scholarly journals RF-ICP Thermal Plasma for Thermoplastic Waste Pyrolysis Process with High Conversion Yield and Tar Elimination

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aboughaly ◽  
Hossam A. Gabbar ◽  
Vahid Damideh ◽  
Isaac Hassen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Plasma Generator ◽  
Feedback Controller ◽  
Conversion Yield ◽  
Hydrocarbon Liquid ◽  
Experimental Apparatus ◽  
Rf Thermal Plasma

This paper demonstrates an RF thermal plasma pyrolysis reaction apparatus that achieves 89 wt.% reaction conversion yield with no tar content. The demonstrated experimental apparatus consists of a 1100 W RFVII Inc. (104 Church St, Newfield, NJ 08344, United States) @ 13.56 MHz RF thermal plasma generator, a Navio matching network, intelligent feedback controller, and an 8-turn copper RF-ICP torch embedded in a 12 L thermochemical reactor. The intelligent feedback controller optimizes the thermal performance based on feedback signals from three online gas analyzers: CO, CO2 and NOx. The feedback controller output signal controls the RF thermal plasma torch current that provides real-time temperature control. The proposed reaction system achieves precise temperature profiles for both pyrolysis and gasification as well as increases end-product yield and eliminates undesired products such as tar and char. The identified hydrocarbon liquid mixture is 90 wt.% gasoline and 10 wt.%. diesel. The 8-turn RF-ICP thermal plasma torch has an average heating rate of +35 °C/min and a maximum operating temperature of 2000 °C and is able to sustain stable flame for more than 30 min. The reaction operating parameters are (550–990 °C τ = 30 min for pyrolysis and (1300 °C τ = 1 sec) for the gasification process. The identified hydrocarbon liquid products are 90 wt.% of a n-butyl-benzene (C6H5C4H9) and oluene (C7H8) mixture with less than 10 wt.% decane diesel fuel (C10 H22). Comsol simulation is used to assess the RF-ICP thermal plasma torch’s thermal performance.

scholarly journals In-flight Synthesis of Nanosized ZrC Particles from Various Precursors in RF Thermal Plasma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Martiz ◽  
Zoltán Károly ◽  
Eszter Bódis ◽  
Péter Fazekas ◽  
Miklós Mohai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Rf Thermal Plasma

Synthesis of zirconium carbide (ZrC) powder was investigated applying a non-conventional atmospheric radiofrequency (RF) thermal plasma process. In one case, zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) was reacted with solid carbon or with methane with varying molar ratio. In the other, zirconium-propoxide (NZP), containing both constituents, was thermally decomposed in the Ar plasma. Temperature-dependent thermodynamic analysis was performed in the 500-5500 K temperature range to estimate the formation of possible equilibrium products for each reaction stoichiometry. Broad temperature range exists for the stability of solid ZrC for each explored reaction system. In accordance with this prediction, X-ray diffraction studies detected the ZrC as the major phase in all the prepared powders. The yield of particular runs ranged from 39 % to 98 %. Practically, full conversion was typical for the case of NZP precursor, however only partial conversion could be detected in ZrO2 reactions. The average particle size of the powders falls between 10 nm and 100 nm depending on the type of the reaction systems (either calculated from the specific surface area or derived from broadening the XRD reflections). The transmission electron micrographs indicated mostly globular shape of the nanosize particles. Quantitative analysis of the surface of the powders by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the presence of oxygen and carbon. Evaluating the spectra of the powders prepared from NZP, and taking in the account its spherical shape, a ZrC core covered by a very thin (≈1.0 nm) ZrO2 layer may be accounted for the measured oxygen and a thicker carbonaceous layer.

