scholarly journals Nanoemulsions: Factory for Food, Pharmaceutical and Cosmetics

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Azrini Nadiha Azmi ◽  
Amal A. M. Elgharbawy ◽  
Shiva Rezaei Motlagh ◽  
Nurhusna Samsudin ◽  
Hamzah Mohd. Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Phase Inversion ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Methods ◽  
High Pressure Homogenization ◽  
Spontaneous Emulsification ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Nanotechnology, particularly nanoemulsions (NEs), have gained increasing interest from researchers throughout the years. The small-sized droplet with a high surface area makes NEs important in many industries. In this review article, the components, properties, formation, and applications are summarized. The advantages and disadvantages are also described in this article. The formation of the nanosized emulsion can be divided into two types: high and low energy methods. In high energy methods, high-pressure homogenization, microfluidization, and ultrasonic emulsification are described thoroughly. Spontaneous emulsification, phase inversion temperature (PIT), phase inversion composition (PIC), and the less known D-phase emulsification (DPE) methods are emphasized in low energy methods. The applications of NEs are described in three main areas which are food, cosmetics, and drug delivery.

Fabrication of the narrow size nano curcuminoids emulsion by combining phase inversion temperature and ultrasonication: preparation and bioactivity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang Hieu Tran ◽  
Thuy Thanh Ho ◽  
Tu Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Method ◽  
Phase Inversion ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Inversion Temperature ◽  
Comprehensive Study ◽  
Phase Inversion Temperature

A comprehensive study from Curcuma longa to powder nano curcuminoids has been carried out. Combining of both low energy method (Phase Inversion Temperature) and high-energy method (Ultrasonication), a series of...

scholarly journals Liquid Phase Synthesis of CoP Nanoparticles with High Electrical Conductivity for Advanced Energy Storage

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Qun Zhang ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Mao-Cheng Liu ◽  
Shang-Ke Yuan ◽  
Leng-Yuan Niu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Current Density ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Energy Storage Materials

Transition metal phosphide alloys possess the metalloid characteristics and superior electrical conductivity and are a kind of high electrical conductive pseudocapacitive materials. Herein, high electrical conductive cobalt phosphide alloys are fabricated through a liquid phase process and a nanoparticles structure with high surface area is obtained. The highest specific capacitance of 286 F g−1 is reached at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. 63.4% of the specific capacitance is retained when the current density increased 16 times and 98.5% of the specific capacitance is maintained after 5000 cycles. The AC//CoP asymmetric supercapacitor also shows a high energy density (21.3 Wh kg−1) and excellent stability (97.8% of the specific capacitance is retained after 5000 cycles). The study provides a new strategy for the construction of high-performance energy storage materials by enhancing their intrinsic electrical conductivity.

Supracondylar fractures of the femur

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wingrove T. Jarvis ◽  
Ananda M. Nanu
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Fracture Pattern ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Supracondylar Fractures ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Fractures Of The Femur ◽  
Surgical Option

♦ Supracondylar fractures of the femur are seen in the young (high energy) and the old (low energy). Both groups have their own specific problems♦ The advantages and disadvantages of each surgical option must be considered in relation to the individual patient and their fracture pattern.

Porous Silicas for Enhanced Drug Release

2014 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
Abina M. Crean ◽  
Robert J. Ahern ◽  
Rakesh Dontireddy ◽  
Walid Faisil ◽  
John P. Hanrahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Solid Dispersions ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Porous Silica ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Drug Molecules

Low drug water-solubility is a major challenge to overcome in the development of tablet or capsule dosage forms for a large number of promising drug candidates. Strategies to improve drug solubility and dissolution involve chemical, physical and formulation approaches. An emerging formulation approach to increase drug dissolution and solubility involves the creation of solid dispersions of drug molecules on to a high surface area inorganic carrier, such as porous silica. The combined benefits of a hydrophilic inorganic substrate, increased drug surface area and a high-energy drug form facilitate rapid drug dissolution into aqueous based media and can create supersaturated drug solutions. The work presented provides a brief overview of the silica grades investigated, processes employed to load drugs onto the silica substrates, provide some examples of the ability of silica to enhance drug dissolution and highlight some of the challenges in the development of these novel drug delivery systems.

scholarly journals Dissolution Enhancement of Gliclazide Using pH Change Approach in Presence of Twelve Stabilizers with Various Physico-Chemical Properties

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Talari ◽  
Ali Nokhodchi ◽  
Seyed Abolfazl Mostafavi ◽  
Jaleh Varshosaz
Keyword(s):  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dissolution Enhancement ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Fast Dissolution

Purpose: The micronization using milling process to enhance dissolution rate is extremely inefficient due to a high energy input, and disruptions in the crystal lattice which can cause physical or chemical instability. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to use in situ micronization process through pH change method to produce micron-size gliclazide particles for fast dissolution hence better bioavailability. Methods: Gliclazide was recrystallized in presence of 12 different stabilizers and the effects of each stabilizer on micromeritic behaviors, morphology of microcrystals, dissolution rate and solid state of recrystallized drug particles were investigated. Results: The results showed that recrystallized samples showed faster dissolution rate than untreated gliclazide particles and the fastest dissolution rate was observed for the samples recrystallized in presence of PEG 1500. Some of the recrystallized drug samples in presence of stabilizers dissolved 100% within the first 5 min showing at least 10 times greater dissolution rate than the dissolution rate of untreated gliclazide powders. Micromeritic studies showed that in situ micronization technique via pH change method is able to produce smaller particle size with a high surface area. The results also showed that the type of stabilizer had significant impact on morphology of recrystallized drug particles. The untreated gliclazide is rod or rectangular shape, whereas the crystals produced in presence of stabilizers, depending on the type of stabilizer, were very fine particles with irregular, cubic, rectangular, granular and spherical/modular shape. The results showed that crystallization of gliclazide in presence of stabilizers reduced the crystallinity of the samples as confirmed by XRPD and DSC results. Conclusion: In situ micronization of gliclazide through pH change method can successfully be used to produce micron-sized drug particles to enhance dissolution rate.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Pt-Based Binary and Ternary Alloy Electrocatalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Long Quan ◽  
Phuoc Huu Le
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carbon Supports ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Compact Design

