scholarly journals Solar Desalination Driven by Organic Rankine Cycles (Orc) and Supercritical CO2 Power Cycles: An Update

Processes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Agustín M. Delgado-Torres ◽  
Lourdes García-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Solar Ponds ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
First Case ◽  
Thermal Desalination ◽  
Desalination Technology

In the field of desalination powered by renewable energies, the use of solar power cycles exhibits some favorable characteristics, such as the possibility of implementing thermal energy storage systems or a multi-generation scheme (e.g., electricity, water, cooling, hydrogen). This article presents a review of the latest design proposals in which two power cycles of great potential are considered: the organic Rankine cycle and the supercritical CO2 power cycle, the latter of growing interest in recent years. The designs found in the literature are grouped into three main types of systems. In the case of solar ORC-based systems, the option of reverse osmosis as a desalination technology is considered in medium-temperature solar systems with storage but also with low-temperature using solar ponds. In the first case, it is also common to incorporate single-effect absorption systems for cooling production. The use of thermal desalination processes is also found in many proposals based on solar ORC. In this case, the usual configuration implies the cycle’s cooling by the own desalination process. This option is also common in systems based on the supercritical CO2 power cycle where MED technology is usually selected. Designs proposals are reviewed and assessed to point out design recommendations.

scholarly journals Effect of Two Different Heat Transfer Fluids on the Performance of Solar Tower CSP by Comparing Recompression Supercritical CO2 and Rankine Power Cycles, China

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3426
Author(s):  
Ephraim Bonah Agyekum ◽  
Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo ◽  
Festus Victor Bekun ◽  
Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar ◽  
Manoj Kumar Panjwani
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
First Year ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluids ◽  
Cost Of Energy

China intends to develop its renewable energy sector in order to cut down on its pollution levels. Concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies are expected to play a key role in this agenda. This study evaluated the technical and economic performance of a 100 MW solar tower CSP in Tibet, China, under different heat transfer fluids (HTF), i.e., Salt (60% NaNO3 40% KNO3) or HTF A, and Salt (46.5% LiF 11.5% NaF 42% KF) or HTF B under two different power cycles, namely supercritical CO2 and Rankine. Results from the study suggest that the Rankine power cycle with HTF A and B recorded capacity factors (CF) of 39% and 40.3%, respectively. The sCO2 power cycle also recorded CFs of 41% and 39.4% for HTF A and HTF B, respectively. A total of 359 GWh of energy was generated by the sCO2 system with HTF B, whereas the sCO2 system with HTF A generated a total of 345 GWh in the first year. The Rankine system with HTF A generated a total of 341 GWh, while the system with B as its HTF produced a total of 353 GWh of electricity in year one. Electricity to grid mainly occurred between 10:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. throughout the year. According to the results, the highest levelized cost of energy (LCOE) (real) of 0.1668 USD/kWh was recorded under the Rankine cycle with HTF A. The lowest LCOE (real) of 0.1586 USD/kWh was obtained under the sCO2 cycle with HTF B. In general, all scenarios were economically viable at the study area; however, the sCO2 proved to be more economically feasible according to the simulated results.

Thermoeconomic Analysis of a Combined Natural Gas Cogeneration System With a Supercritical CO2 Brayton Cycle and an Organic Rankine Cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Pan ◽  
Mingyue Yan ◽  
Liyan Shang ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Total System ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Cogeneration System ◽  
Isentropic Efficiency

Abstract This paper proposes a new type of Gas Turbine Cycle-supercritical CO2 Brayton/organic Rankine cycle (GT-SCO2/ORC) cogeneration system, in which the exhaust gas from gas-fired plants generates electricity through GT and then the remaining heat is absorbed by the supercritical CO2 (SCO2) Brayton cycle and ORC. CO2 contained in the exhaust gas is absorbed by monoethanolamine (MEA) and liquefied via liquified natural gas (LNG). Introducing thermodynamic efficiencies, thermoeconomic analysis to evaluate the system performance and total system cost is used as the evaluation parameter. The results show that the energy efficiency and exergy efficiency of the system are 56.47% and 45.46%, respectively, and the total cost of the product is 2798.38 $/h. Moreover, with the increase in air compressor (AC) or gas turbine isentropic efficiency, GT inlet temperature, and air preheater (AP) outlet temperature, the thermodynamic efficiencies have upward trends, which proves these four parameters optimize the thermodynamic performance. The total system cost can reach a minimum value with the increase in AC pressure ratio, GT isentropic efficiency, and AC isentropic efficiency, indicating that these three parameters can optimize the economic performance of the cycle. The hot water income increases significantly with the increase in the GT inlet temperature, but it is not cost-effective in terms of the total cost.

