scholarly journals Study on Production, Domestic and Ecological Benefits of Reservoir Water Supply Based on Emergy Analysis

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1435
Author(s):  
Xinjian Guan ◽  
Pengkun Jiang ◽  
Yu Meng ◽  
Haidong Qin ◽  
Hong Lv
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Emergy Analysis ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Ecological Benefit ◽  
Analysis Theory ◽  
Regulation Function ◽  
Current Water

As an important water conservancy project, it is necessary to evaluate its water supply benefit. Based on the emergy analysis theory, a reservoir water supply benefits evaluation model (RWSBEM) was established. Firstly, the emergy transformity of natural and engineering water body was calculated. Secondly, the water resource values (WRV) of different water users (industrial, agricultural, domestic, ecological) were calculated. Finally, combined with the water supply situation of the reservoir, the various water supply benefits of the reservoir were calculated. Taking Hekoucun reservoir as an example, its ecological water supply benefit is the largest and agriculture is the smallest, followed by industry and life. The results showed that the trend of WRV was domestic > industry > ecology > agriculture, which reflected the contribution and utility of water resources in different industries. Under the condition of current water resources, the planned water supply benefits of the reservoir can be guaranteed in the wet and normal years, but in the dry years, the ecological benefit will be reduced. Therefore, the industry water-saving needs to be further strengthened, and the interannual regulation function of the reservoir should be applied more effectively to maximize the comprehensive benefits of reservoir water supply.

scholarly journals Determination of the Irrigation Water Supply Services Cost

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Water Charges ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Organizational Mechanisms

The article summarizes and analyzes experience in irrigation water charges fixation. Many countries of the world with developed irrigation systems face problems of lack or inadequacy of financial resources to maintain these systems in an efficient state. There is the necessity to find effective financial and organizational mechanisms to address these problems. The purpose of this article is to summarize and analyse the experience of setting fees for the supply of water for irrigation in various socio-economic conditions and to find out possibilities of improving systems of payment collection for the provision of irrigation services and in particular, for irrigation water supply. The analysis is based on a wide range of conditions specific for both developing and developed countries. In addition, the article attempts to assess the experience of using the amount of payment for irrigation water as an incentive for cost recovery to achieve financial sustainability and demand management for the efficient use of water resources. Quotas, water markets, subsidies, as well as information/educational problems have been considered as incentives of water resources demand management. We have considered special features of the tariffs formation in the Central Asia countries. The study has demonstrated that the two-stake tariff implementation will enable to compensate the irrigation services expenses at the level acceptable for water users in case of cultivation of crops generating an adequate income for the tariff’s financing.

scholarly journals A uniform spatial allocation strategy in solving water resources optimization dispatch problem

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 01057
Author(s):  
Jiahui Sun ◽  
Xiaohui Lei ◽  
Ji Liang ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Liang Men
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Allocation Strategy ◽  
Spatial Allocation ◽  
Original Algorithm ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Water Resources Optimization

Along with social economy development, the total water consumption increased year by year. The conflicts between water supply and water consumption is growing. Water resources optimization dispatch, which is used to allocate water resources to meet the demand of water user on both time scale and spatial scale, plays an important role in water resources management. Aiming at improving the spatial allocation ability of traditional optimization algorithms, a uniform spatial allocation strategy is proposed accordingly. The proposed method is used to improve the performance of optimization algorithm to obtain solutions which can uniform the water supply in spatial scale. Simulation results show that the maximum ratio of water deficiency gained by the proposed method is smaller than that obtained by the original algorithm. The proposed method is effective to balance the demand of water users in spatial scale. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 10th International Conference on Applied Energy (ICAE2018).

scholarly journals Water Supply and Water Scarcity

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios A. Tzanakakis ◽  
Nikolaos V. Paranychianakis ◽  
Andreas N. Angelakis
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Water History ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Use Efficiency

This paper provides an overview of the Special Issue on water supply and water scarcity. The papers selected for publication include review papers on water history, on water management issues under water scarcity regimes, on rainwater harvesting, on water quality and degradation, and on climatic variability impacts on water resources. Overall, the issue underscores the need for a revised water management, especially in areas with demographic change and climate vulnerability towards sustainable and secure water supply. Moreover, general guidelines and possible solutions, such as the adoption of advanced technological solutions and practices that improve water use efficiency and the use of alternative (non-conventional) water resources are highlighted and discussed to address growing environmental and health issues and to reduce the emerging conflicts among water users.

