scholarly journals Sustainable Environmental Management and Valorization Options for Olive Mill Byproducts in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 671
Author(s):  
Adnan Khdair ◽  
Ghaida Abu-Rumman
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Important Benefit ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Olive Mill

Cultivation of olive trees and olive oil production have been considered as a legacy for the Mediterranean region. This custom represents a very important benefit for many nations in terms of wealth and health. However, huge amounts of by-products and waste are generated during olive oil production. This represents a serious environmental impact on land and water bodies if not properly handled. Olive oil extraction generates two waste streams, a solid waste called pomace and olive mill wastewater (OMWW), which has been considered as highly pollutant and phytotoxic waste. These wastes have high disposal costs and predominantly generated from small-scale enterprises that have limited financial resources to treat them properly before discharge to the environment. Besides being a serious environmental problem, OMWW has potential economic value that remains to be utilized such as: fertilizers, valuable antioxidants agents and fatty acids needed in human diet. Also, Olive pomace is a valuable renewable energy source with an energy density of 23 MJ/kg and has become an inexpensive alternative for fossil fuels. Aiming at adding value to the olive production sectors and potential valorization options for byproducts in the MENA region, international practices applied in olive mills wastes management’s and treatment methods used in major oil producing countries are presented.

scholarly journals Intergraded Applied Methodology for the Treatment of Heavy Polluted Waste Waters from Olive Oil Industries

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonis A. Zorpas ◽  
Vassilis J. Inglezakis
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewater ◽  
Fenton Process ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Warm Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Olive Mill

The annual olive oil production in Cyprus is in the range of 2700–3100 t y−1, resulting in the generation of significant amount of waste. The cocomposting of the olive oil solid residue (OOSR) and the treated wastewaters (with Fenton) from the olive oil production process with the application of reed beds has been studied as an integrated method for the treatment of wastewater containing high organic and toxic pollutants under warm climate conditions. The experimental results indicated that the olive mill wastewater (OMW) is detoxified at the end of the Fenton process. Specifically, COD is reduced up to 65% (minimum 54.32%) by the application of Fenton and another 10–28% by the application of red beds as a third stage. The final cocomposted material of OOSR with the treated olive mile wastewater (TOMW) presents optimum characteristics and is suitable for agricultural purpose.

Olive tree survival and adaptation to the harsh growing conditions in the arid desert environment of the Negev Highlands, Southern Israel

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Eli Ashkenazi ◽  
Yona Chen ◽  
Yoav Avni
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Tree Survival ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Arid Desert ◽  
Growing Conditions

Twenty-three olive trees were found to grow in traditional orchard sites in the Negev Highlands desert, southern Israel. Their location was marked on maps, and their growth, morphology, biology, preservation and survival was monitored. Some of them are presently maintained by the Bedouin population of the Negev, whereas others seemed to have survived from earlier periods. The average annual rainfall in this region is 90–130 mm. Most of the orchards were deliberately planted in pre-existing agricultural plots, built during the Byzantine and Early Muslim era (3rd–8th centuries CE). They were irrigated by harvesting runoff water. The Byzantine era was the most populated period in the Negev Highlands, when wine and olive oil were the main horticultural products. A variety of domesticated fruit trees are found in the present abandoned orchards: olive, fig, grapevine, pomegranate, almond, date palm, carob, pistachio and bitter orange. The trees have not been artificially irrigated for at least seven decades. Nevertheless, most of them continue to flourish and bear fruit. We focused on understanding the abandoned olive trees’ survival and adaptation mechanisms. Olive trees growing was a favorite crop to Byzantine farmers due to the significant economic value of olive oil and good adaptation to the environmental conditions in the Negev Highlands.

scholarly journals 2-Fazlı Zeytin Pirinasının Değerlendirilmesinde Kurutmanın Önemi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Ulaş Baysan ◽  
Mehmet Koç ◽  
Figen Ertekin
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Olive Mill Waste ◽  
Olive Mill Waste Water ◽  
Mill Waste ◽  
Olive Mill

