scholarly journals Sustainable Design and Engineering: A Relationship Analysis between Digital Destructive and Non-Destructive Testing Process for Lightweight Concrete

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ahmed Qurashi ◽  
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah ◽  
Muhammad Farhan ◽  
Muhammad Taufiq ◽  
Waleed Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Lightweight Materials ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Non Destructive

The development of sustainable lightweight materials is a promising field solution in this era. The production of sustainable materials by replacing coarse aggregates with some lightweight alternative provides a good quality construction material. In this study, rocky coarse aggregates were replaced by an ultra-lightweight material (i.e., expanded polystyrene beads) to produce an equivalent rock-solid mass of concrete. Using an M15 grade of concrete composition, expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads were added in place of aggregates in amounts ranging from 5% to 40% at a water–cement (w/c) ratio of 0.60. The specimen size as per American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification was 150 mm in diameter and 300 mm in length. Furthermore, statistical analysis for the relationship study for destructive testing (DT) (i.e., compressive test machine) and non-destructive testing (NDT) (i.e., rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV)) has been performed at developed specimens under 7- and 28-day curing conditions. In the end, the results showed that NDT predicts higher compressive strength than that of DT with the addition of EPS beads up to 20% aggregate replacement, after that it is vice versa for up to 40% aggregate replacement. This study will not only help in the production of sustainable lightweight materials, but especially concrete block production can also be performed at a large scale as a sustainable engineering solution.

STUDY OF HOMOGENEITY, POROSITY AND INTERNAL DEFECTS IN AERATED AND EPS AGGREGATE POLY BRICKS USING NEUTRON RADIOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1428-1439
Author(s):  
Khurshed Alam ◽  
Md. Sayeedur Rahman ◽  
Md. Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
S. M. Azaharul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Optical Density ◽  
Neutron Radiography ◽  
Density Variation ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Internal Defects ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Non Destructive

A powerful non-destructive testing (NDT) technique is adopted to study the internal defects and elemental distribution/homogeneity and porosity of aerated brick and EPS aggregate poly brick samples. In the present study the internal defects like homogeneity, porosity, elemental distribution, EPS aggregate and aerator distributor in the test samples have been observed by the measurement of gray value/optical density of the neutron radiographic images of these samples. From this measurement it is found that the neutron intensity/optical density variation with the pixel distance of the AOI of the NR images in both expanded polystyrene (EPS) aggregate poly brick and aerated brick samples comply almost same in nature with respect to the whole AOI but individually each AOI shows different nature from one AOI to another and it confirms that the elemental distribution within a AOI is almost homogeneous. Finally it was concluded that homogeneity, elemental distribution in the EPS aggregate poly brick sample is better than that of the aerated brick sample. 

Non-destructive testing of aerospace composite materials using digital shearography

1998 ◽  
Vol 212 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Steinchen ◽  
L Yang ◽  
G Kupfer ◽  
P Mäckel
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Laser Interferometry ◽  
Honeycomb Structure ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Digital Imaging Processing ◽  
Non Destructive

Digital shearography, a laser interferometry technique in conjunction with the digital imaging processing, has the potential for identifying defects both in small- and large-scale structures. This paper will focus on the recent development of digital shearography for non-destructive testing (NDT). With the improvement of the measuring methods and the development of a small and mobile measuring device in conjunction with a user-guided program, Shearwin, this laser inspection technique can be used easily in the environment of fieldwork. A few examples show its application in the aerospace industry for NDT of composites, e.g. GLARE panel, honeycomb structure and glass (or carbon)-fibre-reinforced plastics, etc.