The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is among the most promising alternative energy sources for the near future owing to its advantages of simple construction, compact design, high energy density, and relatively high energy-conversion efficiency. Typically, the electrodes in DMFC is comprised of a Pt-based catalysts supported on great potential of carbon materials such as multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), carbon black (CB), graphene, etc. It is desired to develop an electrode with high surface area, good electrical conductivity and suitable porosity to allow good reactant flux and high stability in the fuel cell environment. This chapter will provide recent advances in Pt-based binary and ternary electrocatalysts on carbon supports for high-performance anodes in DMFC. Through studying the effects of composition-, support-, and shape dependent electrocatalysts, further fundamental understanding and mechanism in the development of anode catalysts for DMFC will be provided in details.

scholarly journals A Review on Nanoemulsions: A Recent Drug Delivery Tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaibhav V Changediya ◽  
Rupalben Jani ◽  
Pradip Kakde
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Droplet Size ◽  
Ostwald Ripening ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Small Droplet ◽  
Spontaneous Emulsification ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Basic Ideas

There is a growing interest for using of nano/sub-micron particles in the technology of pharmaceutical, cosmetic and also food. Especially, this interest has been increasing parallel with better emulsification techniques and stabilization mechanisms. There are two main groups of nanoemulsion preparation methods, namely high-energy and low-energy spontaneous emulsification methods. Preparation processes and components used are significant parameters that affect stability from few hours to years. Problems such as creaming, coalescence sedimentation and flocculation are not concern for nanoemulsions due to their small droplet size. However, the main destabilization mechanism is Ostwald ripening for them. In this paper, a comprehensive review is presented to give basic ideas about nanoemulsions, their preparation methods, and evaluations. Keywords:  Nanoemulsion, preparation methods, evaluation

scholarly journals Cocoon Silk-Derived, Hierarchically Porous Carbon as Anode for Highly Robust Potassium-Ion Hybrid Capacitors

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Luo ◽  
Maoxin Chen ◽  
Jinhui Cao ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Shan Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Void Space ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Discharge Performance ◽  
Hierarchically Porous ◽  
Hybrid Capacitors

AbstractPotassium-ion hybrid capacitors (KIHCs) have attracted increasing research interest because of the virtues of potassium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. The development of KIHCs is subject to the investigation of applicable K+ storage materials which are able to accommodate the relatively large size and high activity of potassium. Here, we report a cocoon silk chemistry strategy to synthesize a hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon (SHPNC). The as-prepared SHPNC with high surface area and rich N-doping not only offers highly efficient channels for the fast transport of electrons and K ions during cycling, but also provides sufficient void space to relieve volume expansion of electrode and improves its stability. Therefore, KIHCs with SHPNC anode and activated carbon cathode afford high energy of 135 Wh kg−1 (calculated based on the total mass of anode and cathode), long lifespan, and ultrafast charge/slow discharge performance. This study defines that the KIHCs show great application prospect in the field of high-performance energy storage devices.

scholarly journals Strongly Anchoring Polysulfides by Hierarchical Fe3O4/C3N4 Nanostructures for Advanced Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soochan Kim ◽  
Simindokht Shirvani-Arani ◽  
Sungsik Choi ◽  
Misuk Cho ◽  
Youngkwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Batteries

AbstractLi–S batteries have attracted considerable interest as next-generation energy storage devices owing to high energy density and the natural abundance of sulfur. However, the practical applications of Li–S batteries are hampered by the shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides (LPS), which results in low cycle stability. Herein, a functional interlayer has been developed to efficiently regulate the LPS and enhance the sulfur utilization using hierarchical nanostructure of C3N4 (t-C3N4) embedded with Fe3O4 nanospheres. t-C3N4 exhibits high surface area and strong anchoring of LPS, and the Fe3O4/t-C3N4 accelerates the anchoring of LPS and improves the electronic pathways. The combination of these materials leads to remarkable battery performance with 400% improvement in a specific capacity and a low capacity decay per cycle of 0.02% at 2 C over 1000 cycles, and stable cycling at 6.4 mg cm−2 for high-sulfur-loading cathode.

scholarly journals Bridging the performance gap between electric double-layer capacitors and batteries with high-energy/high-power carbon nanotube-based electrodes

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (38) ◽  
pp. 14586-14594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Matabosch Coromina ◽  
Beatrice Adeniran ◽  
Robert Mokaya ◽  
Darren A. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
Electric Double Layer ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Performance Gap ◽  
Double Layer Capacitors

The energy/power density of EDLCs containing high surface area carbon nanotube-based electrodes bridges the performance gap between conventional EDLCs and batteries.

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