scholarly journals Forecasting Quantitative Risk Indicators of Investors in Projects of Biohydrogen Production from Agricultural Raw Materials

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Tryhuba ◽  
Taras Hutsol ◽  
Szymon Glowacki ◽  
Inna Tryhuba ◽  
Sylwester Tabor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Probability Theory ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
By Products

Hydrogen is increasingly considered as an environmentally friendly energy source as it stores a large amount of chemical energy per unit mass (142 MJ·kg−1) that can be released without the emission of combustion by-products. The presented research is based on simulation modeling of biohydrogen production projects from agricultural waste. Based on the probability theory and mathematical statistics, the models of the variable market value of biohydrogen and natural gas are substantiated. The results of the research indicate that in 2019, projects regarding the production of biohydrogen from agricultural raw materials were mostly unprofitable for the investors. However, starting in 2030, the forecasted return on investment in biohydrogen production projects from agricultural raw materials indicates that such projects will be profitable for investors, and the number and scale of such projects will significantly increase worldwide.

scholarly journals Utilization of Delignified Sawdust as Raw Material of Biogas Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asfarina Zumalla ◽  
Budiyono ◽  
Siswo Sumardiono
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
The Right

Biogas is one alternative to replace the irreplaceable energy source that has begun to diminish its existence. The raw materials for biogas manufacture are renewable biomass, usually using plantation waste, agriculture, and livestock. Using biogas can also reduce environmental pollution. One of the agricultural waste that has great potential to become the raw material of biogas is teak sawdust. Wood processing industry in Indonesia quite a lot, but wood has a high lignosesluosa content, so it needs the right method to process it. With the delignification of lignin levels on teak sawdust will decrease. Wood sawdust is soaked using NaOH for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days with 4% w / v concentration. The lowest lignin and hemicellulose content was 25.79% and 87.9% in pretreatment for 4 days, while the highest cellulose level was 57, 34%. The accumulated volume of biogas at 1 day pretreatment, ie 709 ml / g TS. Gcms shows the enlarged peak area of methanamine, N-methyl from before pretreatment. The fastest biogas formation (λ) in 4 days pretreatment, 1.60403 days and the largest constant A and U variables at 1 day were 914.5903 ml / g TS and 34.59765 ml / g TS.

Agro-industrial wastes for biotechnological production as potential substrates to obtain fungal enzymes

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e72
Author(s):  
Jéssica Crecencio Matei ◽  
João Arthur dos Santos Oliveira ◽  
João Alencar Pamphile ◽  
Julio Cesar Polonio
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Biotechnological Production ◽  
Fungal Enzymes ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
By Products

Agro-industrial wastes contain high moisture content and are rich in nutrients, and can be used as useful substrates by microbes with the supplementation of nitrogen sources, thus providing an alternative tool for the industrial production of many products of economic value, such as enzymes for example. These are proteins that function as biological catalysts, responsible for carrying out various biochemical reactions, being applied in detergent, food, paper and cellulose, cosmetics, textile industries, etc. However, they are expensive raw materials, and it is worth noting that an important part of the cost of manufacturing enzymes is mainly due to the expense of means and fermentation processes. Thus, to minimize the cost of this production and in order to reduce the degradation of the environment due to agricultural waste, a variety of microorganisms and agro-industrial “by-products” can be used to facilitate the economic production of enzymes.Therefore, in this work, a review was carried out on agro-industrial residues and the main enzymes in the industrial market, as well as the use of these materials as sources to obtain enzymes produced by fungi.

Offer of methods for minimizing key investment risks of “R-Pharm” JSC

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
N. A. Kabanova ◽  
I. K. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Pharmaceutical Company ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Degree

The article is devoted to the assessment of potential investment risks of the pharmaceutical company “R-Pharm” JSC with the aim of identifying the highest priority risks and developing methods for minimizing them. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the pharmaceutical business is characterized by a high degree of social orientation and annually invests $ 140 billion in the development of production and research, which determines the need for a risk-based approach to ensure the return on investment. The subject of this article is the investment risks of pharmaceutical companies, and the subject of research is the domestic pharmaceutical company “R-Pharm”. In order to assess the potential investment risks of “R-Pharm” JSC, the authors used elements of simulation modeling and system analysis. The proposed methods to minimize key investment risks are aimed at improving the efficiency of investment activities and is recommended as an element of the strategic planning of the company.

