scholarly journals Modeling of Biofilm Growth on Fine Spherical Particles with the Use of Cellular Automata: The Influence of Cell Death and Lysis on the Biofilm Structure

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1234
Author(s):  
Szymon Skoneczny ◽  
Monika Cioch-Skoneczny
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Automata Theory ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Biofilm Detachment ◽  
Double Substrate ◽  
Biofilm Structure

The paper concerns the modeling of heterogeneous biofilm growth on fine spherical particles of such biofilm forms as, e.g., fluidized-bed bioreactors. Three discrete mathematical models based on cellular automata theory were proposed. The double-substrate kinetics of biomass growth, biomass displacement, internal and external mass transfer resistances, death and lysis of microbiological cells and biofilm detachment were taken into account. It was shown that there are no significant qualitative and quantitative differences between biofilm growth on flat and spherical particles of different radii. Computer simulations were compared with experimental observations. Qualitative and quantitative agreement areachieved if both cell death and lysis aretaken into consideration and a proper algorithm of biomass displacement is used. The value of the bacteria lysis rate coefficient was estimated.

Computer Simulation of a Press Feed Mechanism and Experimental Confirmation

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Chassapis ◽  
G. G. Lowen
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Data Acquisition System ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Drive Shaft ◽  
Strain Gages ◽  
Motion Equations ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Bending Strain ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Set Up

An experimentally verified simulation of the elastic-dynamic behavior of a lever-type feed mechanism is presented. Based on a combination of experimental and analytical findings, simplified motion equations could be introduced. In the experimental set-up, the motion of the mechanism is monitored by three angular encoders, which are attached to the drive shaft, the rocker-link shaft, and the feed roller shaft, respectively. Their output, which is stored in a specially designed data acquisition system, allows the correlation of the instantaneous rotations of the feed roller and the rocker shafts to that of the drive shaft. Strain gages provide in and out-of-plane bending-strain histories of the bent coupler. Experiment and theory, for different loading conditions, are correlated by way of the coupler strain, the clutch windup angle and the total feed length. Good qualitative and quantitative agreement between computed and experimental results was found.

Effect of EPS on biofilm structure and function as revealed by an individual-based model of biofilm growth

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 135-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-U. Kreft ◽  
J. W. Wimpenny
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Individual Based Model ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Binding Forces ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Function ◽  
Biofilm Structure

We have simulated a nitrifying biofilm with one ammonia and one nitrite oxidising species in order to elucidate the effect of various extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production scenarios on biofilm structure and function. The individual-based model (IbM) BacSim simulates diffusion of all substrates on a two-dimensional lattice. Each bacterium is individually simulated as a sphere of given size in a continuous, three-dimensional space. EPS production kinetics was described by a growth rate dependent and an independent term (Luedeking-Piret equation). The structure of the biofilm was dramatically influenced by EPS production or capsule formation. EPS production decreased growth of producers and stimulated growth of non-producers because of the energy cost involved. For the same reason, EPS accumulation can fall as its rate of production increases. The patchiness and roughness of the biofilm decreased and the porosity increased due to EPS production. EPS density was maximal in the middle of the vertical profile. Introduction of binding forces between like cells increased clustering.

scholarly journals Simulation of traffic flows on road segments using cellular automata theory and quasigasdynamic approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 72-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Gennadievna Churbanova ◽  
◽  
Antonina Alexandrovna Chechina ◽  
Marina Alexandrovna Trapeznikova ◽  
Pavel Alexeevich Sokolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Automata Theory ◽  
Traffic Flows ◽  
Road Segments