ENHANCING THE PARTICIPATION OF MEN AND WOMEN IN THE MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AT THE BRIDGE WATER SUPPLY PROJECT IN KAKAMEGA COUNTY, KENYA

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 332-341
Author(s):  
Brian Mwambu ◽  
Prof. Elishiba Kimani ◽  
Dr. Lucy Maina
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Management Positions

affects livelihoods, health and the fulfillment of basic needs of women and men. Women and men as the users of water resources need to be involved in the management of water resource. This can effectively be done with proper strategies to mainstream gender in all the management undertaking at the community level. This study sought to investigate on the participation of men and women and strategies to enhance gender mainstreaming in the management of water resources at the Bridge Water Project which had drilled 123 boreholes for use in households, learning and religious institutions in Kakamega County. The study was a case study guided by the equity theory developed by John Stacy Adams in 1963. 10% samples of 13 out of the 123 committees that manage the boreholes were randomly selected as respondents to the study. They include 5 household committees, 6 learning and 2 committees from religious institutions.  Key informants were heads of selected institutions and the chief of the location where the study was undertaken. The instruments used to collect data were Questionnaires, Focused Group Discussion, Interview Schedule and Observation. Data collected was cross-tabulated for qualitative analysis. The study established that women were discriminated against in terms of participation in management committees despite the fact that they were the main water users. On the basis of strategies, the study identified training and awareness creation on the need for gender equity, dissemination of the affirmative action policy, empowerment and mobilization of women to seek management positions and engagement of a gender expert to guide gender mainstreaming in the management of the project as strategies to enhance gender mainstreaming in the management of the Bridge Water Supply Project.

scholarly journals WATER SUPPLY RESOURCES AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN SARAWAK AND OTHER COUNTRIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Nur Rasfina Mahyan ◽  
Onni Suhaiza Selaman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Desalinated Water ◽  
Current Water ◽  
The Difference

The rapid urbanization faced by Sarawak has raised the concern on whether the current water supply isadequate to cater for the increasing demands in future. This study focuses on identifying the potential options of watersupply resources and management practices for Sarawak in future. The water supply resources and management practicesfrom other countries are reviewed as to provide guidance for Sarawak in improving their water supply resources andmanagement practices. The desk study is performed by collecting data and information from existing resources such asinternet, government agencies, journal papers, and published reports. In this study, five types of water resources wereconsidered to be used by studied countries including surface water, groundwater, desalinated water, rainwater and reclaimedwater. The usage of surface water is recorded as the highest among all resources for both in Sarawak and other countries. Interms of water storage system, the difference between Sarawak and other countries are not significant as they adoptedalmost the similar systems such as reservoir and well. Ideally, there are three proposed potential options regarding watersupply resources for Sarawak in future namely rainwater harvesting, desalinated water and reclaimed water. Nonetheless,most of the management practices in other countries had already been practiced by Sarawak itself but may differ in terms oftechnologies and method of applications. Thus, effective water resources management must be supported by understandingof the availability of the resource itself in order to address the probable challenges in future.

scholarly journals Study of the Sustainable Water Resources Management at the Upper Euphrates Basin, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210
Author(s):  
Sura Mohammed Sameer ◽  
Ayad Sleibi Mustafa ◽  
Jumaa A. Al-Somaydaii
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Weap Model ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Total Water Demand

This study aims at developing the aspect of sustainable management of water resources in the part of the upper Euphrates basin to extend the year 2035 by using the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model. Water budget was developed to assess the current water conditions for the reference year 2015 based on available water supply and the increasing demand for water uses. Some of the proposed scenarios have been applied to the WEAP model. The results showed that the total water demand in 2015 was 100 MCM, and it will rise to 400 MCM in 2035. With the emergence of a water deficit, it is expected that 38 MCM, will be fully provided by applying modern irrigation methods. However, when applying the wastewater reuse scenario, it was found that the water deficit reaches 35 MCM. On the other hand, the water deficit has been approximately decreased to 16 MCM when the groundwater scenario was used as an additional source of water supply. The results confirmed the necessity of adopting alternative methods to reduce the water deficit, as well as the ability of the WEAP model to represent the study area.

