scholarly journals Pilot Plant Data Assessment in Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction of Municipal Waste Solids

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Migliori ◽  
Enrico Catizzone ◽  
Girolamo Giordano ◽  
Adolfo Le Pera ◽  
Miriam Sellaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Dry Process

In this paper, a preliminary study of anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) in presented with the aim to compare the performances of both wet- and dry-type reactors. The treatment of OFMSW via anaerobic digestion (AD) producing biogas is a process that is receiving a growing interest because two different needs can be coupled: the request of sustainable municipal waste treatments and increasing demand renewable energy. This paper aims to offer experimental results comparing batch test and continuous experimental reactors under different conditions of humidity and solid content. Results show that both the investigated configurations may be used for converting OFMSW into a high quality biogas and that the increase of dry matter in the continuous process still allows to achieve significant biogas production rates. A slight reduction of the methane content was observed (less than 5% relative) that can be also related to the change in the level of volatile fatty acids. These results are very promising in supporting the possibility of operating an industrial scale plant with a dry-process without affecting the system performance.

scholarly journals Thermophilic Co-Digestion of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes—The Influence of Food Industry Wastes Addition on Biogas Production in Full-Scale Operation

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Seruga ◽  
Małgorzata Krzywonos ◽  
Marta Wilk
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Yield Increase

Anaerobic digestion (AD) has been used widely as a form of energy recovery by biogas production from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the introduction of co-substrates (restaurant wastes, corn whole stillage, effluents from the cleaning of chocolate transportation tanks) on the thermophilic anaerobic digestion process of the mechanically separated organic fraction of municipal solid wastes in a full-scale mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) plant. Based on the results, it can be seen that co-digestion might bring benefits and process efficiency improvement, compared to mono-substrate digestion. The 15% addition of effluents from the cleaning of chocolate transportation tanks resulted in an increase in biogas yield by 31.6%, followed by a 68.5 kWh electricity production possibility. The introduction of 10% corn stillage as the feedstock resulted in a biogas yield increase by 27.0%. The 5% addition of restaurant wastes contributed to a biogas yield increase by 21.8%. The introduction of additional raw materials, in fixed proportions in relation to the basic substrate, increases biogas yield compared to substrates with a lower content of organic matter. In regard to substrates with high organic loads, such as restaurant waste, it allows them to be digested. Therefore, determining the proportion of different feedstocks to achieve the highest efficiency with stability is necessary.

scholarly journals Mesophilic and Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction Separated during Mechanical Heat Treatment of Municipal Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2412
Author(s):  
Slawomir Kasinski
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Thermophilic Conditions ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Mesophilic Conditions

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of process temperature on semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction separated during autoclaving of municipal waste. Tests were carried out in reactors with full mixing. Biogas production was higher in thermophilic conditions than in mesophilic conditions (0.92 L/g volatile solids at 55 °C vs. 0.42 L/g volatile solids at 37 °C, respectively). The resulting methane yields were 0.25-0.32 L CH4/g VS and 0.56–0.70 L CH4/g VS in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, respectively. In both variants, the methane share was over 70% v/v. This work also discusses the potential impact of Maillard compounds on the efficiency of the fermentation process, which were probably produced during the process of autoclaving of municipal waste. These results indicate that, after autoclaving, the organic fraction of municipal waste can be an effective substrate for anaerobic digestion in thermophilic conditions.

Partial stream digestion of residual municipal solid waste

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1073-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. De Baere
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Partial Digestion ◽  
Sludge Cake ◽  
Dry Fermentation

Anaerobic digestion of residual municipal solid waste (MSW) has become more important than the digestion of source separated biowaste. More than 52% of the capacity available in Europe was designed for digestion of residual municipal waste by the end of 2006, while this was only 13% in 1998. Partial digestion of residual waste organics, by which only a part of the organics is digested, has been implemented to reduce the need for dewatering and subsequent wastewater treatment. The digestate coming from part of the organics is immediately mixed with the non-digested organic fraction. This organic fraction is drier and still contains a lot of energy which can be used to dry the digestate during the aerobic composting of the mixture of digested and undigested organics. Such a MBT-plant has been operating for over a year whereby 2/3 of the organics (including sludge cake) are digested (25,000 t/year) and mixed after digestion with the remaining 1/3 of the organics. Biogas production averages 125.7 Nm2 per ton fed and contained 56.2% of methane. The mixture of digestate and non-digested organics is aerated in tunnels during 4 to 6 weeks. The stabilized endproduct is landfilled, meeting the stringent German standards for inert landfills. By using a dry fermentation able to produce a digestate at 35% solids, there is no need for dewatering the digestate so that no wastewater is produced.

scholarly journals Anaerobic Digestion of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste in Plug-Flow Reactors: Focus on Bacterial Community Metabolic Pathways

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Elena Rossi ◽  
Simone Becarelli ◽  
Isabella Pecorini ◽  
Simona Di Gregorio ◽  
Renato Iannelli
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Organic Fraction