Techniques of Non-Destructive Testing of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete

2017 ◽  
Vol 755 ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Zezulová ◽  
Tereza Komárková
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Steel Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Measurement Devices ◽  
Non Destructive

Non-destructive testing (NDT) is seeing increasingly frequent use in civil engineering thanks to the fact that the tests are repeatable and do not cause serious damage to the material. The requirements for the development and modernization of available testing devices and methodologies are ever increasing and the testing of existing structures often requires the use of NDT. Unfortunately, every measurement and methodology has its limits and the measurement devices for the evaluation of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) are no exception. In recent decades there has been an effort to modernize and develop existing measurement devices for SFRC testing. This building material is commonly used especially in large-scale structures. Nevertheless, the technology of SFRC could seem complicated when compared with ordinary concrete and the very nature of this composite material could lead to SFRC inhomogeneity during construction. This paper describes the assessment of SFRC by more or less available methodologies and measurements utilizing non-destructive principles.

Data augmentation by CycleGAN-based extra-supervised for non-destructive testing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangshan Ai ◽  
Lulu Tian ◽  
Libing Bai ◽  
Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract Deep learning method is widely used in computer vision tasks with large scale annotated datasets. However, it is a big challenge to obtain such datasets in most directions of the vision based non-destructive testing (NDT) field. Data augmentation is proved as an efficient way in dealing with the lack of large-scale annotated datasets. In this paper, we propose CycleGAN-based extra-supervised (CycleGAN-ES) to generate synthetic NDT images, where the ES is used to ensure that the bidirectional mapping are learned for corresponding label and defect. Furthermore, we show the effectiveness of using the synthesized images to train deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) for defects recognition. In the experiments, we extract numbers of X-ray welding images with both defect and no-defect from the published GDXray dataset, CycleGAN-ES are used to generate the synthetic defect images based on a small number of extracted defect images and manually drawn labels which are used as a content guide. For quality verification of the synthesized defect images, we use a high-performance classifier pre-trained using big dataset to recognize the synthetic defects and show comparability of the performances of classifiers trained using synthetic defects and real defects respectively. To present the effectiveness of using the synthesized defects as an augmentation method, we train and evaluate the performances of DCNN for defects recognition with or without the synthesized defects.

scholarly journals Accuracy of Eddy-Current and Radar Methods Used in Reinforcement Detection

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Drobiec ◽  
Radosław Jasiński ◽  
Wojciech Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Close Spacing ◽  
Design Resistance ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Destructive

This article presents results from non-destructive testing (NDT) that referred to the location and diameter or rebars in beam and slab members. The aim of paper was to demonstrate that the accuracy and deviations of the NDT methods could be higher than the allowable execution or standard deviations. Tests were conducted on autoclaved aerated concrete beam and nine specimens that were specially prepared from lightweight concrete. The most advanced instruments that were available on the market were used to perform tests. They included two electromagnetic scanners and one ground penetrating radar (GPR). The testing equipment was used to analyse how the rebar (cover) location affected the detection of their diameters and how their mutual spacing influenced the detected quantity of rebars. The considerations included the impact of rebar depth on cover measurements and the spread of obtained results. Tests indicated that the measurement error was clearly greater when the rebars were located at very low or high depths. It could lead to the improper interpretation of test results, and consequently to the incorrect estimation of the structure safety based on the design resistance analysis. Electromagnetic and radar devices were unreliable while detecting the reinforcement of small (8 and 10 mm) diameters at close spacing (up to 20 mm) and of large (20 mm) diameters at a close spacing and greater depths. Recommendations for practical applications were developed to facilitate the evaluation of a structure.

scholarly journals A Weighted Estimation Algorithm for Enhancing Pulsed Eddy Current Infrared Image in Ecpt Non-Destructive Testing

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanchao Li ◽  
Yating Yu ◽  
Linfeng Li ◽  
Bowen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Infrared Image ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Pulsed Eddy Current ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Weighted Estimation