Options for the future: balancing urban water supply and demand in Beijing

Water Policy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Wang ◽  
Camilla Dunham Whitehead ◽  
Jining Chen ◽  
Xiaomin Liu ◽  
Junying Chu
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Current Effort ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Water Supply And Demand

Beijing is facing the considerable challenge of water shortage, as it is just able to meet current water demand in a year with average precipitation and a shortfall between water supply and demand is estimated to be around 1.8 billion[109] cubic meters (BCM) by 2010. Aiming to find the solution to such a severe challenge, this paper investigates Beijing's current and future water resources availability and water-use configurations, as well as past and current effort on both areas of water supply and demand. The analysis shows a continuously growing demand for water and an aggravating deficit of traditionally available water resources. The paper concludes that it is necessary to establish well-structured water-use data and employ more advanced forecasting methods if sound future decisions regarding water balance are expected to be made. In order to realize Beijing Municipality's full urban water conservation potential, it is suggested that a comprehensive and integrated long-term conservation program be implemented, which is technically feasible and economically justified, to conserve water consistently for many years.

scholarly journals Research on water resources dispatch model based on improved genetic algorithm – water resources dispatch model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoran Fu ◽  
Huahui Li
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Improved Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Operation Rules

Abstract According to the research of reservoir water resources scheduling and distribution, the aim is to balance the water supply and demand in each period, and consider the total water supply and the annual external water withdrawal of the reservoir in each period as water rights. The decision-making variables are provided for the water supply of the reservoir in the paper, so that water demand of the water-receiving area can be better met to alleviate the water shortage at various stages and realize the effective use of water resources. Moreover, through the constraints of reservoir operation rules and other constraints, a mathematical model is established for optimal operation of water resources in the reservoir system. Meanwhile, optimized genetic algorithms are applied to solve the model according to the characteristics of the model. After simulation tests, compared with the traditional linear binary algorithm used in the reservoir, the improved genetic algorithm studied in the paper improves the accuracy of data calculation and data convergence, which proves that the research results of the paper provide theoretical and practical significance for improving the level of reservoir water resources management and solving the problem of optimal water resources scheduling.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Improvement of Water Supply Capacity in the Region

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Qiao-Xu Qin ◽  
Yuan-Biao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Grey Prediction ◽  
Beijing Area ◽  
Intervention Plan ◽  
Supply Capacity ◽  
The Impact

Aiming at the problem of water shortage in the world, we set up an index to measure the supply capacity of regional water resources, and chose six regions to verify the accuracy of the index. Then we chose the Beijing area to analyze the causes of water shortage combined with the actual situation. After that, we predicted the water supply situation in Beijing area in the next 15 years and explained the impact of future water resources on the residents’ life by using the grey prediction method. Then the intervention plan is put forward, and the influence of the intervention plan is added to the evaluation model, and then the water supply capacity of the prognosis is predicted again. The quality of the intervention plan is evaluated, and suggestions for future water resources supply are put forward.

scholarly journals Inequality and transaction costs in a community-based water supply in rural area adjacent to national park

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Ambar Istiyani ◽  
Mohamad Shohibuddin
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Transaction Cost Economics ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Water Users

National parks can be sensitive state-property areas since the surrounding communities generally need the parks' resources for their livelihood. This paper focuses on inequality and transaction costs in PAMSIMAS (Community-Based Water Supply and Sanitation), a water sector program in Indonesia’s rural and peri-urban areas. The method used is a case study of PAMSIMAS in Tajuk, a village adjacent to Mount Merbabu National Park in Semarang Regency, Central Java. The data were gathered from documentary studies, in-depth interviews, and observations, and were analyzed using transaction cost economics and institutional analysis. This study found that the rules of PAMSIMAS, especially water pricing mechanisms, enhanced water availability but could not diminish the uncertainty of water access and transaction costs born by water users. Inequalities of endowment, power, and information among the hamlets affected how PAMSIMAS was run. Mobilization of water resources is related to property rights, which should be well-defined. Still, there was an overlapping property institution of Mount Merbabu National Park forest and its water resources; thus, the water user groups had to bear different transaction costs. The study provides suggestions for providing broader 'rules of the game' in rural water management, recognizing local conditions and prospects, acknowledging community rights to resources, and developing inclusive community participation.JEL Classification D23; P48; Q15

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