The aim of this study is to investigate the performance of a pilot-scale plug-flow reactor (PFR) as a biorefinery system to recover chemicals (i.e., volatile fatty acids (VFAs)), and biogas during the dry thermophilic anaerobic digestion (AD) of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). The effects of the hydraulic retention time (HRT) on both outputs were studied, reducing the parameter from 22 to 16 days. In addition, VFA variation along the PFR was also evaluated to identify a section for a further valorization of VFA-rich digestate stream. A particular focus was dedicated for characterizing the community responsible for the production of VFAs during hydrolysis and acidogenesis. The VFA concentration reached 4421.8 mg/L in a section located before the end of the PFR when the HRT was set to 16 days. Meanwhile, biogas production achieved 145 NLbiogas/d, increasing 2.7 times when compared to the lowest HRT tested. Defluviitoga sp. was the most abundant bacterial genus, contributing to 72.7% of the overall bacterial population. The genus is responsible for the hydrolysis of complex polysaccharides at the inlet and outlet sections since a bimodal distribution of the genus was found. The central zone of the reactor was distinctly characterized by protein degradation, following the same trend of propionate production.

Alkali pre-treatment of Sorghum Moench for biogas production

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Michalska ◽  
Stanisław Ledakowicz
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Methane Generation ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Alkali Hydrolysis ◽  
Almost All

AbstractThis work studies the influence of the alkali pre-treatment of Sorghum Moench — a representative of energy crops used in biogas production. Solutions containing various concentrations of sodium hydroxide were used to achieve the highest degradation of lignocellulosic structures. The results obtained after chemical pre-treatment indicate that the use of NaOH leads to the removal of almost all lignin (over 99 % in the case of 5 mass % NaOH) from the biomass, which is a prerequisite for efficient anaerobic digestion. Several parameters, such as chemical oxygen demand, total organic carbon, total phenolic content, volatile fatty acids, and general nitrogen were determined in the hydrolysates thus obtained in order to define the most favourable conditions. The best results were obtained for the Sorghum treated with 5 mass % NaOH at 121°C for 30 min The hydrolysate thus achieved consisted of high total phenolic compounds concentration (ca. 4.7 g L−1) and chemical oxygen demand value (ca. 45 g L−1). Although single alkali hydrolysis causes total degradation of glucose, a combined chemical and enzymatic pre-treatment of Sorghum leads to the release of large amounts of this monosaccharide into the supernatant. This indicates that alkali pre-treatment does not lead to complete cellulose destruction. The high degradation of lignin structure in the first step of the pre-treatment rendered the remainder of the biomass available for enzymatic action. A comparison of the efficiency of biogas production from untreated Sorghum and Sorghum treated with the use of NaOH and enzymes shows that chemical hydrolysis improves the anaerobic digestion effectiveness and the combined pre-treatment could have great potential for methane generation.

scholarly journals A review on strategies to optimize metabolic stages of anaerobic digestion of municipal solid wastes towards enhanced resources recovery

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin N. Richard ◽  
Askwar Hilonga ◽  
Revocatus L. Machunda ◽  
Karoli N. Njau
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Ammonia Inhibition ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Pre Treatment

AbstractRecently, there are increased efforts by municipals and researchers to investigate the potential of utilizing municipal solid wastes (MSW) for resources recovery. In many parts of developing countries, MSW is mostly collected for disposal with little emphasis on resources recovery. However, the MSW has high organic and moisture contents, and are suitable substrates for anaerobic digestion (AD) process to recover biogas for energy and digestate which can be used as fertilizers or for soil amendments. Resources recovery from the AD process consists of four metabolic stages; hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis. These metabolic stages can be affected by several factors such as the nature of substrates, accumulation of volatile fatty acids, and ammonia inhibition. In this review, different optimization strategies towards resources recoveries such as pre-treatment, co-digestion, trace elements supplementation, optimization of key parameters and the use of granular activated carbon are discussed. The review reveals that the currently employed optimization strategies fall short in several ways and proposes the need for improvements.

Effect of Ultrasonic Pretreatment for the Anaerobic Digestion of Sewage Sludge

2012 ◽  
Vol 531 ◽  
pp. 528-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wei
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Ultrasonic Pretreatment ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Settling Characteristics

Anaerobic digestion is an economic and environmentally friendly technology for treating the biomass material-sewage sludge, but has some limitations, such as the low efficient biogass production. In this paper ultrasound was proposed as pre-treatment for effective sludge anaerobic digestion. Sludge anaerobic digestion experiments with ultrasonic pretreatment was investigated. It can be seen that this treatment effectively leaded to the increase of soluble chemical oxygen demand(SCOD) and volatile fatty acids(VFA)concentration. High concentration of VFA leaded to a increase in biogas production. Besides, the SV of sludge was reduced and the settling characteristics of sludge was improved after ultrasonic pretreatment. It can be concluded that sludge anaerobic digestion with ultrasonic pretreatment is an effective method for biomass material transformation.

