scholarly journals A Review of Exergy Based Optimization and Control

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey James ◽  
Tae Young Kim ◽  
Robert Jane
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Exergy Destruction ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
First Law Of Thermodynamics ◽  
Energy Networks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Optimization And Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Future Work ◽  
High Energy Consumption

This work presents a critical review of the use of exergy based control and optimization for efficiency improvements in energy networks, with a background of exergy based analysis given for context. Over the past three decades, a number of studies using exergy were conducted to gain a performance advantage for high energy consumption systems and networks. Due to their complexity and the increased scale of the systems, the opportunity to misuse energy inevitability leads to inefficient operations. The studies accomplished in this area are grouped into either control or optimization to highlight each method’s ability to minimize system irreversibilities that lead to exergy destruction. The exergy based optimization and control studies featured demonstrate substantial improvements (as high as 40%) over traditional methods based on the first law of thermodynamics. This paper reviews the work completed in the area of exergy based optimization and control as of the end of September 2019, outlines the progress made, and identifies specific areas where future work can advance this area of study. A relatively small amount of publications are available compared to other fields, with most work occurring in the area of exergy based multi-objective optimization.

scholarly journals An Innovative Welding Solution For Polymer Films in Packaging: Effect of Process Parameters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Queen Tannous ◽  
Yves Bereaux ◽  
Pierre Mousseau ◽  
Anaïs Barasinski ◽  
Rémi Deterre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Polymer Films ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Rotational Frequency ◽  
Welding Interface ◽  
Optimization And Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Influential Parameters

In this paper, we present an innovative welding process for packaging applications developed by SEALESTER Company. For polymer films, studies have revealed that the welding interface must reach a specific temperature, known as “sealing initiation temperature”, to obtain a sealed joint. In this paper, we will be studying the effect of the process parameters on the evolution of temperature at the welding interface. For this purpose, thermocouples have been placed between the films at different points of the trajectory to measure the temperature evolution. Process parameters and temperature measurements were recorded in each experiment. Results show that the most influential parameters are the temperature and the linear velocity of the tool. Rotational frequency affects the heat distribution on the sealing surface. A minimum pressure must be applied. In conclusion, this new process can produce sealed polymer packages. Future work will consist of studying the quality of obtained seal in addition to optimization and control of the process.

scholarly journals Efficient SMA Actuation—Design and Control Concepts

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Paul Motzki
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Thermal Activation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Innovative Design ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Millisecond Range ◽  
And Control ◽  
High Energy Consumption

The versatility of the form factors of thermal shape memory alloys (SMA) in combination with their unique actuation and sensing abilities allow for the design and construction of innovative multifunctional systems. Despite the considerable number of advantages, such as their exceptional energy density, only a few SMA-based actuator systems are commercially available. One of the main reasons for this is their inefficient thermal activation and the resulting high energy consumption. The efficiency of SMA-based actuator systems can be improved by innovative design and control approaches. In the first part of this paper, the intelligent combination of SMA actuator wires with bi-stable, nonlinear spring elements is described. This combination eliminates the commonly quoted disadvantages of SMAs—slow actuation and energy inefficiency—for a wide range of applications. In particular, two energy-free actuator configurations are realized, which can be applied to any non-proportional actuation tasks. The second approach for the realization of high-speed actuation and energy efficiency is the activation of SMA wires with high voltage pulses, which leads to actuation times in the millisecond range and energy savings of up to 80% in comparison to the suppliers’ recommendations. It is shown that even high AC voltages such as typical mains supplies can be directly used for highly efficient SMA activation.

scholarly journals Nickel Laterite Smelting Processes and Some Examples of Recent Possible Modifications to the Conventional Route

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ender Keskinkilic
Keyword(s):  
Extractive Metallurgy ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
New Developments ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nickel Production ◽  
Removal Of Impurities ◽  
Alternative Processes ◽  
High Energy Consumption

The treatment of laterites has been a research hotspot in extractive metallurgy over the past decades. Industrially, the pyrometallurgical treatment of laterites is mostly accomplished with a well-established method, namely, the rotary kiln–electric arc furnace (RKEF) process, which includes three main operations—calcination, prereduction, and smelting—followed by further refining for the removal of impurities from the raw ferro-nickel. As indicated in many studies of the RKEF process, the major downside of this method is its high energy consumption. Efforts have been made to lower this consumption. Furthermore, several new processes have been proposed. Among these, low-grade ferro-nickel production is regarded as the most widely and industrially used process after traditional RKEF operation. Although not widespread, other alternative processes of industrial scale have been generated since the start of the millennium. Recently, certain innovative processes have been tested either in the laboratory or at pilot-scale. In this paper, a literature review related to the smelting of laterites is made, and an emphasis on new processes and some examples of new developments in the RKEF process are presented.