Analysis of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle for a Building in Hot and Humid Climate

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rambod Rayegan ◽  
Yong X. Tao
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Hot And Humid Climate

The objective of this paper is to model and analyze the solar Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) engine for a geothermal air-conditioned net zero-energy building (NZEB) in a hot and humid climate. In the authors’ previous work, 11 fluids have been suggested to be employed in solar ORCs that use low or medium temperature solar collectors. In this paper, the system requirements needed to maintain the electricity demand of a commercial building have been compared for the 11 suggested fluids. The solar collector loop, building, and geothermal air conditioning system are modeled using TRNSYS with the required input for the ORC system derived from the previous study. The commercial building is located in Pensacola of Florida and is served by grid power. The building has been equipped with two geothermal heat pump units and a vertical closed loop system. The performance of the geothermal system has been monitored for 3 weeks. Monitoring data and available electricity bills of the building have been employed to calibrate the building and geothermal air conditioning system simulation. Simulation has been repeated for Miami and Houston in order to evaluate the effect of the different solar radiations on the system requirements.

scholarly journals Corrosion and Erosion Behavior in Supercritical CO2 Power Cycles

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryn Fleming ◽  
Alan Kruizenga ◽  
James Pasch ◽  
Tom Conboy ◽  
Matt Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Potential Issue

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (S-CO2) is emerging as a potential working fluid in power-production Brayton cycles. As a result, concerns have been raised regarding fluid purity within the power cycle loops. Additionally, investigations into the longevity of the S-CO2 power cycle materials are being conducted to quantify the advantages of using S-CO2 versus other fluids, since S-CO2 promises substantially higher efficiencies. One potential issue with S-CO2 systems is intergranular corrosion [1]. At this time, Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) is establishing a materials baseline through the analysis of 1) “as received” stainless steel piping, and 2) piping exposed to S-CO2 under typical operating conditions with SNL’s Brayton systems. Results from ongoing investigations are presented. A second issue that SNL has discovered involves substantial erosion in the turbine blade and inlet nozzle. It is believed that this is caused by small particulates that originate from different materials around the loop that are entrained by the S-CO2 to the nozzle, where they impact the inlet nozzle vanes, causing erosion. We believe that, in some way, this is linked to the purity of the S-CO2, the corrosion contaminants, and the metal particulates that are present in the loop and its components.

A Finite-Time Thermodynamic Framework for Optimizing Solar-Thermal Power Plants

2007 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. McMahan ◽  
S. A. Klein ◽  
D. T. Reindl
Keyword(s):  
Finite Time ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Solar Thermal Power

Fundamental differences between the optimization strategies for power cycles used in “traditional” and solar-thermal power plants are identified using principles of finite-time thermodynamics. Optimal operating efficiencies for the power cycles in traditional and solar-thermal power plants are derived. In solar-thermal power plants, the added capital cost of a collector field shifts the optimum power cycle operating point to a higher-cycle efficiency when compared to a traditional plant. A model and method for optimizing the thermoeconomic performance of solar-thermal power plants based on the finite-time analysis is presented. The method is demonstrated by optimizing an existing organic Rankine cycle design for use with solar-thermal input. The net investment ratio (capital cost to net power) is improved by 17%, indicating the presence of opportunities for further optimization in some current solar-thermal designs.

scholarly journals Design and experimental research on the combined flash-binary geothermal power generation system driven by low-medium temperature geothermal system

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2 Part A) ◽  
pp. 831-842
Author(s):  
Chao Luo ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Yongzhen Wang ◽  
Hongmei Yin ◽  
Qingsong An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Geothermal Resource ◽  
Medium Temperature ◽  
Source Temperature ◽  
Heat Source Temperature ◽  
Variable Capacity

To match for the different temperature of the geothermal resource and strengthen the flexibility of organic Rankine cycle, a variable capacity power generation superstructure based on flash and organic Rankine cycle for geothermal energy was proposed. A combined flash-binary experimental prototype is newly established to investigate thermodynamic performance both on system and equipment in this paper. Pressured hot water is adopted as the extensive worldwide existed hydrothermal geothermal resource, eliminating the influence of the used heat transfer oil on evaporating process. The experimental results show that there is an optimal mass-flow rate of R245fa under the condition of different heat source temperature. Flash and binary power subsystem dominate the flash-binary power system, respectively, when the heat source temperature is 120? and 130?. The isotropic efficiency of modified compressor just between 0.2 and 0.25. The power output of per ton geofluid are 0.78 kWh/t and 1.31 kWh/t, respectively, when the heat source temperature are 120? and 130?. These results will predict the operation data of flash-binary power plant driven by the low-medium temperature geothermal water for construction in western of China.

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