scholarly journals Bacterial Cellulose as a Versatile Platform for Research and Development of Biomedical Materials

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selestina Gorgieva
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Native Form ◽  
Multifunctional Compounds ◽  
Ultra High Purity ◽  
Cell Affinity

The unique pool of features found in intracellular and extracellular bacterial biopolymers attracts a lot of research, with bacterial cellulose (BC) being one of the most versatile and common. BC is an exopolysaccharide consisting solely of cellulose, and the variation in the production process can vary its shape or even its composition when compounding is applied in situ. Together with ex situ modification pathways, including specialised polymers, particles or exclusively functional groups, BC provides a robust platform that yields complex multifunctional compounds that go far beyond ultra-high purity, intrinsic hydrophilicity, mechanical strength and biocompatibility to introduce bioactive, (pH, thermal, electro) responsive, conductive and ‘smart’ properties. This review summarises the research outcomes in BC-medical applications, focusing mainly on data from the past decade (i.e., 2010–2020), with special emphasis on BC nanocomposites as materials and devices applicable in medicine. The high purity and unique structural/mechanical features, in addition to its capacity to closely adhere to irregular skin surfaces, skin tolerance, and demonstrated efficacy in wound healing, all stand as valuable attributes advantageous in topical drug delivery. Numerous studies prove BC compatibility with various human cells, with modifications even improving cell affinity and viability. Even BC represents a physical barrier that can reduce the penetration of bacteria into the tissue, but in its native form does not exhibit antimicrobial properties, therefore carious modifications have been made or specific compounds added to confer antimicrobial or anti-inflammatory properties. Progress in the use of BC-compounds as wound dressings, vascular grafts, and scaffolds for the treatment of cartilage, bone and osteochondral defects, the role as a basement membrane in blood-brain barrier models and many more are discussed to particular extent, emphasising the need for BC compounding to meet specific requirements.

Potential Applications of Bacterial Cellulose in Environmental and Pharmaceutical Sectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (45) ◽  
pp. 5793-5806
Author(s):  
Mazhar Ul-Islam ◽  
Salman Ul-Islam ◽  
Sumayia Yasir ◽  
Atiya Fatima ◽  
Md. Wasi Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Wide Readership ◽  
Water Filters

Biopolymers and their composites have been extensively investigated in recent years for multiple applications, especially in environmental, medical, and pharmaceutical fields. Bacterial cellulose (BC) has emerged as a novel biomaterial owing to its nontoxic, high-liquid absorbing and holding capacity, drug-carrying ability, and pollutant absorbing features. Additionally, its web-shaped three-dimensional (3D) structure and hydrogen bonding sites have incited a combination of various nanoparticles, polymers, and other materials with BC in the form of composites. Such BC-based composites have been developed through in-situ, ex-situ, and solution casting methods for targeted applications, such as air and water filters, controlled drug delivery systems, wound dressing materials, and tissue regeneration. This review details the production and development of BCbased composites with different materials and by various methods. It further describes various applications of BC-based composites in the environmental and pharmaceutical sectors, with specific examples from the recent literature. This review could potentially appeal a wide readership in these two emerging fields, where novel and advanced materials for different applications have been developed on a regular basis using BC as the base material.

scholarly journals In Situ and Ex Situ Designed Hydroxyapatite: Bacterial Cellulose Materials with Biomedical Applications

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4793
Author(s):  
Adrian Ionut Nicoara ◽  
Alexandra Elena Stoica ◽  
Denisa-Ionela Ene ◽  
Bogdan Stefan Vasile ◽  
Alina Maria Holban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Coprecipitation Method ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Degradation Rates

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and bacterial cellulose (BC) composite materials represent a promising approach for tissue engineering due to their excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity. This paper presents the synthesis and characterization of two types of materials based on HAp and BC, with antibacterial properties provided by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The composite materials were obtained following two routes: (1) HAp was obtained in situ directly in the BC matrix containing different amounts of AgNPs by the coprecipitation method, and (2) HAp was first obtained separately using the coprecipitation method, then combined with BC containing different amounts of AgNPs by ultrasound exposure. The obtained materials were characterized by means of XRD, SEM, and FT-IR, while their antimicrobial effect was evaluated against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus), and yeast (Candida albicans). The results demonstrated that the obtained composite materials were characterized by a homogenous porous structure and high water absorption capacity (more than 1000% w/w). These materials also possessed low degradation rates (<5% in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 °C) and considerable antimicrobial effect due to silver nanoparticles (10–70 nm) embedded in the polymer matrix. These properties could be finetuned by adjusting the content of AgNPs and the synthesis route. The samples prepared using the in situ route had a wider porosity range and better homogeneity.

In situ preparation of bacterial cellulose with antimicrobial properties from bioconversion of mulberry leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinbo Chen ◽  
Chuntao Chen ◽  
Guangyun Liang ◽  
Xunran Xu ◽  
Qingli Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
In Situ Preparation

scholarly journals Bioactive 3D-Shaped Wound Dressings Synthesized from Bacterial Cellulose: Effect on Cell Adhesion of Polyvinyl Alcohol Integrated In Situ

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlon Osorio ◽  
Jorge Velásquez-Cock ◽  
Luz Marina Restrepo ◽  
Robín Zuluaga ◽  
Piedad Gañán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Skin Ulcer ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Collagen Fibres ◽  
Bioactive Materials ◽  
Ulcer Treatment

We investigated wound dressing composites comprising fibrils of bacterial cellulose (BC) grown by fermentation in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) followed by physical crosslinking. The reference biointerface, neat BC, favoured adhesion of fibroblasts owing to size exclusion effects. Furthermore, it resisted migration across the biomaterial. Such effects were minimized in the case of PVA/BC membranes. Therefore, the latter are suggested in cases where cell adhesion is to be avoided, for instance, in the design of interactive wound dressings with facile exudate control. The bioactivity and other properties of the membranes were related to their morphology and structure and considered those of collagen fibres. Bioactive materials were produced by simple 3D templating of BC during growth and proposed for burn and skin ulcer treatment.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Cotton Fabric Functionalized with Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (24) ◽  
pp. 5802
Author(s):  
Luz E. Román ◽  
Enrique D. Gomez ◽  
José L. Solís ◽  
Mónica M. Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cuo Nanoparticles ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Structure And Morphology

Textiles functionalized with cupric oxide (CuO) nanoparticles have become a promising option to prevent the spread of diseases due to their antimicrobial properties, which strongly depend on the structure and morphology of the nanoparticles and the method used for the functionalization process. This article presents a review of work focused on textiles functionalized with CuO nanoparticles, which were classified into two groups, namely, in situ and ex situ. Moreover, the analyzed bacterial strains, the resistance of the antimicrobial properties of textiles to washing processes, and their cytotoxicity were identified. Finally, the possible antimicrobial mechanisms that could develop in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were described.

In situ and ex situ modifications of bacterial cellulose for applications in tissue engineering

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 372-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taisa Regina Stumpf ◽  
Xiuying Yang ◽  
Jingchang Zhang ◽  
Xudong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Ex Situ
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document