تأثير الاستثمار الاجنبي المباشر في القيمة السوقية للشركة (دراسة تطبيقية في شركة بترو جانيا الصينية في عقود التراخيص النفطية للجولة الاولى والثانية في الحقول النفطية في العراق للمدة من 2017-2010)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (66) ◽  
pp. 65-85
Author(s):  
هيثم عبد النبي موسى ◽  
أ .د حيدر نعمة غالي الفريجي
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Impact

This study dealt with the effect of foreign direct investment on the market value of the company during the period of time (2010-2017). This issue was studied through a sample of oil fields in southern Iraq in which the company operates within the first and second licensing contracts rounds and according to the circumstances and variables of the investment environment as it is. Although this investment often achieves high returns, it is also characterized by a high degree of risk and for the purpose of evaluating the impact of foreign direct investment on the market value of the company's stock prices for the period (2010-2017). The statistical scale (T-TEST) was used to indicate the significance of the correlation hypotheses. Between the return on investment as the independent variable and the market value as the dependent variable, and the use of the coefficient of determination (R2) that measures the effect of the independent variable (foreign direct investment) on the dependent variable (market value) and the F-Test to demonstrate acceptance or rejection of the hypothesis of the return on investing in the market value of the oil company, and if the company achieves a high return in foreign direct investment, the market value of it will be affected positively. The study was based on a set of goals, including determining the attractiveness of Iraq to foreign investments, especially the oil sector, and the study reached a number of conclusions, the most prominent of which is the existence of a strong inverse correlation between the return on investment and the market value of the company. And the existence of a slight impact of the return on investment on the market value of the company, and the study reached a number of recommendations, the most important of which is activating the investment climate through political stability and the clarity and stability of laws and legislation regulating investment, which is one of the most important factors affecting the investment decision.

scholarly journals Wine By-Products as Raw Materials for the Production of Biopolymers and of Natural Reinforcing Fillers: A Critical Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Alessandro Nanni ◽  
Mariafederica Parisi ◽  
Martino Colonna
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Reinforcing Fillers ◽  
Plastic Industry ◽  
Review Reports ◽  
By Products

The plastic industry is today facing a green revolution; however, biopolymers, produced in low amounts, expensive, and food competitive do not represent an efficient solution. The use of wine waste as second-generation feedstock for the synthesis of polymer building blocks or as reinforcing fillers could represent a solution to reduce biopolymer costs and to boost the biopolymer presence in the market. The present critical review reports the state of the art of the scientific studies concerning the use of wine by-products as substrate for the synthesis of polymer building blocks and as reinforcing fillers for polymers. The review has been mainly focused on the most used bio-based and biodegradable polymers present in the market (i.e., poly(lactic acid), poly(butylene succinate), and poly(hydroxyalkanoates)). The results present in the literature have been reviewed and elaborated in order to suggest new possibilities of development based on the chemical and physical characteristics of wine by-products.

scholarly journals Anti-Fatigue Effect of a Dietary Supplement from the Fermented By-Products of Taiwan Tilapia Aquatic Waste and Monostroma nitidum Oligosaccharide Complex

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1688
Author(s):  
Ying-Ju Chen ◽  
Chun-Yen Kuo ◽  
Zwe-Ling Kong ◽  
Chin-Ying Lai ◽  
Guan-Wen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Fatigue Effect ◽  
Monostroma Nitidum ◽  
By Products

The Taiwan Tilapia is an important aquaculture product in Taiwan. The aquatic by-products generated during Tilapia processing, such as fish bones and skin, are rich in minerals and protein. We aimed to explore the effect of a dietary supplement, comprising a mixture of fermented Tilapia by-products and Monostroma nitidum oligosaccharides as the raw materials, combined with physical training on exercise performance and fatigue. We used a mouse model that displays a phenotype of accelerated aging. Male senescence-accelerated mouse prone-8 (SAMP8) mice were divided into two control groups—with or without physical training—and supplemented with different doses (0.5 times: 412 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day; 1 time: 824 mg/kg BW/day; 2 times: 1648 mg/kg BW/day) of fermented Tilapia by-products and Monostroma nitidum oligosaccharide-containing mixture and combined with exercise training groups. Exercise performance was determined by testing forelimb grip strength and with a weight-bearing exhaustive swimming test. Animals were sacrificed to collect physical fatigue-related biomarkers. Mice dosed at 824 or 1648 mg/kg BW/day showed improvement in their exercise performance (p < 0.05). In terms of biochemical fatigue indicators, supplementation of 824 or 1648 mg/kg BW/day doses of test substances could effectively reduce blood urea nitrogen concentration and lactate concentration and increase the lactate ratio (p < 0.05) and liver glycogen content post-exercise (p < 0.05). Based on the above results, the combination of physical training and consumption of a dietary supplementation mixture of fermented Tilapia by-products and Monostroma nitidum oligosaccharides could improve the exercise performance of mice and help achieve an anti-fatigue effect.

