scholarly journals Improving the Inner Surface State of Thick-Walled Tubes by Heat Treatments with Internal Quenching Considering a Simulation Based Optimization

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1303
Author(s):  
Fabian Mühl ◽  
Moritz Klug ◽  
Stefan Dietrich ◽  
Volker Schulze
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Surface State ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Residual Stress State ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Inner Surface

Internal Quenching is an innovative heat treatment method for difficult to access component sections. Especially, the microstructure, as well as the residual stress state at inner surfaces, of thick-walled tubes can be adjusted with the presented flexible heat treatment process. Based on multiphysical FE-models of two different steels, a simulative optimization study, considering different internal quenching strategies, was performed in order to find the optimal cooling conditions. The focus hereby was on the adjustment of a martensitic inner surface with high compressive residual stresses. The simulatively determined optimal cooling strategies were carried out experimentally and analyzed. A good agreement of the resulting hardness and residual stresses was achieved, validating the presented Fe-model of the Internal Quenching process. The shown results also indicate that the arising inner surface state is very sensitive to the transformation behavior of the used steel. Furthermore, the presented study shows that a preliminary simulative consideration of the heat treatment process helps to evaluate significant effects, reducing the experimental effort and time.

Experimental Investigation of Residual Stresses after Heat Treatment and Grinding Processes in the Production of Ball Bearing Rings

2008 ◽  
Vol 571-572 ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkan Güley ◽  
A. Erman Tekkaya ◽  
Turhan Savaş ◽  
Feridun Özhan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Grinding Processes ◽  
Bearing Rings

Experimental investigation of residual stresses after heat treatment and grinding processes in the production of ball bearing rings has been carried out. The residual stresses were measured by X-ray diffraction method utilizing chromium radiation, which has an average penetration depth of 5 μm incident on 100Cr6 (AISI-E52100) ball bearing steel. The process parameters of heat treatment and grinding processes were varied so as to represent the extreme values that can be applied in the respective processes. Hardness and percent retained austenite limit the heat treatment process parameters; while roundness, surface roughness and form the grinding process. Tensile surface residual stresses on the raceway of ball bearing rings changes to compression after grinding in both circumferential and axial directions. In grinding relatively higher compressive stresses were measured in axial direction compared to the circumferential direction. This experimental investigation also showed that the influence of heat treatment process parameters on the magnitude and distribution of residual stresses survived even after grinding process; i.e. heat treatment and grinding processes cannot be evaluated independently in process design for favourable residual stresses.

Development of Residual Stresses in a Railroad Wheel Through Rim Spray Heat Treatment

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve L. Dedmon ◽  
James Pilch ◽  
Jeffrey Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Railroad Wheel ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Plastic Deformations ◽  
Subsequent Tempering ◽  
Fundamental Objective

Understanding how residual stresses develop during a typical rim spray quench and subsequent tempering operation is a fundamental objective necessary to gain knowledge of how wheels behave when under service loads. In this study, we have used specially modified and validated ANSYS software to calculate plastic deformations as they develop during the heat treatment process. Plastic deformations, including creep, were determined to follow stages which were both dependent on time of quench and depth from the taping line. Residual stresses developed from these deformations are also discussed.

Influence of Transformation Plasticity on Residual Stresses and Distortions due to the Heat Treatment of Steels with Different Carbon Content

2005 ◽  
Vol 490-491 ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Franz ◽  
Gerhard Besserdich ◽  
Volker Schulze ◽  
Hermann Müller ◽  
Detlef Löhe
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Residual Stress Distribution ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Temporal Development ◽  
Transformation Plasticity ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Simulation Tools

The field of heat treatment of steels offers a large variety of applications for the use of simulation tools. It always includes the development of residual stresses and distortions. The geometry of the part, the composition of the material, the heat treatment process as well as the initial state of the part interact with each other in complex ways and have an influence on the distortion of the part. Using simulation the temporal development of temperature, phases, stresses and distortions while quenching as well as the residual stress distribution and distortion after quenching can be calculated. Transformation plasticity has been proved to be very important for heat treatment simulation. Three steels with identical contents of alloying elements but different carbon contents of 0.2, 0.5 and 0.8 wt. % were analysed. The influence of transformation plasticity during the martensitic transformation on the distortions and residual stresses after quenching of cylinders made out of the three steels was analyzed in simulations and compared to experimental results.