The study of nano particles fabrications using the RF thermal plasma torch

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Hang Lee ◽  
Myung-Sun Shin ◽  
Sun-Yong Choi ◽  
Seok-Kyun Song ◽  
Seong-In Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Rf Thermal Plasma

scholarly journals Synthesis of High Crystalline Al-Doped ZnO Nanopowders from Al2O3and ZnO by Radio-Frequency Thermal Plasma

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Min-Kyeong Song ◽  
Mi-Yeon Lee ◽  
Jun-Ho Seo ◽  
Min-Ho Kim ◽  
Shi-Young Yang
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Nanocrystalline Structures ◽  
Rf Thermal Plasma ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Xrd Patterns

High crystalline Al-doped ZnO (AZO) nanopowders were prepared by in-flight treatment of ZnO and Al2O3in Radio-Frequency (RF) thermal plasma. Micron-sized (~1 μm) ZnO and Al2O3powders were mixed at Al/Zn ratios of 3.3 and 6.7 at.% and then injected into the RF thermal plasma torch along the centerline at a feeding rate of 6.6 g/min. The RF thermal plasma torch system was operated at the plate power level of ~140 kVA to evaporate the mixture oxides and the resultant vapor species were condensed into solid particles by the high flow rate of quenching gas (~7000 slpm). The FE-SEM images of the as-treated powders showed that the multipod shaped and the whisker type nanoparticles were mainly synthesized. In addition, these nanocrystalline structures were confirmed as the single phase AZO nanopowders with the hexagonal wurtzite ZnO structure by the XRD patterns and FE-TEM results with the SAED image. However, the composition changes of 0.3 and 1.0 at.% were checked for the as-synthesized AZO nanopowders at Al/Zn ratios of 3.3 and 6.7 at.%, respectively, by the XRF data, which can require the adjustment of Al/Zn in the mixture precursors for the applications of high Al doping concentrations.

scholarly journals Development of 80 kW RF Thermal Plasma Torch System for Mass Production and Research of Si Nano-Powder Manufacturing Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok-Kyun Song ◽  
Byungkoo Son ◽  
Byunghoon Kim ◽  
Moonwon Lee ◽  
Myungsun Sin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Nano Powder ◽  
Rf Thermal Plasma ◽  
Powder Manufacturing

Influence of Carbon Concentration and Rotational Temperature on Fullerene Yield in RF Reactor

2006 ◽  
Vol 518 ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
B. Todorović-Marković ◽  
Z. Marković ◽  
I. Mohai ◽  
Z.M. Nikolić ◽  
Z. Farkas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Rotational Temperature ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Paper Report ◽  
Plasma Flame ◽  
Fullerene Formation ◽  
Rf Thermal Plasma ◽  
Different Parts

In this paper, report on fullerene formation in a radio-frequency (RF) thermal plasma reactor has been presented. In order to determine the degree of evaporation of the graphite precursor used, analysis of SEM micrographs of deposited soot in different parts of RF reactor has been made. It was found that the degree of graphite evaporation and fullerene yield varied depending on the distance from the plasma torch nozzle. Carbon concentration and rotational temperature of C2 radicals in plasma flame have been calculated as well. The concentration of C2 radicals in plasma flame, which participated in fullerene formation, was in the range of (1.75-3.88)×1020 m-3.

scholarly journals One-step Synthesis of Magnetic Metal-ceramic Core-shell Nanoparticles by RF Thermal Plasma

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keitaro Nakamura ◽  
Akihiro Kinoshita ◽  
Shu Watanabe ◽  
Naohito Uemura ◽  
Kiyoshi Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Ceramic Core ◽  
Shell Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Metal ◽  
Metal Ceramic ◽  
One Step ◽  
Rf Thermal Plasma ◽  
Core Shell Nanoparticles

Effective degradation of organic water pollutants by atmospheric non-thermal plasma torch and analysis of degradation process

Chemosphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 396-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash S. Bansode ◽  
Supriya E. More ◽  
Ejaz Ahmad Siddiqui ◽  
Shruti Satpute ◽  
Absar Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Water Pollutants ◽  
Non Thermal Plasma

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE AND VELOCITY PROFILES INSIDE AND OUTSIDE OF A DC THERMAL PLASMA TORCH

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akash Yadav ◽  
Mayank Kumar ◽  
Satyananda Kar ◽  
Sujay Karmakar ◽  
Nitin B Lal
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Thermal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Torch ◽  
Velocity Profiles
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