Concept of Designing Thermal Condition Monitoring System with ZigBee/GSM Communication Link for Distributed Energy Resources Network in Rural and Remote Applications

Payne;  Lu;  Wang;  Wu

doi:10.3390/pr7060383

Concept of Designing Thermal Condition Monitoring System with ZigBee/GSM Communication Link for Distributed Energy Resources Network in Rural and Remote Applications

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr7060383 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 383 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Payne ◽

Lu ◽

Wang ◽

Keyword(s):

Data Storage ◽

Mobile Communications ◽

Electrical Power ◽

Thermal Conditions ◽

Energy Resources ◽

Distributed Energy Resources ◽

Communication Link ◽

Distributed Energy ◽

Rural And Remote ◽

Integrated Network

Monitoring the thermal behavior of distributed energy resources (DERs) network explores the dualism between thermal effects and electrical power flow. This paper proposes a design concept that monitors thermal conditions of DER grids, using ZigBee/GSM wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for real-time monitoring in rural and remote areas. The concept seeks to improve upon existing designs by integrating composite functions. The functions comprise temperature conditions monitoring, data acquisition, and wireless data transmission including data storage and abnormal conditions alert/notification for control solutions. Thus, the concept determines the thermal impact on the DERs integrated network. WSNs with temperature sensors LM35 are utilized to complement ZigBee and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) technologies as a communication assisted link. Temperatures are measured from solar Photovoltaic PV modules, wind turbine, distribution cables, protection control units, and energy storage facilities. The ATMEGA328P microcontroller is assigned for signal and control processing. The circuit performance is coordinated and displayed on an LCD screen for normal conditions, whereas abnormal scenarios communicate through an alert/notification by GSM Short Message Service (SMS) protocol. The development analysis was performed through algorithm and circuit simulations. Proteus software was used for circuit design. Both the algorithm and circuit analysis passed the assigned simulation stages.

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The Integration of Renewable-Distributed Energy Resources into Electrical Power System Expansion with Intermittency Consideration

International Review on Modelling and Simulations (IREMOS) ◽

10.15866/iremos.v14i2.19433 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 89

Author(s):

Rahmat Adiprasetya Al Hasibi ◽

Sasongko Pramono Hadi ◽

Sarjiya Sarjiya

Keyword(s):

Power System ◽

Electrical Power ◽

Energy Resources ◽

Distributed Energy Resources ◽

System Expansion ◽

Distributed Energy ◽

Electrical Power System

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Distributed Energy Resources and the Application of AI, IoT, and Blockchain in Smart Grids

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13215739 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 5739

Author(s):

Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar ◽

Aneesh A. Chand ◽

Maria Malvoni ◽

Kushal A. Prasad ◽

Kabir A. Mamun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Storage ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Energy Resources ◽

Distributed Energy Resources ◽

Self Healing ◽

Distributed Energy ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Comprehensive Survey ◽

Digital Transactions ◽

Real Time Information

Smart grid (SG), an evolving concept in the modern power infrastructure, enables the two-way flow of electricity and data between the peers within the electricity system networks (ESN) and its clusters. The self-healing capabilities of SG allow the peers to become active partakers in ESN. In general, the SG is intended to replace the fossil fuel-rich conventional grid with the distributed energy resources (DER) and pools numerous existing and emerging know-hows like information and digital communications technologies together to manage countless operations. With this, the SG will able to “detect, react, and pro-act” to changes in usage and address multiple issues, thereby ensuring timely grid operations. However, the “detect, react, and pro-act” features in DER-based SG can only be accomplished at the fullest level with the use of technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and the Blockchain (BC). The techniques associated with AI include fuzzy logic, knowledge-based systems, and neural networks. They have brought advances in controlling DER-based SG. The IoT and BC have also enabled various services like data sensing, data storage, secured, transparent, and traceable digital transactions among ESN peers and its clusters. These promising technologies have gone through fast technological evolution in the past decade, and their applications have increased rapidly in ESN. Hence, this study discusses the SG and applications of AI, IoT, and BC. First, a comprehensive survey of the DER, power electronics components and their control, electric vehicles (EVs) as load components, and communication and cybersecurity issues are carried out. Second, the role played by AI-based analytics, IoT components along with energy internet architecture, and the BC assistance in improving SG services are thoroughly discussed. This study revealed that AI, IoT, and BC provide automated services to peers by monitoring real-time information about the ESN, thereby enhancing reliability, availability, resilience, stability, security, and sustainability.

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