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AlSi10Mg Alloy Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting

2021 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
pp. 312-317
Author(s):  
Peng Qi ◽  
Bo Long Li ◽  
Tong Bo Wang ◽  
Lian Zhou ◽  
Zuo Ren Nie
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Cool Process ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment Method

The effects of the heat treatment process parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a selective laser melted (SLMed) AlSi10Mg alloy were systematically investigated. The SLMed AlSi10Mg alloy was treated with T1 (180°C× 4h + air cooling) process, which had the microstructure of fine α-Al grains, fine Si phase, and nano-sized precipitations. The microhardness significantly increased to 150 HV, which is even higher than as-SLMed one (126 HV). The microhardness of SLMed AlSi10Mg alloy treated with T4 (540°C × 2h + water cooling) heat-treatment process significantly decreased to 62 HV due to the growth of α-Al grains, Si phase and the formation of β-AlFeSi phase. However, the microhardness and ultimate tensile strength of AlSi10Mg alloy treated with T6 (540°C × 2 h water cool + 180°C × 4 h air cool) process decreased to 91 HV, although the strengthening precipitation of Mg2Si phase formed. It indicates that the Mg2Si phase cannot compensate for the adverse effect of grain growth. It may provide the best potential heat treatment method for fabricating the high strength SLMed AlSi10Mg alloy.

Optimization of Local Laser Heat Treatment Process Using a Simple FE-Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
pp. 360-367
Author(s):  
Antti Järvenpää ◽  
T. Kiuru ◽  
Antti Määttä ◽  
Matias Jaskari ◽  
Kari Mäntyjärvi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Laser Heat Treatment ◽  
Laser Heat ◽  
Heat Treated

Local laser heat treatment is an efficient method to manufacture tailored heat-treated steel strips. It can be applied to soften narrow zones of the strip in order to improve its formability on desired areas. However, the properties achieved are dependent on several process parameters. An objective is to develop a predictive model to optimize the heat treatment parameters instead of using experimental trials. In the present study, a finite element model was applied to predict the maximum temperature and heating and cooling rates, as well as the heat distribution along the heat treated area. To develop the model and to test its feasibility, experiments were performed, in which process parameters were varied to study their effects on temperature distribution in a 6 mm thick abrasion resistant steel grade. Scanning of a laser beam was used to optimize the width and depth of the heat-affected zone.In practice, local laser heat treatment process parameters have to be optimized with care for successful results. The most important task is to minimize the temperature gradient between the surfaces and to keep the peak temperatures close to the austenitizing temperature. The results indicate that a simple model can be used to predict the outcome of the heat treatment, so that finite element modeling can be adopted as a suitable tool for design of local heat treatments, allowing more advanced treatments and applications with complex geometries.

Density Assessment of Heat Treated Malaysian Hardwood Timber: The Case of Kapur (Dryobalanops spp.) and Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Nur Ilya Farhana Md Noh ◽  
Zakiah Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Hisbany Mohd Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Movement Stability ◽  
Chemical Preservatives ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Density Assessment

Heat treatment is one of the environmental friendly ways to treat timber that will lead to the improvement of timber natural quality and equip the timber with new properties. It is an eco friendly and alternative treatment method that will modify the properties of timber by using high temperature instead of using chemical preservatives as common practice. This paper presents the effect of heat treatment on physical properties which is density for two types of Malaysia hardwood namelykapurandkeruing. Specially design electronic furnace was used as an oven for the heat treatment process. The result shows a reduction in density after heat treatment, however the difference is not merely significant. Lower in density indicates a weight loss which theoretically caused by moisture content loss thus leading to the increment of movement stability.

Optimization of Heat Treatment Process of ZE41A Magnesium Alloy Using Grey- Based Taguchi Method

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
M. Sivapragash ◽  
◽  
V. Sateeshkumar ◽  
P.R. Lakshminarayanan ◽  
R. Karthikeyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Heat Treatment Process

EFFECT ON HARDNESS and MICRO STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOUR OF TOOL STEEL AFTER HEAT TREATMENT PROCESS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karanbir Singh ◽  
Aditya Chhabra ◽  
Vaibhav Kapoor ◽  
Vaibhav Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
En 31

This study is conducted to analyze the effect on the Hardness and Micro Structural Behaviour of three Sample Grades of Tool Steel i.e. EN-31, EN-8, and D3 after Heat Treatment Processes Such As Annealing, Normalizing, and Hardening and Tempering. The purpose of Selecting Tool Steel is Because Tool Steel is Mostly Used in the Manufacturing Industry.This study is based upon the empirical study which means it is derived from experiment and observation rather than theory.

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