieri
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Encapsulation Process ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Stability Issues

The interest around essential oils is constantly increasing thanks to their biological properties exploitable in several fields, from pharmaceuticals to food and agriculture. However, their widespread use and marketing are still restricted due to their poor physico-chemical properties; i.e., high volatility, thermal decomposition, low water solubility, and stability issues. At the moment, the most suitable approach to overcome such limitations is based on the development of proper formulation strategies. One of the approaches suggested to achieve this goal is the so-called encapsulation process through the preparation of aqueous nano-dispersions. Among them, micro- and nanoemulsions are the most studied thanks to the ease of formulation, handling and to their manufacturing costs. In this direction, this review intends to offer an overview of the formulation, preparation and stability parameters of micro- and nanoemulsions. Specifically, recent literature has been examined in order to define the most common practices adopted (materials and fabrication methods), highlighting their suitability and effectiveness. Finally, relevant points related to formulations, such as optimization, characterization, stability and safety, not deeply studied or clarified yet, were discussed.

pH Dependent Release Potential of Natural Polymers in Sustained Release of Ornidazole From Colon Targeted Delivery System)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharma Pankaj ◽  
Tailang Mukul
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Acidic Environment ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Curve Determination ◽  
Preformulation Studies

The aim of present work was to prepare colon specific delivery system of Ornidazole using different ratio of shellac, zein and guar gum. From study of various literature it revealed that shellac, zein and guar gum released drug from dosage form at the pH of 6.9, 11.5, 7-9 respectively. The main problem associated with colon targeted drug delivery system is degradation of drug in the acidic environment of stomach to circumvent the present problem different combinations of shellac, zein and guar gum were employed in the formulation of colon targeted tablet. Several preformulation parameters were determined such as melting point, FTIR spectroscopy, preparation of calibration curve, determination of λmax and partition coefficient. After the preformulation studies, next steps were preparation of core tablets, evaluation of core of tablets and coating of tablets. The data obtained from preformulation study seven formulations were developed and evaluated for various parameters. Based on evaluated parameter such as weight variation, friability, dissolution study, invitro drug release etc. the F7 formulation show better results colon targeted tablets. Drug content in F7 formulation was 95% and drug release after 6 hrs was 96%. Formulation containing combination of shellac, zein and guar gum released least amount of drug in the acidic environment of stomach and released most of the drug in colon. It is evide

Development and Optimization of Sustained Release Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride Loaded Nanoemulsion for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery: A 32 Factorial Design Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar R. Pardeshi ◽  
Harshal A. Mistari ◽  
Rakhi S. Jain ◽  
Pankaj R. Pardeshi ◽  
Rahul L. Rajput ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Drug Release Profile ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Bacterial Conjunctivitis ◽  
Promising Alternative

Background: Moxifloxacin is a BCS class I drug used in the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis and keratitis. Despite its high water solubility, it possesses limited bioavailability due to anatomical and physiological constraints associated with the eyes which required multiple administrations to achieve a therapeutic effect. Objective: In order to prolong drug release and to improve antibacterial efficacy for the treatment of bacterial keratitis and conjunctivitis, moxifloxacin loaded nanoemulsion was developed. Methods: The concentration of oil (oleic acid), surfactant (tween 80), and cosurfactant (propylene glycol) were optimized by employing a 3-level 2-factorial design of experiment for the development of nanoemulsion. The developed nanoemulsion was characterized by particle size distribution, viscosity, refractive index, pH, drug content and release, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and antibacterial study. The compatibility of the drug with the excipients was accessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Result: The average globule size was found to be 198.20 nm. The TEM study reveals the globules were nearly spherical and are well distributed. In vitro drug release profile for nanoemulsion shown sustained drug release (60.12% at the end of 6 h) compared to drug solution, where complete drug released within 2 h. The antibacterial effectiveness of the drug-loaded nanoemulsion was improved against S. aureus compared with the marketed formulation. Conclusion: The formulated sustained release nanoemulsion could be a promising alternative to eye drop with improved patient compliance by minimizing dosing frequency with improved antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Composite Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Nanofibers Embedding Differently-Shaped Gold Nanoparticles: Preparation and Characterization

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1604
Author(s):  
Andrea Dodero ◽  
Maila Castellano ◽  
Paola Lova ◽  
Massimo Ottonelli ◽  
Elisabetta Brunengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Gold Nanostructures ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Spherical Nanoparticles ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
New Perspective

Poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibrous mats containing ad hoc synthesized gold nanostructures were prepared via a single-step electrospinning procedure and investigated as a novel composite platform with several potential applications. Specifically, the effect of differently shaped and sized gold nanostructures on the resulting mat physical-chemical properties was investigated. In detail, nearly spherical nanoparticles and nanorods were first synthesized through a chemical reduction of gold precursors in water by using (hexadecyl)trimethylammonium bromide as the stabilizing agent. These nanostructures were then dispersed in poly(vinyl alcohol) aqueous solutions to prepare nanofibrous mats, which were then stabilized via a humble thermal treatment able to enhance their thermal stability and water resistance. Remarkably, the nanostructure type was proven to influence the mesh morphology, with the small spherical nanoparticles and the large nanorods leading to thinner well defined or bigger defect-rich nanofibers, respectively. Finally, the good mechanical properties shown by the prepared composite mats suggest their ease of handleability thereby opening new perspective applications.

PEG-poly(amino acid)s/EpCAM aptamer multifunctional nanoparticles arrest the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingru Zhang ◽  
Chunpu Li ◽  
Ru Jia ◽  
Ruixuan Gao ◽  
Yiyang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Micelle System

A new nano-micelle system with better water solubility and sustained drug release effect, targeting colorectal cancer stem cells, effectively inhibits the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

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