System-Level Modeling and Parametric Identification of Electric Impact Wrench

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengli Zhang ◽  
J. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Parametric Identification ◽  
System Level ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Dynamic Events ◽  
Spindle Shaft ◽  
Optimization And Control ◽  
Level Model ◽  
System Level Model ◽  
And Control

Electric impact wrench is an important tool used in manufacturing and maintenance services. It has complex mechanism and its operation involves dynamic events occurring at vastly different time scales, which poses challenges for efficient and accurate modeling to facilitate design optimization and control. This investigation establishes a first principle-based, system-level model of a representative impact wrench. The model explicitly incorporates the dynamic flexibility of gear transmission, spindle shaft, and impacting components into the kinematic relations that connect them together. The nonlinear impact and contact events, coupled with the rotational and translational motions of all components, are explicitly analyzed, and systematic parametric identification is performed based on a multi-objective optimization (MOO) approach. The model prediction is correlated with experimental studies.

Energy Saving Drive for Forming Equipments

2010 ◽  
Vol 154-155 ◽  
pp. 701-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Song Sun ◽  
Jian Guo Hu ◽  
Hong Bo Zheng ◽  
Ji Ping He ◽  
Ya Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Ac Servo ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
And Control ◽  
Complex Transmission ◽  
High Energy Consumption

Energy saving in manufacturing is the key to reduce energy consumption of unit GDP. Forming equipments are one of the biggest energy consumers. The basic reason of high energy consumption and low efficiency for current forming equipments is the mismatch between uncontrollable driving characteristics and the variable loads in forming processes. Complex transmission and control mechanisms are needed, wasting a lot of energy. The basic principles of driving were put forward to realize energy saving for forming equipments: faster in virtual strokes, slower in working strokes, stop when idling and recycling excessive energy. The servo driving based on large AC servo motors can make the driving and forming loads match each other well, realizing not only high automation and intelligence, but energy saving greatly as well. Theoretical analysis and experiments showed that by adopting AC servo driving the crank presses, hydraulic presses and screw presses could get the energy saving results of 25-70%.

scholarly journals Study on the slagging of biomass briquette combustion

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 03035
Author(s):  
Ren Xiaoping ◽  
Liu Fang ◽  
Tang Xintong ◽  
Sun Xiaoting ◽  
Yang jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Industrial Boilers ◽  
And Control ◽  
High Energy Consumption ◽  
Large Output

China’s coal-fired industrial boilers are characterized by high energy consumption, serious pollution, and large output of biomass briquette, which is a clean and high-quality alternative fuel to coal. However, there are serious slagging problems in combustion. Taking straw briquette as an example, this paper introduces its combustion characteristics, studies its slagging mechanism, slagging influencing factors, etc., reveals the slagging problems in essence, and provides theoretical basis for the prevention and control of slagging.

scholarly journals Actuation Mechanism of Microvalves: A Review

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Yuan Qian ◽  
Cong-Wei Hou ◽  
Xiao-Juan Li ◽  
Zhi-Jiang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Actuation Mechanism ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Energy Consumption

The microvalve is one of the most important components in microfluidics. With decades of development, the microvalve has been widely used in many industries such as life science, chemical engineering, chip, and so forth. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the progress made over the past years about microvalves based on different actuation mechanisms. According to driving sources, plenty of actuation mechanisms are developed and adopted in microvalves, including electricity, magnetism, gas, material and creature, surface acoustic wave, and so on. Although there are currently a variety of microvalves, problems such as leakage, low precision, poor reliability, high energy consumption, and high cost still exist. Problems deserving to be further addressed are suggested, aimed at materials, fabrication methods, controlling performances, flow characteristics, and applications.

The Discussion on the Application of the Electrical Construction Technology of Prefabricated Buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Guoxiu Cao
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Lightning Protection ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
High Energy Consumption

The acceleration of the development of economy and the construction of urbanization has promoted the development of the construction industry, and the construction technology of various construction projects has been continuously innovated. In the past, the building construction often suffered from disadvantages such as high energy consumption and generating large amounts of garbage. Modern construction techniques are actively improving these problems. Prefabricated construction techniques are widely used in the building construction, such as electrical pipeline construction, which makes electrical engineering construction more convenient and environmentally friendly. This paper mainly discusses the construction application of prefabricated electricity in the construction from the aspects of pipeline embedment, lightning protection grounding, the position of electric boxes and so on.

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