scholarly journals Impact of pH Management Interval on Biohydrogen Production from Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes by Mesophilic Thermophilic Anaerobic Codigestion

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaudhry Arslan ◽  
Asma Sattar ◽  
Ji Changying ◽  
Abdul Nasir ◽  
Irshad Ali Mari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Anaerobic Codigestion ◽  
Ph Management

The biohydrogen productions from the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) were studied under pH management intervals of 12 h (PM12) and 24 h (PM24) for temperature of37±0.1°C and55±0.1°C. The OFMSW or food waste (FW) along with its two components, noodle waste (NW) and rice waste (RW), was codigested with sludge to estimate the potential of biohydrogen production. The biohydrogen production was higher in all reactors under PM12 as compared to PM24. The drop in pH from 7 to 5.3 was observed to be appropriate for biohydrogen production via mesophilic codigestion of noodle waste with the highest biohydrogen yield of 145.93 mL/gCODremovedunder PM12. When the temperature was increased from 37°C to 55°C and pH management interval was reduced from 24 h to 12 h, the biohydrogen yields were also changed from 39.21 mL/gCODremovedto 89.67 mL/gCODremoved, 91.77 mL/gCODremovedto 145.93 mL/gCODremoved, and 15.36 mL/gCODremovedto 117.62 mL/gCODremovedfor FW, NW, and RW, respectively. The drop in pH and VFA production was better controlled under PM12 as compared to PM24. Overall, PM12 was found to be an effective mean for biohydrogen production through anaerobic digestion of food waste.

scholarly journals Effect of liquid digestate recirculation on biogas production and enzyme activities for anaerobic digestion of corn straw

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaixing Xue ◽  
Ling Qiu ◽  
Xiaohui Guo ◽  
Yiqing Yao
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Coenzyme F420 ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Liquid Digestate ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Peak Value

Abstract To accelerate the degradation of substrate, 50% liquid digestate recirculation (LDR) was used in the anaerobic digestion (AD) of corn straw. The effects of recirculation on the enzyme activities and biogas production were investigated by comparing with control reactor (ReactorCK). During the AD process, the fermentation system with 50% LDR was more stable. The average biogas and methane production in ReactorLDR were 7,891 mL·d−1 and 347 mL CH4·g−1 VSadded·d−1 respectively. The total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) concentration in the two reactors both increased at first and then decreased with time. The LDR made the VFAs accumulation significant, especially propionic acid accumulation in 4 ∼ 16 days. The maximum peak value of cellulase, xylanase, dehydrogenase and coenzyme F420 activities in ReactorLDR were 0.51 mg·g−1·h−1, 0.29 mg·g−1·h−1, 4.88 mL·g−1·h−1 and 6.69 μmol·L−1, respectively, which were higher than that in ReactorCK. With or without recirculation, the concentration of TVFAs was positively correlated with cellulase, xylanase and dehydrogenase activities, while was negatively correlated with coenzyme F420 activity. Besides, a very significant correlation existed between hydrolase and dehydrogenase activities and daily biogas production in ReactorCK. And the peaks of cellulase, xylanase and dehydrogenase activities appeared ahead of the peak of daily biogas production with the LDR.

Study on the biogas potential of anaerobic digestion of coffee husks wastes in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2093961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Du ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Mihret Dananto Ulsido ◽  
Ruyi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Waste Reclamation

The poorly controlled discharge of coffee husks in Ethiopia causes severe environmental pollution and is a waste of resources. The volatile solid and carbon content in coffee husks waste indicates that it is rich in organic matter and has huge potential to produce biogas. This study investigated the feasibility of coffee husks to produce biomass through anaerobic digestion, based on temperature, initial pH, inoculum/substrate (I/S) ratio and carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio. The study demonstrated that the maximum production of biogas and methane reached 3359.6 ml and 2127.30 ml, respectively, under the conditions of mesophilic temperature (35±1°C), an initial pH of 7, an I/S ratio of 0.75 and a C/N ratio of 30. Based on this result, the effects of trace elements (Fe2+, Ni2+, Co2+) on biogas production and methane content were also explored. Compared with the group with no addition of trace elements, the experiment adding trace elements had significant enhancement effects on the production of biogas and methane, in which Fe2+ played a leading role ( p<0.05). Fe2+ promoted the hydrolysis and acidification of coffee husks, resulting in the production of a series of intermediates such as volatile fatty acids and the other kinds of dissolved organic matter. Furthermore, the cooperation of Ni2+, Co2+ and Fe2+ enhanced the activity of the enzyme system in methanogens, promoting methane production. The results in this paper show that coffee husks have clear biogas potential through anaerobic digestion, and its effective utilization could fulfill the dual purpose of solid waste reclamation and local environmental protection in Ethiopia.

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