Optimization of Inexpensive Agricultural By-Products as Raw Materials for Bacitracin Production in Bacillus licheniformis DW2

2017 ◽  
Vol 183 (4) ◽  
pp. 1146-1157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Wang ◽  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Xia Wan ◽  
Hongfeng Huang ◽  
Junhui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
By Products

Utilization of Porcelain Tile Polishing Residue

2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 699-703
Author(s):  
Valeriya È. Shvarczkopf ◽  
Irina A. Pavlova ◽  
Elena P. Farafontova
Keyword(s):  
Glassy Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Foam Glass ◽  
Mixture Preparation ◽  
Cleaning Equipment ◽  
Oil Paints ◽  
Roofing Materials ◽  
Sodium Feldspar ◽  
By Products ◽  
Porcelain Tile

The research focuses on the properties of by-products formed in the production of porcelain stoneware: polishing residue and residue of the mixture-preparation shop. The polishing residue consists of glassy phase (80%), quartz (14%), mullite (5%). Residue of the mixture-preparation shop consists of quartz (~ 18%), muscovite (~ 6.9%), kaolinite (~ 20.5%), calcium-sodium feldspar (~ 51.4%), diopside (~ 2.98%). Polishing residue occurs when polishing porcelain stoneware to create a glossy surface and when polishing the side faces of porcelain stoneware to obtain accurate tile geometry. The particle size of the polishing residue is less than 0.2 mm, and the residue of the mixture-preparation shop is less than 40 microns. Residue of the mixture-preparation shop is formed when cleaning equipment: mills, mixers, slipways, etc. The ways of utilization of by-product are follows: as a filler for the silicate production; for polymer-cement, water-dispersion and oil paints; as a filler for the production of roofing materials, bituminous roofing mastics based on organic binders; raw materials for the production of foam glass materials and products.

Agricultural waste as a source of innovative and compostable composite biopolymers for food packaging: a scientific review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ronzano ◽  
Roberta Stefanini ◽  
Giulia Borghesi ◽  
Giuseppe Vignali
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Regional Project ◽  
Materials Used

"The recovery of agriculture waste is one of the challenges of 2030 Agenda. Food and Agriculture Organization states that 30 % of the world’s agricultural land is used to produce food that is later lost or wasted, and the global carbon footprint corresponds to 7% of total greenhouse gases emissions. Alternatively, natural fibers contained in food and agricultural waste could be a valuable feedstock to reinforce composite biopolymers contributing to increase mechanical properties. In addition, the use of biopolymers matrix could contribute significantly to reduce the environmental footprint of the biobased compounds. Based on these premises, a regional project in Emilia-Romagna, aims to enhance agricultural waste to produce food packaging materials which in turn would contribute to the reduction of green raw materials used. This article reviews the state of art of composite biopolymers added with fillers extracted by food and agricultural waste, analyzing the literature published on scientific databases such as Scopus. The characteristics, advantages and drawbacks of each innovative sustainable material will be studied, trying to compare their various properties. The results of the work could guide companies in the choice of eco-sustainable packaging and lay the foundations for the development of the mentioned regional project."

Research of pneumatic conveyor for overloading of fuel pellets

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
N. Spodyniuk ◽  
◽  
L. Horbachenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Fuel Pellets ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Loading And Unloading

The constant development of the country's agricultural sector allows the production of biofuels, such as fuel pellets, from agricultural waste - straw, corn and sunflower husks. However, the transportation of fuel pellets is quite energy consuming. The process of loading and unloading, transportation over long distances requires complex mechanized equipment. The use of a pneumatic conveyor for grain reloading will allow to provide high-quality transportation of fuel pellets. The aim of the article was to investigate the operation of the pneumatic conveyor for overloading fuel pellets, to determine the optimal indicators that affect the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor. Since fuel pellets, as raw materials, are structurally similar to cereals, a study of the pneumatic grain conveyor PTZ-25 was conducted. The dependence of the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor on the lifting height h, m and the length of the pipelines L, m was obtained. The obtained results showed that by reducing the length of the pipelines by four times and the lifting height by half, the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor will increase by 1.15 times. Key words: fuel pellets, pneumatic conveyor, productivity

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