With starting healthy consumption awareness in people throughout world, olive oil demand has increased and it is expected that this demand will increase day by day. As a result of increase in the demand for olive oil, the rise in amount of olive pomace that emerges after olive oil production is evident. The differences in olive oil production methods result in varied wastes in terms of property and quantity. Olive mill waste water and olive pomace possessing 35-40% moisture come out in 3-phase system while only olive pomace possessing 60-70% moisture comes out in 2-phase system. The quantity and pollution degree of waste water coming out in 3-phase system are considerably high from 2-phase system. Recycling of 2-phase olive pomace containing also olive mill waste water, which is highly harmful for environment and is generally discharged to nature without any treatment, is considerably important by processing. This review gives information about the necessity of drying of olive pomace and related studies with this subject.

scholarly journals Increasing Access to Electricity: An Assessment of the Energy and Power Generation Potential from Biomass Waste Residues in Tanzania

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1793
Author(s):  
Zahida Aslam ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
James Hammerton ◽  
Gordon Andrews ◽  
Andrew Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Diesel Generators

Tanzania has a high rural population, of which many rely on off-grid diesel generators to produce electricity. The focus of this paper is to assess if the waste biomass residues in Tanzania have sufficient energy potential to produce renewable electrical energy for small-scale electricity generation using off-grid diesel generators coupled with anaerobic digestion (AD) and/or gasification. The gaseous fuel produced can then be used to substitute diesel fuel used in small-scale dual fuel diesel gen-sets; thus, providing more affordable electricity whilst reducing dependency on fossil fuels. The biomass waste streams estimated are those arising from agriculture, forestry, livestock, and urban human waste. To answer this question, the energy potentials of each of these biomass waste streams are quantified, followed by further calculations to determine the electricity generation capacity per stream based on overall efficiencies of 10 and 25%. The results show that combined these waste streams have an energy potential of 385 PJ (for the base year of 2018) generated from 26,924 kilotonnes (kt). Collectively, these residues can produce at least 1.2 times the electricity generated nationally in 2018 using AD and gasification coupled with a diesel gen-set engine.

Antioxidant and Biological Activities of Hydroxytyrosol and Homovanillic Alcohol Obtained from Olive Mill Wastewaters of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (52) ◽  
pp. 15428-15439
Author(s):  
Alessandra Ricelli ◽  
Fabio Gionfra ◽  
Zulema Percario ◽  
Martina De Angelis ◽  
Ludovica Primitivo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewaters ◽  
Olive Mill

scholarly journals Effects of Trichoderma Biostimulation on the Phenolic Profile of Extra-Virgin Olive Oil and Olive Oil By-Products

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Dini ◽  
Giulia Graziani ◽  
Francesca Luisa Fedele ◽  
Andrea Sicari ◽  
Francesco Vinale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Phenolic Profile ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Olive Mill Wastewaters ◽  
Q Exactive ◽  
Olive Trees

Olive trees are grown on five continents. Fertilization of fields, pest control management, olive leaves, olive pomaces, and olive mill wastewaters have a substantial environmental impact. It is possible to reduce this problem by using organic products to cultivate and decrease olive oil processing waste by recovering the bioactive molecules. In this work, the effects of biostimulation, with beneficial microbes belonging to the Trichoderma genera, and with Trichoderma secondary metabolites (6PP and the HA) were evaluated on the phenolic profile and the antioxidant potential of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) and olive leaf samples to make them more commercially attractive as a source of phytochemicals useful for the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Phenolics were identified and quantified by a spectrometer method using Q Exactive Orbitrap UHPLC-MS/MS (Ultra High Pressure Liquid Chromatography). Antioxidant activity was evaluated spectrophotometrically by the DPPH test. The use of Trichoderma strains, 6PP (6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone) and HA (Harzianic Acid), was demonstrated as an effective strategy to increase the leaves’ economic value as a source of phytochemicals (flavonoids, lignans, and oleuropein) useful for food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.

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