Three-dimensional multi-species mathematical model of the aerobic granulation process based on cellular automata theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 2761-2771
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Zheng ◽  
Kuizu Su ◽  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Yulan Wang ◽  
Weihong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Automata Theory ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Granulation Process ◽  
Autotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Abstract Aerobic granular sludge is a kind of microbial polymer formed by self-immobilization under aerobic conditions. It has been widely studied because of its promising application in wastewater treatment. However, the granulation process of aerobic sludge is still a key factor affecting its practical application. In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) multi-species mathematical model of aerobic granular sludge was constructed using the cellular automata (CA) theory. The growth process of aerobic granular sludge and its spatial distribution of microorganisms were studied under different conditions. The simulation results show that the aerobic granules were smaller under high shear stress and that the autotrophic bacterial content of the granular sludge interior was higher. However, the higher the dissolved oxygen concentration, the larger the size of granular sludge and the higher the content of autotrophic bacteria in the interior of the granular sludge. In addition, inhibition of toxic substances made the aerobic granule size increase more slowly, and the spatial distribution of the autotrophic bacteria and the toxic-substance-degrading bacteria were mainly located in the outer layer, with the heterotrophic bacteria mainly existing in the interior of the granular sludge.

Achieving partial denitrification through control of biofilm structure during biofilm growth in denitrifying biofilter

2017 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Cui ◽  
Xiuhong Liu ◽  
Qing Yang ◽  
Jianmin Li ◽  
Xueyang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Biofilm Structure

A Language Shift Simulation Based on Cellular Automata

2011 ◽  
pp. 136-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesc S. Beltran ◽  
Salvador Herrando ◽  
Violant Estreder ◽  
Doris Ferreres ◽  
Marc-Antoni Adell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Automata Theory ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Traditional Language

Language extinction is a widespread social phenomenon affecting several million people throughout the world today. By the end of this century, more than 5100 of the approximately 6000 languages currently spoken around the world will have disappeared. This is mainly because of language shifts, i.e., because a community of speakers stops using their traditional language and speaks a new one in all communication settings. In this study, the authors present the properties of a cellular automaton that incorporates some assumptions from the Gaelic-Arvanitika model of language shifts and the findings on the dynamics of social impacts in the field of social psychology. To assess the cellular automaton, the authors incorporate empirical data from Valencia (a region in Southern Europe), where Catalan speakers are tending to shift towards using Spanish. Running the automaton under different scenarios, the survival or extinction of Catalan in Valencia depends on individuals’ engagement with their language. The authors discuss how a cellular automata theory approach proves to be a useful tool for understanding the language shift.

A study on the effects of the transit parking time on traffic flow based on cellular automata theory

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 048201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Yong-Sheng ◽  
Shi Pei-Ji ◽  
Zeng Qiong ◽  
Ma Chang-Xi ◽  
Lin Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Automata Theory

scholarly journals Spread of Infectious Disease Modeling and Analysis of Different Factors on Spread of Infectious Disease Based on Cellular Automata

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Bin ◽  
Gengxin Sun ◽  
Chih-Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Automata Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Influenza A H1n1

Infectious diseases are an important cause of human death. The study of the pathogenesis, spread regularity, and development trend of infectious diseases not only provides a theoretical basis for future research on infectious diseases, but also has practical guiding significance for the prevention and control of their spread. In this paper, a controlled differential equation and an objective function of infectious diseases were established by mathematical modeling. Based on cellular automata theory and a compartmental model, the SLIRDS (Susceptible-Latent-Infected-Recovered-Dead-Susceptible) model was constructed, a model which can better reflect the actual infectious process of infectious diseases. Considering the spread of disease in different populations, the model combines population density, sex ratio, and age structure to set the evolution rules of the model. Finally, on the basis of the SLIRDS model, the complex spread process of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) was simulated. The simulation results are similar to the macroscopic characteristics of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in real life, thus the accuracy and rationality of the SLIRDS model are confirmed.

CFD Study of an Autonomous Submarine in Extraterrestrial Seas

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Carberry Mogan ◽  
P. Sawicki ◽  
C. J. Bernardo ◽  
D. Chen ◽  
I. Sahin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

A computational study is conducted to evaluate the performance of an extraterrestrial submarine operating in the liquid hydrocarbon seas of Saturn’s largest moon, Titan. To simulate the flow around the submarine and offer a prediction for thrust and power requirements, Computational Fluid Dynamics tools, ANSYS© FLUENT© and DualSPHysics, are utilized for the deeply submerged and near-surface conditions, respectively. Several operational scenarios are investigated and comparisons are made with other available results with a good qualitative and quantitative agreement.

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