Non-destructive testing (NDT) plays a crucial role in large scale industrial production such as in the nuclear industry and bridge structures where even a small crack can lead to severe accidents. The pulsed eddy current infrared thermography testing method, as a classic non-destructive testing technology, is proposed to detect cracks in the presence of excitation sources that cause temperature changes in the vicinity of defects, which is higher than normal area. However, in the vicinity of the excitation sources, the temperature is higher than normal even if there is no defect. Traditional infrared image enhancing algorithms do not work efficiently when processing infrared images because the colors in the images represent the temperature. To address this, a novel algorithm is proposed in this paper. A weighted estimation algorithm is proposed because each pixel value has a strong relationship with its neighboring pixels. The value of each pixel is determined by calculating the values of its neighboring pixels with a specific step-size and the correlation coefficients between them. These coefficients are obtained by calculating the differences between the pixels. The experimental results indicated that the outline of the welding defect became significantly clearer after being processed using the proposed algorithm, which can eliminate the errors caused by the excitation source.

METALWORKING – 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
V. I. Matveev
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
International Exhibition ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Geometric Shapes ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Non Destructive

The article summarizes the main results of the large-scale international exhibition "Metalworking 2021". Machine tool construction and metalworking technologies have reached a new modern level, based on the automation of production and the use of measurement technologies in the process of manufacturing parts of complex geometric shapes. Brief information about companies specializing in measurement technologies and non-destructive testing of finished products is provided.

Geophysical investigations of medieval paintings at St. Petri Cathedral Schleswig (Germany) with georadar and thermography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunus Esel ◽  
Ercan Erkul ◽  
Detlef Schulte-Kortnack ◽  
Christian Leonhardt ◽  
Thomas Meier
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Complex Building ◽  
Test Treatments ◽  
Non Destructive

<p>The preservation of culturally significant buildings is challenging due to the variety of historical building materials, the often complex building history and damage patterns. It is usually associated with high financial costs. Non-destructive testing may help to plan, optimize, and monitor conservation measures. Here, we report on non-destructive testing of moisture distribution at the Cathedral St. Petri in Schleswig (Germany) using thermography and georadar measurements.  These methods are standard methods in engineering geology and construction. In the field of heritage conservation, however, the application and especially the combination of several of these methods is not yet established.</p><p>The walls of the ‘Schwahl’ (a three-sided cloister) show medieval paintings from the 14th century. In the Schwahl, large-scale alterations occur due to gypsum deposits and a shellac coating.   Active thermography measurements were taken before and after test treatments to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of different solvents to remove the shellac and the gypsum deposits. Passive thermography and georadar measurements indicate increased moisture content in the area of the gypsum deposits likely caused by a permeable horizontal sealing barrier below the paintings. Examples of the measurements are shown and the processing of the thermography and georadar measurements including the attenuation analysis are discussed.</p>

Detecting the Defects in Concrete Components with Impact-Echo Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 577 ◽  
pp. 1114-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Jun Xie ◽  
Xiao Yu He ◽  
Yu Shan He ◽  
Jia Hui Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
Non Destructive Testing ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Impact Echo ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Impact Echo Method

With the large-scale application of the prestressed concrete structure, the quality of the concrete component defects and pipeline grouting has increasingly become the focus of attention. The impact-echo scanner uses the nature of wave, which pass though different media at different velocities, to distinguish internal defects of concrete, pipe filling density and so on. In this paper, using the impact-echo method to detect the concrete block with prefabricated defects of shape, location, and size explores the effect of defect properties, parameter settings and detection environment to impact-echo preliminarily and also explores the relationship of pipeline filling status and impact-echo image. Based on this study, the article raised the problem met during this non-destructive testing methods applied to engineering, and accumulated a certain amount of available engineering data. The experiment results show that using the impact-echo method to identify the defects of concrete components and to test the quality of pipeline grouting is a more convenient and effective non-destructive testing method. Especially, with the radar method in the pipeline grouting quality inspection which complement each other to make up for the shortcomings the lightning wave in case of the metal medium total reflection phenomenon, cannot detect metal pipe grouting plumpness.

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